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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Statistics Norway |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Division for business dynamics statistics |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Statistisk sentralbyrå Norway |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 21/03/2024 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 21/03/2024 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 21/03/2024 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
Data on the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) usage and e-commerce in enterprises are survey data. They are collected by the National Statistical Institutes or Ministries and are in principle based on Eurostat's annual model questionnaires on ICT usage and e-commerce in enterprises. Large part of the data collected is used to measure the progress in the implementation of one of the main political priorities of the European Commission for 2019 to 2024 – A Europe fit for the digital age. Part of this is the "European strategy for data", envisioning a single market for data to ensure the EU's global competitiveness and data sovereignty, in which context a comprehensive set of new rules for all digital services was proposed: the Digital Services Act and the Digital Markets Act, which are centrepieces of the EU digital strategy. Furthermore, the Commission and the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy presented a new “EU cybersecurity strategy”, which is intended to bolster the EU's collective resilience against cyber threats, safeguard a global and open internet and protect EU values and the fundamental rights of its people. Furthermore, data will allow monitoring the progress towards A Europe fit for the digital age, one of the six priorities for the period 2019-2024 of the von der Leyen European Commission. The aim of the European survey on ICT usage and e-commerce in enterprises is to collect and disseminate harmonised and comparable information at European level.
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3.2. Classification system | |||
3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
All economic activities in the scope of Annex I of the Commission Regulation are intended to be included in the general survey, covering enterprises with 10 or more employees and self-employed persons. These activities are: NACE Rev. 2 sections C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, L, M and N, division 95.1. For micro-enterprises see the sub-concepts below. |
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3.3.1. Coverage-sector economic activity for micro-enterprises - All NACE Rev. 2 categories are covered | |||
3.3.2. Coverage sector economic activity for micro-enterprises - If not all activities were covered, which ones were covered? | |||
Micro-enterprises is not included in the survey. |
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
The model questionnaire on ICT usage and e-commerce in enterprises provides a large variety of variables covering among others the following areas: - Access to and use of the Internet - E-commerce and e-business - Use of cloud computing services - Artificial Intelligence - Other topics: Data utilisation, sharing, analytics and trading, Invoicing. The annual model questionnaires and the European businesses statistics compliers’ manual for ICT usage and e-commerce in enterprises comprise definitions and explanations regarding the topics of the survey. |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
Enterprises |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
Target Population As required by Annex of the Commission Implementing Regulation, enterprises with 10 or more employees and self-employed persons shall be covered by the survey. For micro-enterprises see the sub-concepts below. |
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3.6.1. Coverage of micro-enterprises | |||
No | |||
3.6.2. Breakdown between size classes [0 to 1] and [2 to 9] | |||
No | |||
3.6.3. If for micro-enterprises different size delimitation was used, please indicate it. | |||
Not applicable |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
All the territory of the mainland country was included in the population. In other words, the survey covered all the counties in Norway. However, the islands Svalbard, Bjørnøya and Jan Mayen were not included. Neither was the Continental shelf included. The percentage of the target population not covered was 0.05. Data for a specific set of variables were delivered on NUTS 2 regional level. |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
Years 2022 and 2023 |
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3.9. Base period | |||
Not applicable |
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Percentages of enterprises, Percentages of turnover, Percentages of employees and self-employed persons. Million euro. |
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The reference periods defined in the 2023 model questionnaire for the variables were followed in the national survey. |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
Complementary national legislation constituting the legal basis for the survey on the use of ICT in enterprises: THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Complementary national legislation constituting the legal basis for the survey on the use of ICT in enterprises: The Norwegian Statistics Act (LOV-2019-06-21-32) § 10, 20 |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
The NSI usually receive request from UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and OECD to provide some ICT-indicators in the previous years. The requested data are in accordance with the core list of ICT indicators composed by OECD and proposed by the Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development and endorsed by the United Nations Statistical Commission. We expect and intend to continue sharing data with OECD and UNCTAD. |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics (recital 24 and Article 20(4)) of 11 March 2009 (OJ L 87, p. 164), stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society. At national level : The general rule is that no information shall be published in such a way that it may be traced back to identifiable units. Exceptions can be made but under no circumstances shall unit information be published to the unreasonable detriment of the unit. In addition to European legislation and international Code of Practice, The Statistics Act § 7. The Statistics Act § 7. Statistical confidentiality in the dissemination of official statistics requires that Statistics Norway does not publish statistics in a manner that allows statistical information to be traced back to individuals or other types of statistical units. |
