The Minamata Convention's Conference of the Parties (COP-5) adopted 23 decisions aimed at safeguarding human health and the environment from the adverse impacts of mercury.

Among the decisions, the COP highlighted the importance of involving Indigenous Peoples and local communities in project implementation. This particularly pertained to efforts in reducing mercury use in artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM). The COP also encouraged the protection of traditional livelihoods and cultural practices in ASGM, urging actions in National Action Plans.

Parties decided to amend Annex A to the Convention, specifying new phase-out dates for certain batteries, switches, relays, and fluorescent lamps. They also introduced a requirement to expedite the phase-down of dental amalgam and banned mercury in cosmetics from 2025. Additionally, Annex B was amended to include a 2025 phase-out date for polyurethane production using mercury catalysts.

Technical decisions included decisions on guidance adoption for controlling mercury releases to land and water, continued efforts to control mercury emissions to the atmosphere, and establishing a 15 mg/kg total concentration threshold for mercury-contaminated wastes. A group was set up to develop the first report evaluating the Convention's effectiveness, while efforts were made to reduce mercury supply sources and trade.

The second review of the Convention's financial mechanism was completed, highlighting the need for capacity-building, technical assistance, and technology transfer. Delegates unanimously adopted a gender action plan and a digital strategy for the Secretariat. Amendments to the national reporting format were made based on recommendations from the Implementation and Compliance Committee.

Partner organisations and observers showcased collaborative efforts, with the COP welcoming the Secretariat's observer status at UN Climate Change Conferences and supporting the Global Framework on Chemicals. The COP encouraged integrated action on mercury reduction and biodiversity following the adoption of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

Throughout COP-5, various activities were coordinated with the Geneva Environment Network, including a screening of the Minamata movie, reflections on the Convention's tenth anniversary, and discussions on harmful skin-lightening practices. Delegates demonstrated commitment to completing the ambitious agenda, adopting 23 decisions as evidence of their dedication to addressing mercury pollution.

More information:

• Fifth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Minamata Convention on Mercury (COP-5) website