The seventh quarterly report in the Climate Change Modelling Information series is now available. This issue of the report sets an emphasis on methane emissions and emissions reduction options, hard-to-abate sectors, in addition to the regular sections on implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions and Mid-century strategies. Click on the "more" button below to access the full summary of the report.

Section 1 – Methane emissions and emissions reduction options

The first section of the report features different studies on modelling methane emissions and emissions reduction options linked to climate change. Researchers from New Zealand represented a methane-reducing technology for livestock, while in Canada researchers analysed emissions from manure considering the type of management and the region. The section also features a review from the USA on the advancements on emissions from the permafrost and a study focusing on methane emissions from the natural gas industry.

Section 2 – Hard-to-abate sectors

The second section focuses instead on hard-to-abate sectors, featuring emissions reduction option from ship engines in a study led by researchers from Finland, as well as on the steel industry in China in the context of achieving carbon neutrality in a research led by China. Also clean hydrogen is explored in a study led by the USA, as a way to break the Chinese bottleneck to carbon neutrality.

Section 3 – Mid-century strategies

An overview of developments linked to mid-century strategies is reported in the third section, featuring a study from the Netherlands which models the North Sea energy system in 2050, another one from France, focusing on hydrogen and the energy system in Europe in 2050, and another one which combines the energy system and road freight in Norway.

Section 4 – Nationally Determined Contributions

In the last section, the report features research linked to Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), featuring a study from Indonesia on the role of international climate finance towards the achievement of the NDCs, highlighting the importance of strengthening green-bonds and non-public finance also domestically; another study from China analyses the ambition of updated NDC, suggesting that developed Parties should take the lead in further ratcheting up the NDCs while increasing financial and technological support to developing countries to close the gap to 1.5 °C. Finally, research led by modellers in Italy explores the impact of the Glasgow commitments towards the achievement of the Paris Agreement, finding that major economies with the Glasgow net-zero pledges will need substantial increase investments in electric transport and power generation to meet the Paris goals.