Industrial production down by 1.1% in the euro area and by 0.8% in the EU

Overview

In December 2024, compared with November 2024, seasonally adjusted industrial production decreased by 1.1% in the euro area and by 0.8% the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In November 2024, industrial production grew by 0.4% in the euro area and by 0.2% in the EU.

In December 2024, compared with December 2023, industrial production decreased by 2.0% the euro area and by 1.7% in the EU.

The annual average industrial production for the year 2024, compared with 2023, decreased by 3.0% in the euro area and by 2.3% in the EU.

Industrial production

Monthly comparison by main industrial grouping and by Member State

In the euro area in December 2024, compared with November 2024, industrial production

decreased by 1.9% for intermediate goods,
increased by 0.5% for energy,
decreased by 2.6% for capital goods,
decreased by 0.7% for durable consumer goods,
increased by 5.1% for non-durable consumer goods.

In the EU, industrial production

decreased by 1.8% for intermediate goods,
increased by 0.6% for energy,
decreased by 2.0% for capital goods,
decreased by 1.0% for durable consumer goods,
increased by 5.2% for non-durable consumer goods.

The largest monthly decreases were recorded in Belgium (-6.8%), Portugal (-4.4%) and Austria (-3.3%). The highest increases were observed in Ireland (+8.2%), Luxembourg (+6.7%) and Croatia (+6.3%).

Annual comparison by main industrial grouping and by Member State

In the euro area in December 2024, compared with December 2023, industrial production

decreased by 2.4% for intermediate goods,
increased by 0.5% for energy,
decreased by 8.1% for capital goods,
decreased by 2.2% for durable consumer goods,
increased by 8.3% for non-durable consumer goods.

In the EU, industrial production

decreased by 2.3% for intermediate goods,
increased by 0.6% for energy,
decreased by 7.5% for capital goods,
decreased by 1.8% for durable consumer goods,
increased by 8.2% for non-durable consumer goods.

The largest annual decreases were recorded in Austria (-9.5%), Italy (-7.1%) and Hungary (-6.4%). The highest increases were observed in Malta (+14.4%), Ireland (+10.1%) and Lithuania (+7.6%).

Industrial production in December 2024

Tables

Industrial production % change compared with previous month*
	2024
	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Euro area
Total industry	-0.7	1.2	-1.5	0.2	0.4	-1.1
Intermediate goods	-0.3	0.0	-1.5	0.3	0.5	-1.9
Energy	0.1	0.3	-1.0	-1.2	2.1	0.5
Capital goods	-1.2	3.0	-3.9	1.7	0.2	-2.6
Durable consumer goods	-3.2	1.7	-0.4	-1.3	2.0	-0.7
Non-durable consumer goods	2.3	-0.4	2.3	-2.2	-0.2	5.1
EU
Total industry	-0.4	0.9	-1.4	0.5	0.2	-0.8
Intermediate goods	-0.6	0.1	-1.2	0.5	0.4	-1.8
Energy	0.0	0.3	-1.2	-0.6	2.2	0.6
Capital goods	-1.4	2.9	-3.2	1.6	-0.1	-2.0
Durable consumer goods	-2.7	1.5	-0.6	-0.4	1.5	-1.0
Non-durable consumer goods	2.7	-1.0	1.1	-0.9	-0.3	5.2
* Calendar and seasonally adjusted Source dataset: sts_inpr_m