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
Data are transmitted via eDamis (encrypted) and delivered to a secure environment where they are treated. Flags are added for confidentiality in case results must not be disclosed. At national level : Confidentiality can be ensured by using coarser categories, by suppression (hiding values) or by perturbation (changing values). Suppression means that some values are not published and are instead replaced by a colon. In addition to the values one wishes to protect via suppression, several other values in the table must be so-called secondary suppressed to prevent the possibility of recalculation from other published values (aggregates). When applying perturbation, the published value may deviate from the real value. Several methods can be used, including rounding and noise addition. The general rule is that information about smaller groups than those containing three units or groups completely dominated by one or two units will not be published. This has not been considered a problem for the national publishing. In case if any breakdowns that consist of less than three units or consist of one dominant unit, all of the aggregates will be flagged with C in the CONF_STATUS in the finalized dataset, before the data transmission to Eurostat. Moreover, in the annex of the the selected indicators for calculation of standard error, all of the variables that are related to the breakdowns will be flagged with C as well. The breakdowns will not be released due to the confidential issue. |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
There is a release calendar for national publishing. The release date for the ICT ENT 2023, 22/09/2023, was updated in first quarter 2023 and it is publicly accessible. |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
Hyperlink to the NSI calendar for all publication: Upcoming releases and publications – SSB The release date in the website to the ICT ENT: ICT usage in enterprises – SSB |
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8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
The general data release policy of the organisation is that no external users have access to the statistics and analyses before they are published and accessible simultaneously for all users on ssb.no at 8 am. Prior to this, a minimum of three months' advance notice is given in the NSI statistics release calendar. The main principles of Statistics Norway’s communication and dissemination are transparency, accessibility, comprehensibility, independence and confidentiality. Please click on the link below for more information about the main principles: |
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Annual |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
National dissemination of the news article, released 22th September 2023 by Statistics Norway: |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
National dissemination of results, released 22th September 2023 by Statistics Norway: |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
See detailed section 10.3.1. |
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10.3.1. Data tables - consultations | |||
Results for selected variables collected in the framework of this survey are available for all participating countries on Digital economy and society of Eurostat website. At national level : National data tables/databases: ICT usage in enterprises ICT usage in enterprises. Statbank Norway (ssb.no)
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Description of national rules and procedures for microdata access: |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
Not requested |
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10.5.1. Metadata - consultations | |||
Not requested |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
The main methodological documents used for the survey is the Methodological Manual provided by Eurostat. For the description of national statistics regarding metadata, methodology, summary, etc., please click on the attached link (see the details in "About the statistics"): |
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10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate | |||
Not requested |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
Please see the description of quality management in the 11.2 Quality management - assessment |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
The European businesses statistics compliers’ manual for ICT usage and e-commerce in enterprises provides guidelines and standards for the implementation of the surveys. It is updated every year according to the changed contents of the model questionnaires. At national level : According to the letter of allocation, Statistics Norway shall oversee the monitoring of compliance with the requirements for quality in official statistics and establish a system for following this up. The statistics programme identifies 12 producers of statistics, all of which are involved in the quality assurance work. In consultation with the Committee for Official Statistics, Statistics Norway shall establish a quality system in the first half of 2021 to ensure that work on quality assurance can start in the second half of the year. An initial report on the quality of official statistics shall be submitted to the Ministry in the first half of 2022. This memo describes a proposal for a quality system for official statistics. The system consists of four general elements:
For more information, please click on the link to the documentation below: |
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
European level : At European level, the recommended use of the annual Eurostat model questionnaire aims at improving comparability of the results among the countries that conduct the survey on ICT usage and e-commerce in enterprises. Moreover, the Methodological Manual provides guidelines and clarifications for the implementation of the surveys. National level : Official statistics of Statistics Norway are produced using a number of statistical methods. Statistics Norway has a department that supports the use of these and in some areas also further develops and researches methods.
