Published statistics

The online job advertisement rate (OJAR) and related statistics provide detailed and timely information on employers’ recruitment needs for various occupations. These experimental statistics are produced using OJAs collected from hundreds of online job portals, through web scraping. The information retrieved from these ads are first classified by occupation and then combined with data on the number of employees collected in the EU labour force survey (EU-LFS). The corresponding dataset is published in the dissemination database of Eurostat.

Data are published in the database.

Several agricultural operations and processes occur at small geographical scales and are driven by local environmental and social conditions. Thus, national or regional averages and indicators might be misleading as they are not covering the real situation.

Combining geographical information and official statistics on the structure of agricultural holdings helps to unveil developments of various aspects related to agricultural, allows evaluating the impact of policy measures on farming at more local levels, and improves the monitoring of the agricultural sector.

Data are published via an interactive map.

Digital platform employment (DPE) is a new type of paid work, organised in tasks or activities, which is managed through a digital platform. To measure this emerging phenomenon, DPE experimental statistics focus on its prevalence, its characteristics, and their impact on workers' lives.

The experimental DPE statistics were produced on the basis of the pilot data collection carried out in 2022 by 16 EU countries as well as 1 country of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). The European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) questionnaire was complemented with an additional set of questions to detect paid work managed through an internet platform or a phone application. The pilot was carried out on a voluntary basis using a smaller scale sample than the usual EU-LFS sample. Respondents were randomly sampled from the resident population of each country.

Data are published via a dataset in the database and a Statistics Explained article.

Tourism satellite accounts (TSA) assess the macro-economic dimension of the tourism sector and give insights on its contribution to the European economies. TSA complement the existing tourism statistics that usually focus on physical tourism flows rather than monetary flows. Countries compile TSA guided by the international recommendations laid down in the TSA recommended methodological framework, albeit with different levels of implementation and comparability.

These experimental statistics are based on a 3-yearly data collection by Eurostat, in which countries can share their available TSA indicators on a voluntary basis. This exercise produces tables comprising data for most EU countries as well as estimates of EU aggregates. The data include information on tourism consumption broken down by origin of the guest, type of visitor, or information on how much tourism contributes to the economy in terms of gross value added.

Data are published via a Statistics Explained article.

Timely statistics on port activity and maritime vessel traffic are important for monitoring fluctuations in economic activity. Information on port calls is currently published by Eurostat quarterly approximately one year after the end of each quarter.

New data sources, such as the automatic identification system (AIS) and administrative data available to the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA), enable early estimates of maritime vessel traffic within few weeks after the end of the reference period. Additionally, the use of new data sources does not create additional burden to respondents.

Experimental statistics on early estimates of maritime vessel traffic are based on official Eurostat statistics of previous quarters, AIS and administrative data available to EMSA. The autoregressive integrated moving average model with exogenous variables (ARIMAX) is used to combine input data and to estimate port calls by vessel type at EU level shortly after the end of each quarter. The estimation method was tested for the period 2015-2019. Eurostat is planning to test further the developed method and update regularly the port call estimates for the most recent quarter.

Data are published via a dataset in the database.

Multinational enterprise (MNE) groups play a major role in the EU economy. They contribute substantially to the production of goods and services, employment, and investment in the EU countries.

The experimental statistics on microdata linking between EuroGroups register (EGR) and structural business statistic (SBS) were produced on the basis of statistics provided by 7 countries (Belgium, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, Norway). These countries participated in a project on microdata linking to produce a new SBS breakdown on the origin of the control of the enterprise by using information available in the EGR.

Data are published via a Statistics Explained article.

Industry concentration is the degree to which production in an industry or in the whole economy is dominated by a few large firms. These experimental statistics are the first effort to calculate the industry concentration in the EU for sections of the statistical classification of economic activities (NACE). This is done based on data available in the EuroGroups register (EGR) and from structural business statistics (SBS). The EGR is the central statistical business register used by Eurostat and the EU and EFTA countries' statistical authorities. SBS data contain the detailed structure, economic activity, and performance of businesses over time.

