Statistics Explained

Archive:EU energy mix and import dependency

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Data extracted on 4 March 2022

Planned article update: February 2023

Highlights


In 2020, energy imports from Russia were 24.5% of total EU's energy needs.

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Figure 1: EU27 imports from Russia, all energy
Source: Eurostat

Russia is the most important trading partner of the EU for imports of natural gas, oil and hard coal. This SE article presents the EU’s energy supply exposure to the imports from Russia.



Full article


Natural gas

The reliance of the European Union on Russian natural gas has increased over the last decade. Natural gas consumption in the EU remained broadly flat over this period, but production fell by a third and the gap has been filled by increased imports. On average, the EU relies on Russia for XX% of its natural gas imports.

Figure 2: EU27 imports from Russia, natural gas
Source: Eurostat

Oil

Russia is the world’s third largest oil producer after the United States of America and Saudi Arabia. Russia is the world’s largest exporter of oil (crude oil + petroleum products). On average, the EU relies on Russia for XX% of its oil imports.

Figure 3: EU27 imports from Russia, oil
Source: Eurostat

Coal

On average, the EU relies on Russia for XX% of its hard coal imports.

Figure 4: EU27 imports from Russia, coal
Source: Eurostat


Glossary, concepts and methodology notes

"Coal = Anthracite + Coking coal + Other bituminous coal + Sub-bituminous coal + Lignite + Coke oven coke + Patent fuel + Brown coal briquettes + Coal tar + Peat + Peat products + Oil shale and oil sands " "Oil = Crude oil + Natural gas liquids + Refinery feedstocks + Additives and oxygenates (excluding biofuel portion) + Other hydrocarbons + Refinery gas + Ethane + Liquefied petroleum gases + Naphtha + Aviation gasoline + Motor gasoline (excluding biofuel portion) + Gasoline-type jet fuel + Kerosene-type jet fuel (excluding biofuel portion) + Other kerosene + Gas oil and diesel oil (excluding biofuel portion) + Fuel oil + White spirit and special boiling point industrial spirits + Lubricants + Paraffin waxes + Petroleum coke + Bitumen + Other oil products n.e.c. " "Renewables = Hydro + Geothermal + Wind + Solar thermal + Solar photovoltaic + Tide, wave, ocean + Ambient heat (heat pumps) + Primary solid biofuels + Charcoal + Pure biogasoline + Blended biogasoline + Pure biodiesels + Blended biodiesels + Pure bio jet kerosene + Blended bio jet kerosene + Other liquid biofuels + Biogases + Renewable municipal waste " "Total = Natural gas + Oil + Coal + Nuclear + Renewables + Industrial waste (non-renewable) + Non-renewable municipal waste + Electricity + Heat "




Source data for tables and graphs

Data sources

<description of data sources, survey and data availability (completeness, recency) and limitations>

Context

<context of data collection and statistical results: policy background, uses of data> Having a secure supply of energy is crucial for the well-being of European citizens and the economy. The EU works to ensure that energy supplies are uninterrupted and energy prices remain stable.

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Tables
Database
Dedicated section
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Methodology
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Main tables

Gross available energy by product (ten00121)

Database

Energy statistics - quantities, annual data (nrg_quant)
Energy balances (nrg_bal)
Complete energy balances (nrg_bal_c)
Energy indicators (nrg_ind)
Energy imports dependency (nrg_ind_id)
Trade by partner country (nrg_t)
Imports (nrg_ti)
Imports of solid fossil fuels by partner country (nrg_ti_sff)
Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country (nrg_ti_oil)
Imports of natural gas by partner country (nrg_ti_gas)
Imports of biofuels by partner country (nrg_ti_bio)
Imports of electricity and derived heat by partner country (nrg_ti_eh)
International trade in goods - aggregated data (ext_go_agg)
International trade in goods - long-term indicators (ext_go_lti)
International trade in goods - short-term indicators (ext_go_sti)
International trade in goods - detailed data (detail)

Notes

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