Establishing protected areas (PAs) is important for the conservation of species, but more data is needed on their effectiveness. Drawing on a large data set from previous observational studies worldwide, new research indicates that protected fragments of forest can be successful for bird conservation, however, their size is the most important factor – rather than the level of protection. Additionally, protection need not be limited to pristine areas, as ‘moderate protection’ – with some human activity permitted – is also worthwhile in areas over 175 hectares. Click here to read more