Industrial production % change compared with previous month*
	2024
	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Euro area	-0.7	1.2	-1.5	0.2	0.4	-1.1
EU	-0.4	0.9	-1.4	0.5	0.2	-0.8
Belgium	6.2	0.0	0.3	-4.4	9.2	-6.8
Bulgaria	0.6	0.9	1.3	-0.9	-0.3	-1.6
Czechia	-0.8	1.8	-0.5	-0.4	-1.8	1.5
Denmark	7.9	-5.5	-5.2	7.2	-4.2	4.0
Germany	-3.0	3.1	-2.5	-0.5	1.5	-2.9
Estonia	-4.7	1.7	1.0	1.6	2.7	0.5
Ireland	2.5	1.8	-5.4	5.7	-4.6	8.2
Greece	2.1	-4.4	-2.6	0.8	1.7	2.6
Spain	-0.5	-0.3	1.0	0.9	-1.5	1.4
France	0.2	0.8	-0.7	-0.4	0.1	-0.4
Croatia	5.9	-3.9	4.0	-2.7	-1.7	6.3
Italy	-1.0	0.0	-0.4	0.0	0.3	-3.1
Cyprus	-1.7	-0.5	0.0	0.9	-2.8	3.7
Latvia	1.2	1.2	-1.4	0.5	-1.1	-1.6
Lithuania	0.2	2.1	1.0	-4.5	3.9	2.2
Luxembourg	0.3	-6.3	6.3	-1.4	-0.8	6.7
Hungary	0.0	-0.5	-0.6	1.5	-1.1	-1.8
Malta	-4.2	2.1	4.2	-0.8	8.2	3.5
Netherlands	-0.9	1.8	-2.4	0.5	1.5	-1.0
Austria	0.5	-0.6	-0.8	-2.0	-0.5	-3.3
Poland	-0.4	-0.8	-0.5	3.5	-1.4	-1.4
Portugal	-0.4	-0.3	3.0	3.3	-3.6	-4.4
Romania	-3.2	1.3	0.0	0.4	0.1	-1.2
Slovenia	-2.9	-0.1	1.6	2.3	-1.8	1.2
Slovakia	-2.1	1.4	0.6	0.8	-0.8	1.1
Finland	1.8	-0.9	-1.2	0.3	0.7	-1.8
Sweden	1.0	1.5	1.3	-1.4	2.1	4.5
Norway	-5.4	-1.5	-11.1	9.7	0.2	-0.2
Switzerland	4.0	-6.3	0.5	:	:	:
* Calendar and seasonally adjusted : Data not available Source dataset: sts_inpr_m

Industrial production % change compared with same month of the previous year*
	2024
	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Euro area
Total industry	-2.1	-0.4	-2.1	-1.0	-1.8	-2.0
Intermediate goods	-4.3	-2.5	-4.0	-3.1	-2.4	-2.4
Energy	0.9	2.2	2.1	-0.3	0.0	0.5
Capital goods	-3.7	-0.5	-5.8	-2.0	-3.0	-8.1
Durable consumer goods	-4.8	-5.4	-3.1	-4.2	-0.3	-2.2
Non-durable consumer goods	2.6	1.7	5.7	3.7	0.1	8.3
EU
Total industry	-1.5	-0.1	-1.7	-0.5	-1.5	-1.7
Intermediate goods	-3.9	-2.4	-3.5	-2.7	-1.8	-2.3
Energy	1.2	2.2	1.5	-0.9	0.3	0.6
Capital goods	-4.0	-0.4	-5.1	-1.8	-2.8	-7.5
Durable consumer goods	-4.2	-4.4	-2.7	-2.6	0.5	-1.8
Non-durable consumer goods	4.4	2.9	5.1	4.3	0.5	8.2
* Calendar adjusted Source dataset: sts_inpr_m

