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In 2023, 9.8 million people in the EU worked as ICT specialists, representing 4.8% of the total people in employment. 

A growth trend in ICT specialists in the EU has been taking place over the past few years, with the number of people working in this area rising by 1.5 percentage points (pp) since 2013 and an increase of 0.2 pp compared with 2022 (4.6%).

Among the EU countries, in 2023, the share of ICT specialists was highest in Sweden (8.7%), followed by Luxembourg (8.0%) and Finland (7.6%). The lowest shares were observed in Greece (2.4%), Romania (2.6%) and Slovenia (3.8%).

Proportion of ICT specialists in total employment, 2023. Bar chart. For more information click dataset below.

Source dataset: isoc_sks_itspt

Bulgaria, Estonia and Romania registered the highest shares of women in ICT

The share of women working as ICT specialists stood at 19.4% in 2023, increasing by 2.7 pp when compared with 2013 (16.7%) and 0.5 pp when compared with 2022 (18.9%).

At country level, the highest shares of women among employed ICT specialists were observed in Bulgaria (29.1%), Estonia (26.8%) and Romania (26.0%), while the smallest shares were observed in Czechia (12.4%), Malta (13.8%), Hungary and Italy (both 15.7%). 

Distribution of ICT specialists by sex, 2023. Bar chart. For more information click dataset below.

Source dataset: isoc_sks_itsps

For more information

Methodological notes 

  • ICT specialists: people who have the ability to develop, operate and maintain ICT systems and for whom ICT constitutes the main part of their job.
  • ICT specialists’ statistics are derived from Labour Force Survey statistics.
  • As of 2021, as a consequence of implementing the new regulation on Integrated European Social Statistics, definitions differ in Spain and France: see the source data (Labour Force Survey) metadata for more details. 
  • Malta: data for women have low reliability.

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