The IUCN Specialist Group, the Large Carnivore Initiative for Europe (LCIE), has updated the figures on large carnivore populations and ranges across Europe for the period 2012-16. The estimates are based on a questionnaire distributed to a network of researchers, wildlife managers and environmentalists working on large carnivore management, including the LCIE members themselves and other experts. The questionnaire was supplemented by peer reviewed publications and technical reports. The new information is available per species on the LCIE website.