Industrial production % change compared with same month of the previous year*
	2024
	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Euro area	-2.1	-0.4	-2.1	-1.0	-1.8	-2.0
EU	-1.5	-0.1	-1.7	-0.5	-1.5	-1.7
Belgium	0.1	4.2	5.5	-5.4	10.3	-3.8
Bulgaria	-2.6	-3.0	1.2	-1.5	2.4	-3.9
Czechia	-1.9	1.7	1.7	-2.1	-2.7	-3.0
Denmark	20.7	12.9	6.3	11.7	1.5	3.4
Germany	-5.8	-2.7	-4.2	-4.4	-3.0	-4.0
Estonia	-5.8	-6.0	-1.6	0.0	-0.1	-4.3
Ireland	7.3	11.2	-0.6	15.1	-5.0	10.1
Greece	10.5	3.7	2.5	-2.7	3.2	5.9
Spain	-0.9	-1.5	0.7	3.0	-1.0	2.6
France	-0.9	0.8	-0.6	-0.8	-1.0	-1.3
Croatia	1.6	-1.9	0.8	-1.8	-6.3	5.4
Italy	-3.3	-3.2	-3.9	-3.5	-1.6	-7.1
Cyprus	2.3	1.4	-0.2	2.1	-4.2	3.1
Latvia	1.6	0.6	-2.0	-1.8	-4.2	-6.0
Lithuania	6.1	5.5	5.1	0.4	5.2	7.6
Luxembourg	-1.5	-10.1	0.4	-2.5	-2.6	1.4
Hungary	-6.5	-4.1	-5.2	-3.7	-2.7	-6.4
Malta	-0.3	2.2	5.8	6.1	15.0	14.4
Netherlands	-3.1	0.8	-1.9	-0.3	1.7	-2.5
Austria	-2.0	-2.8	-3.4	-4.7	-4.8	-9.5
Poland	1.3	-0.5	-1.3	3.0	0.9	-1.4
Portugal	-3.0	-1.9	2.5	3.8	-2.5	-5.6
Romania	-4.0	-2.0	-3.8	-1.0	-0.7	-3.6
Slovenia	-1.6	6.0	-0.6	3.2	-1.9	1.9
Slovakia	5.2	1.0	2.3	1.0	-0.1	-0.1
Finland	5.7	2.2	1.2	1.0	2.2	1.7
Sweden	-2.2	-1.0	1.9	-1.8	0.8	5.6
Norway	10.0	5.9	-0.5	2.1	0.4	0.3
Switzerland	10.8	-0.4	-0.8	:	:	:
* Calendar adjusted : Data not available Source dataset: sts_inpr_m

Production indices for total industry, calendar and seasonally adjusted (base year 2021)
	2024
	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Euro area	96.5	97.7	96.2	96.4	96.8	95.7
EU	98.3	99.2	97.8	98.3	98.5	97.7
Belgium	91.9	91.9	92.2	88.1	96.2	89.7
Bulgaria	99.8	100.7	102.0	101.1	100.8	99.2
Czechia	98.4	100.2	99.7	99.3	97.5	99.0
Denmark	142.3	134.5	127.5	136.7	131.0	136.2
Germany	90.8	93.6	91.3	90.8	92.2	89.5
Estonia	81.6	83.0	83.8	85.1	87.4	87.8
Ireland	105.8	107.7	101.9	107.7	102.7	111.1
Greece	115.0	109.9	107.0	107.9	109.7	112.6
Spain	100.6	100.3	101.3	102.2	100.7	102.1
France	100.5	101.3	100.6	100.2	100.3	99.9
Croatia	102.0	98.0	101.9	99.1	97.4	103.5
Italy	94.3	94.3	93.9	93.9	94.2	91.3
Cyprus	107.2	106.7	106.7	107.7	104.7	108.6
Latvia	93.5	94.6	93.3	93.8	92.8	91.3
Lithuania	102.8	105.0	106.1	101.3	105.3	107.6
Luxembourg	90.5	84.8	90.1	88.8	88.1	94.0
Hungary	96.4	95.9	95.3	96.7	95.6	93.9
Malta	108.4	110.7	115.3	114.4	123.8	128.1
Netherlands	100.3	102.1	99.6	100.1	101.6	100.6
Austria	102.0	101.4	100.6	98.6	98.1	94.9
Poland	110.3	109.4	108.9	112.7	111.1	109.5
Portugal	94.3	94.0	96.8	100.0	96.4	92.2
Romania	95.3	96.5	96.5	96.9	97.0	95.8
Slovenia	93.3	93.2	94.7	96.9	95.2	96.3
Slovakia	97.7	99.1	99.7	100.5	99.7	100.8
Finland	103.6	102.7	101.5	101.8	102.5	100.7
Sweden	100.3	101.8	103.1	101.7	103.8	108.5
Norway	107.2	105.6	93.9	103.0	103.2	103.0
Switzerland	115.6	108.3	108.8	:	:	:
: Data not available Source dataset: sts_inpr_m