For more comprehensive information about overall assessment of the national methodology for quality management, please click on the links below: Quality work in Statistics Norway: Quality work in Statistics Norway (ssb.no) Quality in official statistics: Quality in official statistics – SSB International frameworks for quality in official statistics: International frameworks for quality in official statistics – SSB
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
European level : At European level, European Commission users (e.g. DG CNECT, DG GROW, DG JUST, DG REGIO, DG JRC) are the principal users of the data on ICT usage and e-commerce in enterprises and contribute in identifying/defining the topics to be covered. Hence, main users are consulted regularly (at hearings, task forces, ad hoc meetings) for their needs and are involved in the process of the development of the model questionnaires at a very early stage. User needs are considered throughout the whole discussion process of the model questionnaires aiming at providing relevant statistical data for monitoring and benchmarking of European policies. National level : Eurostat is an important user of the statistics. Ministries, Innovation Norway, Norwegian Digitalisation Agency, business organisations, research institutes, the media and international organisations such as OECD, UNCTAD are also main users of the statistics.
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
European level : At European level, contacts within the Commission, the OECD and other stakeholders give a clear picture about the key users' satisfaction as to the following data quality aspects: accuracy and reliability of results, timeliness, satisfactory accessibility, clarity and comparability over time and between countries, completeness and relevance. Overall users have evaluated positively (good, very good) the data quality on the ICT usage and e-commerce in enterprises. National level : No information available. |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
Detailed information is available in “ Annex I _ Completeness “ excel file - related to questionnaire, coverage, additional questions. All mandatory and optional questions were included in the national questionnaire. No deviation from question / item in model questionnaire. Micro-enterprises is not included in the national survey. Turnover is collected from the last version of SBS. Employment and economic activity are collected from administrative register data. Additional questions included in the national survey: "Use of government authorities’ data" (6 questions). Annexes: Annex I_Completeness 2023 - NO |
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12.3.1. Data completeness - rate | |||
Not requested. |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comments on reliability and representativeness of results and completeness of dataset These comments reflect overall standard errors reported for the indicators and breakdowns in section 13.2.1 (Sampling error - indicators) and the rest of the breakdowns for national and European aggregates, as well as other accuracy measurements. The estimated standard error should not exceed 2pp for the overall proportions and should not exceed 5pp for the proportions related to the different subgroups of the population (for those NACE aggregates for the calculation and dissemination of national aggregates). If problems were found, these could have implications for future surveys (e.g. need to improve sampling design, to increase sample sizes, to increase the response rates). More detailed information is available in “ Annex II. _ Accuracy “ excel file - related to European aggregates, comments on reliability and use of flag. Due to the implementation of new NACE breakdowns, several industries (that belonged to the same breakdown-group earlier) have been subdivided into own stand-along-groups. This leads to some of the breakdowns/groups containing relatively few units, e.g. NACE C13T15 has few units in the population which led to some of the indicators are having a standard error more than 5%. Despite this, the NSI consider the provided data and results are accurate, reliable and representative. None of selected indicators have standard error that is exceed 2pp for the overall proportions. However, some of the selected indicators have standard error that were exceeded 5pp for some small subgroups, but there is no one particular breakdown/group that consistently has a high pp of standard error that is exceeded 5pp on every indicator. The issue with high standard error for some small subgroups is often related to there were few units in the population. We have had the same issue with high standard error for some small groups earlier also - before the implantation of the new NACE breakdowns. However, each of these subgroups with a high pp of standard error representing less that 2 percent of the entire population. In 2023 there was zero unit in the population to the C19. Therefore the C19 breakdown is missing. Annexes: Annex II._Accuracy_2023_NO |
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13.2. Sampling error | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For calculation of the standard error see 13.2.1.1. |
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13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard error (for selected indicators and breakdowns) Precision measures related to variability due to sampling, unit non-response (the size of the subset of respondents is smaller than the size of the original sample) and other (imputation for item non-response, calibration etc.) are not (yet) required from the Member states for all indicators. Eurostat will make basic assumptions to compute these measures for all indicators produced (e.g. stratified random sampling assuming as strata the crossing of the variables “Number of employees and self-employed persons” and “Economic Activity” as it was defined in the 3 tables of section 18.1). More detailed information is available in“ Sample and standard error tables 2023 “ excel file – worksheets starting with “Standard error". Annexes: Sample and standard error tables 2023 - NO |
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13.2.1.1. Sampling error indicator calculation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Calculation of the standard error Various methods can be used for the calculation of the standard error for an estimated proportion. The aim is to incorporate into the standard error the sampling variability but also variability due to unit non-response, item non-response (imputation), calibration etc. In case of census / take-all strata, the aim is to calculate the standard errors comprising the variability due to unit non-response and item non-response.
