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In 2024, non-EU citizens accounted for 22.2% of part-time work in total employment in the EU and EU citizens residing in another EU country made up 20.8%. Both categories had higher shares than EU nationals residing in their country, which stood at 16.6%. 

Between 2014 and 2024, EU nationals consistently registered the lowest shares of part-time employment. From 2014 onwards, the share of part-time employment in total employment showed a downward trend in all 3 categories, particularly among non-EU citizens, whose levels have narrowed towards those of EU citizens residing in another EU country. 

Share of part-time employment in total employment in the EU, by citizenship, 2014-2024 (%, people 20-64 years old). Timeline. Link to full dataset below.

Source dataset: lfsa_eppgan

Regardless of citizenship, at the EU level, women had higher shares of part-time employment than men. In 2024, the biggest gap between women and men was registered among citizens of another EU country, where 35.8% of employed women work part-time compared with 7.9% of men. 

For women from non-EU countries, 36.8% were employed part-time, whereas for men, that share was significantly lower at 11.8%. Among nationals of a reporting country, 27.0% women and 7.4% men were employed part-time respectively. 

Part-time workers in the EU by citizenship, 2024 (% of total employment, by sex, 20-64 years old). Bar chart. link to full dataset below.

Source dataset: lfsa_eppgan

For more information

Methodological notes

  • Individuals are classified by citizenship as either nationals or non-nationals of the country in which they reside (reporting country). Non-nationals are further divided into 2 groups: those who hold the citizenship of another EU country and those who hold the citizenship of a non-EU country.
  • For more information on how EU aggregates are computed and on the comparability of data across countries and over time, please refer to the article on the EU labour force survey – data and publication, in particular the sections “publication guidelines and thresholds” and “comparability over time and across countries.”
  • This article uses labour force survey (EU-LFS) data focusing on the age group 20-64 years. This age group is the focus of employment analyses in the Action Plan on Integration and Inclusion 2021–2027.

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