Production indices for total industry, calendar adjusted (base year 2021)
	2024
	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Euro area	98.0	83.0	101.4	102.0	103.3	92.2
EU	98.1	85.4	102.7	104.0	104.8	94.4
Belgium	86.2	84.0	97.0	94.1	98.4	88.0
Bulgaria	103.1	98.6	102.7	106.0	104.9	101.7
Czechia	88.1	93.6	103.3	105.2	105.7	92.4
Denmark	129.8	131.0	130.1	139.6	135.8	138.3
Germany	90.5	86.1	95.5	93.4	98.7	85.7
Estonia	72.5	81.1	86.2	90.6	91.0	84.6
Ireland	111.7	94.0	124.3	124.6	126.3	113.3
Greece	128.4	104.1	109.0	106.4	106.3	113.0
Spain	104.9	77.7	104.3	108.1	105.0	94.2
France	99.0	79.8	101.9	105.3	104.3	101.6
Croatia	109.0	84.7	106.1	106.6	100.3	100.4
Italy	103.8	64.0	99.7	102.5	98.9	80.0
Cyprus	121.5	89.6	112.2	110.1	102.1	110.3
Latvia	93.7	99.6	96.0	101.2	101.4	96.0
Lithuania	99.9	107.1	110.4	106.0	108.9	104.7
Luxembourg	89.2	71.3	91.9	94.2	90.3	88.0
Hungary	95.2	84.7	103.3	102.2	101.0	84.3
Malta	114.0	104.2	120.5	118.9	126.2	115.3
Netherlands	98.5	93.3	100.8	103.1	105.2	101.5
Austria	101.9	90.4	105.1	103.2	104.2	94.3
Poland	105.5	102.2	111.4	120.0	115.5	105.1
Portugal	100.7	79.4	98.3	101.5	100.4	84.0
Romania	96.4	88.0	98.7	101.9	101.8	91.1
Slovenia	93.5	78.2	97.8	102.2	99.5	86.6
Slovakia	88.6	90.7	100.4	109.7	105.8	90.8
Finland	91.2	100.3	105.1	106.6	106.3	109.4
Sweden	78.3	86.8	105.7	108.2	109.5	112.7
Norway	106.4	105.9	81.9	106.5	107.5	110.2
Switzerland	113.0	99.5	108.6	:	:	:
: Data not available Source dataset: sts_inpr_m

Notes for users

Revisions and timetable

Compared with data issued in the News Release of 15 January 2025, the monthly percentage change for November 2024 has been revised from +0.2% to +0.4% in the euro area and from +0.1% to +0.2% in the EU. The annual percentage change has been revised from -1.9% to -1.8% in the euro area and from -1.7% to -1.5% in the EU.

Methods and definitions

The index of industrial production measures the evolution of the volume of production for industry excluding construction, based on data adjusted for calendar and seasonal effects.

Seasonally adjusted euro area and EU series are calculated by aggregating the seasonally adjusted national data.

Total industry covers NACE rev.2 sections B to D. Missing observations from Member States for recent months are estimated for the calculation of the euro area and the EU aggregates.

Starting with reference period January 2024, the base year of the data has been changed to 2021, since 2018 the base year had been 2015. More information on the reasons for and impact of the base year change can be found in the related Statistics Explained article.

Geographical information

The euro area (EA20) includes Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia and Finland.

The European Union (EU27) includes Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland and Sweden.