The publication introduces, for the first time, an overview of regional indicators concerning the aquaculture sector in Mediterranean and Black Sea countries. The primary objective is to offer valuable and reliable data to a diverse audience, serving as a crucial information source on fisheries and aquaculture in the region. It is also a key tool for decision-making and monitoring progress toward the goals set by the GFCM. The fifth installment of this series covers topics of regional importance in the fisheries and aquaculture sectors across seven chapters. The initial two chapters focus on fleet status and capture fisheries production, including data on fishing capacity and landings by country and fleet segment. Chapter three sheds light on the human dimension of the region's fisheries, presenting socioeconomic data on revenue and employment. Chapter four provides updated information on discards, categorizing them for the main fishing fleets in each GFCM subregion, along with details on the species comprising this significant component of the catch. Chapter five reviews the status of fisheries resources, emphasizing regional trends and trends in priority species, while chapter seven summarizes existing and newly adopted measures aimed at the sustainability of key fisheries and the protection of vulnerable ecosystems. Notably, chapter six introduces aquaculture, describing it in terms of volume and socioeconomic indicators.