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13.3. Non-sampling error | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See detailed sections below. |
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13.3.1. Coverage error | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See concept 18.1.1. A) Description of frame population. No additional known shortcomings (please see 18.1 and 18.1.1). |
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13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
No issue concering over-coverage |
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13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not requested |
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13.3.2. Measurement error | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
No issue concerning measurement error |
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13.3.3. Non response error | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See detailed sections below. |
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13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See detailed sub-concepts below. |
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13.3.3.1.1. Unit response | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table contains the number of units (i.e. enterprises), by type of response to the survey and by the percentage of these values in relation to the gross sample size.
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13.3.3.1.2. Methods used for minimizing unit non-response | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accompanying with the web-survey, an electronic notification was sent to the respondents with information about the survey, including deadline, and legally consequences of not responding to the survey. When the deadline is reached, the respondents who have not yet submitted the survey will get a warning, and a new deadline. When the new deadline expires, and the submission is still missing, then a compulsory fine will be imposed. The fine will continue to accrue until the survey is submitted or the maximum limit for enforcement fines is reached. Throughout the data collection, the ICT ENT staff was available for any questions the respondents may have regarding the survey. In some case, the statistic responsible will send extra reminders to the important units. Unit non-response never has been a problem. Over 95 per cent of the enterprises responded in the previous years, and 99 percent response-rate in 2023. |
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13.3.3.1.3. Methods used for unit non-response treatment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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13.3.3.1.4. Assessment of unit non-response bias | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More than 99% response rate. No need for assessment. |
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13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
None (Due to that most of the items in the national survey are mandatory. If any item is missing, the survey cannot be submitted, i.e. the mandatory obligation to provide information is not fulfilled for the respondents.) |
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13.3.3.2.1. Methods used for item non-response treatment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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13.3.3.2.2. Questions or items with item response rates below 90% and other comments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comments relating to the item non-response
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13.3.4. Processing error | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
None |
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13.3.5. Model assumption error | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not requested |
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
See detailed section below. |
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14.1.1. Time lag - first result | |||
Not applicable |
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14.1.2. Time lag - final result | |||
European level : Data are to be delivered to Eurostat in the fourth quarter of the reference year (due date for the finalised dataset is 5th October). European results are released before the end of the survey year or in the beginning of the year following the survey year (T=reference year, T+0 for indicators referring to the current year, T+12 months for other indicators referring to the previous year e.g. e-commerce). At national level : The data was transmitted to Eurostat (via the EDAMIS4) at 3th October 2023. There was no error in the validation report. The Y2Y check file received from Eurostat afterward has been checked, and all of the changes were confirmed as reliable results. The confirmation was sent to Eurostat 19th October. Which means that the data transmitted is the final results.
