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In 2022, EU market producer enterprises controlled by countries outside the EU generated a net turnover of €5 657 billion, equivalent to 14.7% of all net turnover generated by EU enterprises (€38 494 billion). 

At the same time, enterprises outside the EU, controlled by an EU resident institutional units, generated €6 526 billion of net turnover. 

Enterprises in the United States contributed with the highest share (€2 030 billion, 31.1%) followed by the United Kingdom (€770 billion, 11.8%), China (€570 billion, 8.7%), Mexico (€190 billion, 2.9%), Canada (€181 billion, 2.8%) and Australia (€132 billion, 2.0%). 

Share of foreign affiliates controlled by the rest of the world, 2022. Map - click below to see full dataset

Source dataset: fats_out_part

When it came to net turnover generated by enterprises in the EU controlled by countries outside the EU, the United States also accounted for most of the share (€2 474 billion, 43.7%). The United Kingdom came second (€900 billion, 15.9%), ahead of Switzerland (€580 billion, 10.3%), Japan (€429 billion, 7.6%), South Korea (€156 billion, 2.8%), China (€150 billion, 2.7%) and Norway (€140 billion, 2.5%). 

Share of foreign affiliates in the EU controlled by the rest of the world, 2022. Map - click below to see full dataset

Source dataset: fats_ctrl

Drop in activities of EU enterprises controlled by Russia 

In 2022, there was a fall in net turnover of Russian enterprises controlled by EU countries, corresponding to a 20% decrease compared to 2021. EU-controlled enterprises in Ukraine generated 34% less in net turnover in 2022 compared to 2021.

The number of enterprises in the EU controlled by institutional units resident in Russia dropped by 11% in 2022 compared with 2021. This led to a decrease in net turnover by 6%. On the other hand, there was an increase in the number of enterprises in the EU (+8%) controlled by institutional units resident in Ukraine, resulting in a net turnover growth of 12%.

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Methodological notes

  • For statistical purposes, foreign affiliates are enterprises resident in one country and controlled by an institutional unit resident in another. There are 2 distinct sources of information: so-called inward foreign affiliates statistics (FATS), which cover the activities of enterprises within the EU that are under foreign control and outward FATS, which cover the activities of EU affiliates abroad.
  • Net turnover consists of all income arising during the reference period in the course of ordinary activities of the statistical unit, and is presented net of all price reductions, discounts and rebates granted by it. Income is defined as increases in economic benefits during the reference period in the form of inflows or enhancements of assets or decreases of liabilities that result in increases in equity, other than those relating to contributions from equity participants. 
  • Control – in the context of this article – is the ability to determine the general policy of an enterprise by choosing appropriate directors, if necessary. FATS focus on the affiliates that are majority-owned by a single investor or by a group of associated investors acting in concert and owning more than 50% of ordinary shares or voting power.

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