Construction production (volume) index overview

Data extracted in October 2025.

Planned article update: October 2026.

Highlights

Source: Eurostat (sts_copr_m)

The production index for construction is a business cycle indicator which measures monthly changes in the price adjusted output of construction. The construction production index corresponds to the industrial production index but covers NACE section F.

Please also see the monthly Eurostat News Release from 19 February 2026.

Construction output in Europe

Following the economic and financial crisis 2008/2009, construction production in the EU had been on a steady downturn until the year 2013. After about 2 years of stagnation, the construction index began to climb again for the next years. In March and April 2020, the index declined dramatically and lost more than 25 percentage points (pp) in just 2 months. In May 2020 a recovery set in, yet, construction production only regained its pre-COVID-19 level about a year and a half later. The development in the euro area is quite similar to the development of the EU (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Construction production, EU, 2015-2025
Source: Eurostat (sts_copr_m)

There are some noticeable differences between the development of the construction of buildings (residential and non-residential), the development of civil engineering works (e.g. railways, roads, bridges, airport runways, dams) and the development of other specialised construction works. When building construction and specialised activities picked up in the years 2015-2017, civil engineering was still on a downward path. Over recent years however, civil engineering developed in a comparatively dynamical way (Figure 2).

Figure 2: Construction production per type of construction, EU, 2015-2025
Source: Eurostat (sts_copr_m)

Mainly as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting containment measures, construction activities dropped massively in 2020 (-5.6% in the EU and -6.4% in the euro area). A large majority of countries registered a negative rate of change. Some countries however, increased activities during the year of the pandemic, i.e. Denmark, Germany, Croatia, Latvia, Malta, and Sweden. In Romania construction activities even increased by 16%.

During the years, 2021-2023, construction production developed relatively dynamically (in total more than 8% increase in the EU and the euro area). The production increases were particularly strong in Italy (more than 60%) and in Slovenia (45%). Quite a number of countries however, registered a decline in construction activities, i.e. Germany, Spain, Latvia, Slovakia, Finland, and Sweden (Table 1).

Table showing percentage annual rates of change for total construction in the EU, euro area, individual EU Member States, some EFTA countries and some candidate countries for the years 2020 to 2024. For more details please use the link to the source dataset code below the image.

Table 1: Annual rates of change for total construction, EU, 2020-2024
Source: Eurostat (sts_coprgr_a)

Table 2 provides a breakdown of the total construction into building construction, civil engineering work, and specialised construction activities for the recent 3 years. While in 2022 the EU, the euro area and quite a number of countries still displayed a positive growth (sometimes even with large two-digit growth rates) of building construction the development in 2023 and even more so in 2024 was characterised by negative rates of change. The development of civil engineering was higher in 2023 than in 2022 but then slowed down in 2024. Rates for specialised activities showed a similar development to building construction.

Table 2: Construction of buildings, civil engineering, and specialised activities, EU, 2022-2024
Source: Eurostat (sts_coprgr_a)

Source data for tables and graphs

Construction production (volume) index overview: tables and figures

Data sources

The obligation to transmit construction production data to Eurostat is laid down in Regulation (EU) No 2019/2152 of 27 November 2019 (European Business Statistics Regulation) and in the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020. Like the industrial production index the construction production index is intended to reflect the monthly volume value added of the construction sector. This variable is however not directly observable and must therefore be approximated by other measures such as deflated gross production or input of labour and raw materials.

Eurostat publishes, on a monthly basis, the construction production index for the EU, for the euro area and the Member States; data are also collected for Norway, Switzerland, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Albania, Serbia, and Türkiye. Data are presented in calendar adjusted/working-day adjusted and in seasonally adjusted form. Rates of change are also available. The data in this article were calculated with the base year 2021 (2021 = 100).

Context

The EU construction sector accounts for more than 5 % of (gross) value added. Although the relative share of construction in Europe's economic activity has declined over recent years, construction is still of high importance for European economies. The indices for the development of construction output is therefore an important tool for the European Central Bank and the national central banks for monitoring and analysing economic developments. Production in construction is one of the so-called 'Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEI)' which are used to monitor and steer economic policy in the EU and in the euro area.

Explore further

Database

Short-term business statistics (sts), see:

Construction, building and civil engineering (sts_cons)

Production in construction (sts_cons_pro)

Thematic section

Short-term business statistics

Publications

All Short-term business statistics publications

Methodology

Selected datasets

Short-term business statistics (t_sts), see:

Construction, building and civil engineering (NACE F) (t_sts_cons)

Production in construction (teiis500)