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Down to 2.5% in the EU

Overview

The euro area annual inflation rate was 2.2% in March 2025, down from 2.3% in February. A year earlier, the rate was 2.4%. European Union annual inflation was 2.5% in March 2025, down from 2.7% in February. A year earlier, the rate was 2.6%. These figures are published by Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union.

The lowest annual rates were registered in France (0.9%), Denmark (1.4%) and Luxembourg (1.5%). The highest annual rates were recorded in Romania (5.1%), Hungary (4.8%) and Poland (4.4%). Compared with February 2025, annual inflation fell in sixteen Member States, remained stable in one and rose in ten.

In March 2025, the highest contribution to the annual euro area inflation rate came from services (+1.56 percentage points, pp), followed by food, alcohol & tobacco (+0.57 pp), non-energy industrial goods (+0.16 pp) and energy (-0.10 pp).

Annual inflation rates (%) in March 2025

Inflation rates (%) measured by the HICP

 

Annual rate

Monthly rate

Mar 24

Oct 24

Nov 24

Dec 24

Jan 25

Feb 25

Mar 25

Mar 25

Euro area

2.4

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.5

2.3

2.2

0.6

EU

2.6

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.8

2.7

2.5

0.5

Belgium

3.8

4.5

4.8

4.4

4.4

4.4

3.6

-0.4

Bulgaria

3.1

2.0

2.0

2.1

3.8

3.9

4.0

0.3

Czechia

2.2

3.0

3.1

3.3

2.9

2.8

2.7

0.1

Denmark

0.8

1.6

1.6

1.8

1.4

2.0

1.4

-0.6

Germany

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.8

2.8

2.6

2.3

0.4

Estonia

4.1

4.5

3.8

4.1

3.8

5.1

4.3

-0.3

Ireland

1.7

0.1

0.5

1.0

1.7

1.4

1.8

0.7

Greece

3.4

3.1

3.0

2.9

3.1

3.0

3.1

1.9

Spain

3.3

1.8

2.4

2.8

2.9

2.9

2.2

0.7

France

2.4

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.8

0.9

0.9

0.2

Croatia

4.9

3.6

4.0

4.5

5.0

4.8

4.3

0.4

Italy

1.2

1.0

1.5

1.4

1.7

1.7

2.1

1.6

Cyprus

1.6

1.6

2.2

3.1

2.9

2.3

2.1

0.5

Latvia

1.0

2.1

2.3

3.4

3.1

3.7

3.5

0.9

Lithuania

0.4

0.1

1.1

1.9

3.4

3.2

3.7

0.4

Luxembourg

3.2

0.9

1.1

1.6

2.4

1.9

1.5

-0.1

Hungary

3.6

3.4

3.9

4.8

5.7

5.7

4.8

0.0

Malta

2.7

2.4

2.1

1.8

1.8

2.0

2.1

1.1

Netherlands

3.1

3.3

3.8

3.9

3.0

3.5

3.4

0.5

Austria

4.1

1.8

1.9

2.1

3.4

3.4

3.1

0.3

Poland

2.7

4.2

3.9

3.9

4.3

4.3

4.4

0.3

Portugal

2.6

2.6

2.7

3.1

2.7

2.5

1.9

1.7

Romania

6.7

5.0

5.4

5.5

5.3

5.2

5.1

0.3

Slovenia

3.4

0.0

1.6

2.0

2.3

1.9

2.2

0.8

Slovakia

2.7

3.5

3.6

3.2

4.2

4.1

4.2

0.3

Finland

0.6

1.5

1.7

1.6

1.7

1.5

1.8

0.1

Sweden

2.3

1.6

2.0

1.6

2.0

2.8

2.1

-0.6

Iceland

5.1

3.7

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.4

3.4

0.5

Norway

3.6

2.2

1.9

1.7

1.9

3.3

2.3

-0.8

Switzerland

1.1

0.7

0.7

0.4

0.2

0.1

0.1

-0.1

Annual inflation rates (%)

Tables

Euro area inflation rate (%), selected aggregates

Weights (‰)

Annual rate

Monthly rate

2025

Mar 24

Oct 24

Nov 24

Dec 24

Jan 25

Feb 25

Mar 25

Mar 25

All-items HICP

1000.0

2.4

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.5

2.3

2.2

0.6

All-items excluding:

energy

906.0

2.9

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

0.8

energy, unprocessed food

863.4

3.1

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.5

0.8

energy, food, alcohol & tobacco

712.8

2.9

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.4

1.0

energy, seasonal food

881.7

3.0

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.5

0.8

tobacco

978.5

2.3

1.9

2.1

2.3

2.4

2.2

2.1

0.6

Food, alcohol & tobacco

193.3

2.6

2.9

2.7

2.6

2.3

2.7

2.9

0.3

processed food, alcohol & tobacco

150.6

3.5

2.8

2.8

2.9

2.6

2.6

2.6

0.2

unprocessed food

42.7

-0.5

3.0

2.3

1.6

1.4

3.0

4.2

0.5

Energy

94.0

-1.8

-4.6

-2.0

0.1

1.9

0.2

-1.0

-1.4

Non-energy industrial goods

256.3

1.1

0.5

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.6

1.9

Services

456.5

4.0

4.0

3.9

4.0

3.9

3.7

3.5

0.4

Contributions to the euro area annual inflation rate (pp),
selected aggregates

Mar 24

Oct 24

Nov 24

Dec 24

Jan 25

Feb 25

Mar 25

Food, alcohol & tobacco

0.53

0.56

0.53

0.51

0.45

0.52

0.57

processed food, alcohol & tobacco

0.55

0.43

0.43

0.44

0.39

0.39

0.39

unprocessed food

-0.02

0.13

0.10

0.07

0.06

0.13

0.18

Energy

-0.16

-0.45

-0.19

0.01

0.18

0.01

-0.10

Non-energy industrial goods

0.30

0.13

0.17

0.13

0.12

0.14

0.16

Services

1.76

1.77

1.74

1.78

1.77

1.66

1.56

Notes for users

Revisions and timetable

A flash estimate of euro area inflation is issued at the end of each reference month. The euro area flash estimate for March 2025, published on 1 April 2025, was 2.2%.

The next flash estimate of euro area inflation with data for April 2025 is scheduled for 2 May 2025.

Methods and definitions

Annual inflation is the change of the price level of consumer goods and services between the current month and the same month of the previous year. Monthly inflation is the change of the price level between the current month and the previous month.

A contribution shows how much of the annual inflation rate comes from a particular component of the HICP. The contributions are calculated according to a method which ensures their additivity (allowing for rounding).

Geographical information

The euro area consists of Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia and Finland.

The European Union includes Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland and Sweden.

The euro area and European Union data refer to the respective country compositions at a specific point in time. Changes in the composition of these aggregates are incorporated using a chain index formula.

For more information

Get in touch

Media requests

Eurostat Media Support

Phone: (+352) 4301 33 408

E-mail: eurostat-mediasupport@ec.europa.eu

Further information on data

E-mail: estat-hicp@ec.europa.eu

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