Data are published via a Statistics Explained article and an Excel file.

The European space economy thematic account aims to provide a harmonised framework for the production of reliable and comparable statistics on the space economy in Europe . It covers the main gross domestic product (GDP) indicators, such as output, gross value added, and employment in the space sector. This approach offers multiple possibilities for economic analyses and measurement of the space economy in Europe .

The first published results on the EU space economy concern data on exports and imports of spacecraft, including satellites, and spacecraft launch vehicles. The results cover the time series 2010 to 2021. In addition, the following publications have been released:

• the list of comparable statistical codes to measure the space economy at international, North American, and European levels
• the methodology to build the European space economy thematic account.

Data are published via an Excel file and 2 publications.

Statistics on labour market demand for ICT specialists in online job advertisements (OJAs) provide detailed and timely information on employers’ needs for digital professionals. These experimental statistics are produced using OJAs collected from hundreds of online job portals. The job advertisements are obtained through web scraping. The information retrieved from these ads are processed to classify them according to variables, such as occupation or location.

Data are published via datasets in the database.

Comprehensive information on trade in services by mode of supply (MoS) has been a longstanding priority for trade negotiations. The detailed international supply of services (ISS) statistics by services category, mode of supply and partner country help policymakers to support the ongoing and future trade negotiating agenda with strong facts and evidence-based arguments. In this respect, the statistics by MoS monitor the impact of services trade agreements, as they show how and where services are supplied internationally.

Data are published via a Statistics Explained article and an Excel file.

Multifactor productivity (MFP) is a measure of economic performance that compares the amount of goods and services produced (output) to the amount of combined inputs used to produce those goods and services.

In simple terms, a change in MFP can be described as the change in the volume of output (expressed in terms of real gross value added) that cannot be explained by changes in the quantity (and quality) of capital and labour inputs used to generate that output.

Data are published via an Excel file.

International sourcing (IS) statistics aim to provide insight into the movement of common business tasks by enterprises across borders (a phenomenon which is also sometimes referred to as ‘outsourcing’). These common tasks are grouped together in functional groups called business functions. By collecting data about the movement of business functions, international sourcing statistics can help statisticians and policymakers measure and monitor organisational and spatial patterns in national, regional, and global value chains and allow the effects of these patterns — on employment, wages, innovation, skills, firm survival, and turnover — to be measured.

In these voluntary surveys, the data and the questionnaire are experimental, as the survey questions had changed significantly throughout the survey iterations. Additionally, new and untested parts of the GVC arrangements and COVID-19 impact on domestic and global supply chains were introduced in the latest survey. The outcomes of this last voluntary survey will feed into the creation of the first mandatory GVC survey under the EBS regulation (Reg. 2020/1197), to be organised in 2024, which will in large part include the IS statistics.

Data are published via a Statistics Explained article, Excel files and datasets in the database.

In March 2020, the Commission reached a landmark agreement with Airbnb, Booking, Expedia Group and Tripadvisor on data sharing. The agreement allows Eurostat to obtain and publish key data on short-term accommodation rentals from the four collaborative platforms. Currently, national, regional and city level data on guest nights spent in 2018 and 2019 are available. Capacity (e.g. number of listings) data will follow in a later phase of the project.

The agreement grants access to reliable data about holiday and other short-stay accommodation offered via the four platforms. It helps to close an information gap, since data on holiday homes, apartments and rooms in otherwise private buildings are often outside the scope of existing tourism registers. An important disclaimer for the reader is that the data cannot be put in relation to already existing European statistics on tourist accommodation.

Data are published via a Statistics Explained article and Excel files.

High growth enterprises statistics are part of the annual business demography statistics. The current annual data production of business demography statistics looks at the development of enterprises, i.e. births and deaths of enterprises and their survival rates, in order to assess the evolution of the enterprise sector within EU economies.

The experimental statistics product on high growth enterprises (HGE) is a result of a two year development project that involved 13 countries. The two main outputs published under the experimental statistics umbrella refer to the pioneering work done in developing methodology and statistical results on micro high growth enterprises and on statistics on the post high growth period.

