“Underwater interventions are risky and costly for the offshore oil and gas sector,” explains DEXROV project coordinator Jeremi Gancet from Space Applications Services in Belgium. “Divers are often needed to carry out repair and maintenance as current robotic operating platforms lack the dexterity of humans, and when underwater robots are used you need humans on site (such as on an oil rig) or on a vessel to coordinate and supervise operations. Employing people who must work away from home in harsh conditions is risky and expensive.”

How both industry and research stand to benefit

The three-and-a-half-year DEXROV project, which got underway in March 2015, aims to limit underwater human interventions as much as possible through the development of a dextrous robot, controllable from shore. In addition to the cost and risk involved, there is a limit to how deep human divers can go. A dextrous automated robot capable of descending much further would therefore open up new operational possibilities.

“We are developing dextrous clamps with three fingers, which will make robotic operations closer to human capabilities,” explains Gancet. “For onshore, we are developing exoskeleton systems to enable humans to get a ‘feel’ for what the robot is doing, so that underwater robots can be operated intuitively by experts on land. These commands will then be conveyed to the underwater robot, which could be thousands of kilometres away.”

The main end-user of the technology is expected to be the offshore oil and gas sector, although Gancet also believes that offshore renewable operators – such as windfarms and tidal power stations – will also be interested. “Underwater geological and archaeological research could also benefit as human divers are limited to depths of around 100m,” says Gancet. “The DEXROV project could really bring added value here as well.”

Remote demonstration project planned

DEXROV has organised a number of coordination meetings with project partners and scientific advisers in order to identify priorities, capabilities and potential opportunities. The project’s kick-off meeting in Marseilles involved an expedition to a wreckage site just off the coast, where consortium partners were able to see an ROV (remotely operated vehicle) in action and evaluate the current state of ROV operations up close.

“An advisory board that recently met in September involved a NASA representative discussing their experiences with Mars rovers,” adds Gancet. “Controlling a dextrous underwater robot from afar involves significant challenges such as satellite link delays and the need to ensure communication continuity. We intend to leverage NASA’s experience and transfer our own space expertise regarding technologies used for space crafts in order to further develop our ideas.”

Once the technology is fully developed, a major demonstration of the robotic operating solution will be carried out to depths of up to 1 300m off the coast of Marseilles and controlled from Brussels, Belgium. “We will demonstrate, on a deep-sea mock-up, the challenging scenarios that industry is likely to face and invite industry representatives to see for themselves,” says Gancet. “The eventual aim is to bring the innovation to market. To achieve this, a project follow-up board will continue investigating the potential of DEXROV’s results after formal completion of the project in September 2018.”