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
See detailed section below. |
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14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication | |||
Date of release of final national data: 22th September 2023 Punctuality - delivery and publication: The finalized data was delivered to Eurostat at 3th October 2023, two day before the deadline, i.e. -2 day time lag between the data delivery and the deadline. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
The model questionnaire is generally used by the countries that conduct the survey on ICT usage and e-commerce in enterprises. Due to (small) differences in translation, in the used survey vehicle, in non-response treatment or different routing through the questionnaire, some results for some countries may be of reduced comparability. In these cases, notes are added in the data. Data for specific set of variables were delivered on NUTS 2 regional level. There is no problem of comparability across the country’s regions. Detailed information on differences in the wording of the questions in the national questionnaires is available in “ Annex I _ Completeness “ excel file - related to questionnaire, coverage, additional questions. No deviation from the model questionnaire that would affect comparability. |
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15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient | |||
Not applicable |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||
See section below. |
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15.2.1. Length of comparable time series | |||
The length of comparable time series depends on the module and the variable considered within each survey module. Additional information is available in annexes attached to the European metadata. The changes for the fixed modules/variables from previous years are considered small and should not impact the comparability over time of results delivered to Eurostat. |
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||
Not applicable |
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15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics | |||
Not applicable |
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15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts | |||
Not applicable |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||
Not applicable |
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Restricted from publication |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
To reduce the response burden and the need to contact the enterprises more than necessary, the data should be in as good quality as possible when it received in NSI. Data should be checked by hard and soft controls before they are forwarded to NSI. This will increase data quality and reduce data editing in NSI. |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
Data are controlled and edited in specific editing tool/software by the statistics responsible of NSI. (please see the details in 18.4) |
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17.2.1. Data revision - average size | |||
Not requested |
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18.1. Source data | ||||||||||
A) Frame population description and distribution For more information see concept 18.1.1.
B) Sampling design - Sampling method Description of the sampling method used (e.g. stratified random sample, quota sampling, cluster sampling; one-stage or two-stage sampling) and information which variables were used to stratify, the categories of those variables, in particular for the NACE Rev. 2 categories related to the "possible calculation of European aggregates", and the final number of strata: The sample is a stratified random sample. It was drawn from all legal units with at least ten employees and self-employed persons in the Central Register of Establishments and Units. It was stratified by industry and size of the units measured by employment. Due to the implementation of new NACE breakdowns in 2021, several industries that were belonged to the same breakdown-group earlier have been subdivided into own stand-alone-groups. Some of these industries have relatively few units in their population. There has not been an issue earlier (due to these were belonged to the breakdowns that other industries also are included in the breakdowns) regarding to draw the sample, but since these small industries needed to be broken down into separate groups, hence, there was a need to modify the draw probabilities for these groups. The NSI have therefore examined the target population to identify which industries that have few units regarding the criterion for representative sample. Most of the industries have satisfying units in their population, however, there is an industry that has no unit (in-scope), and a couple industries have less than 20 units in the population. Therefore the NSI have modified the draw probabilities for the industries that have few units, before the stratified random sample. The modification was done in collaboration with experts from the methodological division in SSB. The new standardized draw probabilities:
The difference between 2. and 3. is that there are lower draw probalities for emp.groups 10-19 and 20-49 in 3. compared with 2.
C) Gross sample distribution More detailed information is available in “ Sample and standard error tables 2023 “ excel file (Worksheet: GROSS SAMPLE)
D) Net sample distribution More detailed information is available in “ Sample and standard error tables 2023 “ excel file (Worksheet: NET SAMPLE) Annexes: Sample and standard error tables 2023 - NO |
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18.1.1. Population frame | ||||||||||
A) Description of frame population
B) Frame population distribution More detailed information is available in “ Sample and standard error tables 2023 “ excel file (Worksheet: FRAME POPULATION) |
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | ||||||||||
Annual |
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18.3. Data collection | ||||||||||
The survey data was collected via a stand-alone web-survey survey. The model questionnaire was translated by the statistics responsible in cooperation with division for methods and division for enterprise surveys at the NSI. This is done to make sure that the survey questions in Norwegian is easy to understand and hence hard to misinterpret. The translation started in the third quarter 2022. Thereafter, the survey was programmed by survey-programmers from the division for enterprise surveys, based on a technical specification scheme ordered by the statistics responsible, so that the survey includes both mandatory and optional questions with the right filters, and it includes technical functionalities, e.g. automatically controls and checks, explanatory notes, etc. The survey was tested thoroughly by several experts to ensure that there is no errors and technical issue in the web scheme. The data collection started 13 February 2023. The respondents received an electronic information letter which informs about the survey was available in the Altinn portal, including deadline, and consequences of not responding to the survey. When the deadline was reached, the respondents who have not yet answered the survey will get a warning, and a new deadline. This new deadline will be about ten days later. If this deadline is not met, a compulsory fine will be imposed. Throughout the data collection, the NSI was available for any questions the respondents may have regarding the survey.