Data are published via Statistics Explained articles.

European occupational diseases statistics (EODS) are essential elements in the European Commission’s strategy to assess the efficiency of Community legislation on health and safety at work. To improve the working conditions, knowledge of the numbers, rates, frequencies and trends of occupational diseases are fundamental. They allow the monitoring and the prioritization of preventive actions at Community level to improve health and safety at work. As of now, no similar data source exists at European level. The EODS pilot built on these needs and aims to provide some experimental information that is currently not elsewhere available at European Union level due to the complexity and the comparability embedded in the concept of occupational disease recognised nationally.

Data are published via Excel files.

The flash estimates on income inequality and poverty indicators are an answer to the policy demand for providing timelier data in the social domain. They measure the yearly changes of main income distribution indicators, including the at-risk-of-poverty rate and the income quintile share ratio. Flash estimates should estimate to the extent possible the values captured in the EU-SILC survey. They are mainly based on microsimulation models which make use of EUROMOD, the tax benefit model at EU level developed by the institute for social and economic research (ISER) at the University of Essex.

Flash estimates have a release date appreciable earlier than the actual data. These can complement the EU-SILC data and feed preliminary discussion and analysis until the final EU-SILC data is released.

Data are published in a report.

Income and consumption aggregates drawn from national accounts (macro-level data) describe the situation of households as an institutional unit in the macroeconomic context. Income distribution (from the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions, EU-SILC) and consumption data (from the Household Budget Survey), on the other hand, are based on micro-level data and used to measure inequalities in the context of social policies.

Differing concepts and data collection practices mean that the messages from these different sources do not necessarily lead to the same conclusions as regards people’s prosperity. By comparing micro- and macro-level statistics on households, we can understand their complementarities and differences, and build robust links between the data sources.

Social surveys and national accounts are compared as regards household income and consumption by analysing methodological concepts as they apply to data sources and underlying data.

Data are published via Excel files.

QALI estimates the growth of hours worked (Labour Input) taking into account the quality of the workforce based on experience and skills.

To do so, QALI combines macrodata (from national accounts) and microdata (from surveys EU Labour Force Survey (LFS), EU Structure of Earnings Survey (SES), EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC)) and the information provided is more detailed in comparison to when only macrodata are used.

The QALI indicator should be considered as experimental for several reasons: some detailed results can't be published because of confidentiality and reliability of data sources, the definition of employment in LFS differs from that used in national accounts, SES as a four-year survey should be interpolated for the years in between, industry classification has changed in 2008. Moreover, the weighing of hours using earning shares is not an assumption used in core national accounts.

Nevertheless, the approach used to produce the QALI indicator gives a more detailed picture of the input of labour to the production process. QALI is a more suitable method to use in growth accounting analyses as it better explains GDP developments.

Data are published via Excel files.

Analysis of and aggregated data tables on the structure of multinational groups in the EU. The analysis is based on data from the EuroGroups Register (EGR) - the central statistical business register used by Eurostat and the EU and EFTA countries' statistical authorities. The EGR covers multinational enterprise groups operating in the EU and provides yearly data on them. EGR data is considered experimental because it is incomplete and not fully accurate.

Data are published via a Statistics Explained article.

The joint distribution of income, consumption and wealth designates the links and interplay between the three economic dimensions. These data help at describing material well-being and households' economic vulnerability and contribute to explain the dynamics of wealth inequalities. These experimental statistics were produced by Eurostat by merging information coming from different databases so as to obtain a fused dataset containing information on the three dimensions for each observation.

Data are published via a dataset in the database.

Labour market transition statistics show the movements of individuals between employment, unemployment and economic inactivity. These statistics present estimated breakdowns (by sex, age and duration of unemployment) that are important to understand the differences in transition probabilities between different groups.

Data are published via a dataset in the database.

Statistics on UNESCO World Heritage Sites result from a big data project using Wikipedia as a source. Wikipedia articles associated to each site and the total number of page views is taken as a measure of popularity of the sites or a measure of "cultural consumption" of world heritage.

Data are published in a publication.