Publication

Gender inequality differs from gender gaps in important ways, and this has important policy implications. However, the literature often equates gender inequality with gender gaps and use them interchangeably. This paper defines gender gaps as the observed differences between men and women or between boys and girls in the various social and economic indicators, and gender inequality refers to the part of gender gaps that are driven by gender bias and unequal gender rights and opportunities

The purpose of this paper is to also highlight the ongoing migration crisis in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) due to Venezuela’s economic collapse. The stock of Venezuelan migrants reached 5 million in 2019, most of which had settled in other LAC countries. Following a temporary halt during the pandemic, migration from Venezuela has resumed, with the stock of migrants reaching 6.1 million in 2021.

The present report, formerly International Debt Statistics, is a longstanding annual publication featuring external debt statistics and analysis for the 121 low- and middle-income countries that report to the World Bank Debtor Reporting System (DRS).

The current global energy crisis brings both new opportunities and new challenges for renewable energy. The present report provides analysis on the new policies introduced in response to the energy crisis. This year’s report frames current policy and market dynamics while placing the recent rise in energy prices and energy security challenges in context.

This 15th edition of the Latin American Economic Outlook explores options for the region to recast its production models, transform its energy matrix and create better jobs in the process. It argues that, for this transition to be just, stronger social-protection systems and open dialogue must help build new, sustainable social contracts. In support of this ambitious agenda, the report presents an array of financing options, including green finance, and advocates for renewed international partnerships.

En un contexto de débil recuperación económica, América Latina y el Caribe recibió 142.794 millones de dólares de inversión extranjera directa (IED) en 2021, un 40,7% más que en 2020, pero este crecimiento no fue suficiente para alcanzar los niveles previos a la pandemia,

The climate change – inequality nexus has become an increasingly important concept advanced by inequality and sustainability experts as well as international organisations like the United Nations. In this perspective paper, two arguments are made to further our understanding of the nexus and to promote action on SDG 10 (”Reducing inequalities within and among countries”) and SDG 13 (”Climate action”).

The European Union Circular Economy Action Plan (EU-CEAP) is key to transitioning to a circular economy and climate neutrality under the EU Green Deal, with developing and emerging countries playing an important role.

Scientific evidence is clear, alarming and disappointing. Despite of a growing number of protected areas and market-based instruments biodiversity dropped worldwide by 68% since 1970. Yet, infinite economic growth remains the dominant paradigm despite of devastating impacts on ecosystems. The losses occur elsewhere and remain mostly invisible to us.

Current global crises are complex. Tackling issues separately or in sequence will be futile. Transformation can happen only when multiple issues are tackled at the same time. To help do so, this study investigates how aspects of SDG 16 that are considered critical features of governance institutions – transparency, accountability and inclusion – help or hinder progress on key dimensions of SDG 1 on poverty and SDG 10 on inequality.

Partner country (PC) selection lies in the centre of development policy decision-making of donor countries and institutions, and plays a significant role in shaping aid patterns. This paper proposes a comprehensive analysis contrasting donor intentions in PC selection with actual aid flows, having analysed selected members of the Development Assistance Committee of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, namely, the European Union, France, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.

This book provides a collection of insightful conceptual and empirical works that situate transport and mobility challenges in the unique context of individual countries and cities while highlighting commonalities across the African continent. Written from an interdisciplinary perspective, the book covers important themes in transport and mobility including the links between urbanization, urban structure, and accessibility; transport equity and poverty, non-motorized transport, public transport, and the challenges and opportunities of new and emerging transport technologies, and ICT-mediated mobility solutions.

At last year’s United Nations Conference on Climate Change (COP26), 141 leaders committed to halt and reverse forest loss and degradation by 2030. Forests, particularly tropical ones, are known to play a crucial role in removing carbon from the atmosphere, partially offsetting the effect of greenhouse gas emissions.

New challenges are emerging in developing countries, and are acute in more fragile countries. In recent years, the challenges of growth and development have amplified, bringing new challenges to light. Providing countries with the necessary capacities to provide structured and sustainable responses to these challenges is one of the priorities in development forums today.

The Yearbook on the African Union is first and foremost an academic project that will provide in-depth evaluation and analysis of the institution, its processes, and its engagements. Despite the increased agency in recent years of the African Union in general, and the African Union Commission in particular, little is known – outside expert policy or niche academic circles – about the Union’s activities. This is the gap this book wants to systematically address. It seeks to be a reference point for in-depth research, evidence-based policy-making and decision-making.

This policy brief reflects on the tenure of the first cohort of African Youth Ambassadors for Peace. Youth ambassadors are integral to the acknowledgement, support and promotion of young people’s contribution, policymakers need to enhance their working relations with Africa’s youth ambassadors.

This paper discusses how development thinking around threats and consequent crises—sudden sharp or severe disruptions in development paths—has in various ways often been inhibited and inadequate.

More than a decade after Muammar Gaddafi’s fall, Libya’s security sector can best be described as dysfunctional. Libya counts a myriad of armed groups that vie for power and influence, the state lost the monopoly on the use of force long ago, and police and security organisations are more often than not poorly managed. Various efforts have been made to improve the security architecture in Libya – including by the European Union (EU).

One aim of COP27 was to persuade countries to make commitments to reduce emissions and earmark resources for technologies to be transferred from industrialized states to less developed states. Hovering over the COP27 was the reluctance of wealthy states to live up to their 2009 commitment to provide $100 billion to poor countries, financial assistance for adaptation, and more compensation for what the Paris Agreement termed “loss and damage,” that is recompense for destruction already wrought by climate change.

The EU seeks to engage more actively with the private sector in the Global Strategy. Mobilising the private sector takes many forms. The EU engages the private sector in public-private policy dialogues to improve the business environment in development and foster conducive investment policies and strategies. It can also support business development and micro, small and medium-sized enterprises.