Ensuring that large carnivore monitoring is reproducible, repeatable and transparent is key to ensuring that the results are trusted. Until now, it was difficult to discuss the opportunities for a large carnivore monitoring programme across the Carpathian arch as we were unaware of the methodology used in an area ranging from the Czech Republic to Ukraine.  National reports on large carnivore monitoring were often published in local languages – if published at all. For this reason, the Secretariat of the Carpathian Convention and the International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation commissioned BOKU (University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna), led by Klaus Hackländer to compile an overview of ongoing monitoring practices. The main aim of the resulting publication describes the monitoring methodology of all Carpathian countries for the first time in English.