See detailed sections below. |
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18.3.1. Survey period | ||||||||||
Micro-enterprises is not covered in the national survey |
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18.3.2. Survey vehicle – general survey | ||||||||||
General survey - Stand-alone survey | ||||||||||
18.3.3. Survey vehicle – micro-enterprises | ||||||||||
The collection of micro-enterprises was integrated with the general survey | ||||||||||
18.3.4. Survey type | ||||||||||
Self-administered web questionnaire. The web survey was distributed through Altinn, which is an internet portal for digital dialogue between businesses, private individuals and public agencies. Altinn is also a technical platform that government bodies can use to develop digital services. |
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18.3.5. Survey participation | ||||||||||
Mandatory | ||||||||||
18.4. Data validation | ||||||||||
The server-based validation tool embedded in the eDAMIS4 provided by Eurostat for validation of data was used to validate the data. Due to the implementation of SDMX-format and Regional data in the data set, NSI had pretested the data via the EDAMIS Acceptance portal before transmission. There was no validation error in the data set during the testing. Furthermore, the NSI have performed checks of microdata and the aggregated data, at enterprise level and NACE breakdowns. In general, the questionable units or missing variable will be checked, and enterprises will be contacted to confirm the given information was correct. In order to collect high quality raw data, the NSI spent a lot of work on the design of the national survey, e.g. most of the questions are mandatory, technical controls, etc., to limit the non-response and illogical answers, etc. The NSI used their own data revision tool ISEE (Integrated system for editing of data) and other software-based tools to check the micro data and analyse the aggregates. The aggregated data has been compared to national publicized figures, including year-to-year checks, before the submission of the finalized data. There was no treatment for unit non-response and no imputation on missing numerical values. The validation report from the EDMAIS4 received after the data was transmitted, showed that there was no validation error on the data. The NSI received a notification from EDAMIS4 regarding confirmation of Y2Y check of the indicators at 12th October 2023. The NSI had checked the microdata and edit-tools which was used to construct the variables, no suspicious error has been found. The changes are due to natural causes. The NSI sent an email to Eurostat at 19th October with the confirmed of the results are accurate and reliable. |
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18.5. Data compilation | ||||||||||
Grossing-up procedures The collected data has been grossed up (weighted). The objective of the weighting is to gross up the units in the sample so that the characteristics of the sample correspond as closely as possible to the population. The weights were based on the relationship between the sample population and the sample in each separate stratum and take imbalances in non-response into consideration. The grossing-up procedures are based on a breakdown of enterprises in five employment groups (10-19, 20-49, 50-99, 100-249 and 250+ employees and self-employed persons) and the areas of industries in NACE Rev.2 specified by Eurostat. The data material has been weighted to represent the total number of units, turnover and employment in the total population. The grossing-up procedures is performed in collaboration with people from the methodological division in SSB as earlier. The strata will be made up by 32 NACE groups and the 5 size groups. The net sample thus included a total of 160 strata regarding to the presented NACE breakdown of the draft Commission Regulation (EU) specifying the elements of the data to be transmitted for the characteristics for the topic “ICT usage and e-commerce” for reference year 2023 and 2024 in accordance with EC Regulation. The 32 NACE groups: Group 1 = NACE 10-12 Group 2 = NACE 13-15 Group 3 = NACE 16-18 Group 4 = NACE 19 (zero unit in the targeted population) Group 5 = NACE 20 Group 6 = NACE 21 Group 7 = NACE 22-23 Group 8 = NACE 24-25 Group 9 = NACE 26 Group 10 = NACE 27 Group 11 = NACE 28 Group 12 = NACE 29-30 Group 13 = NACE 31-33 Group 14 = NACE 35 Group 15 = NACE 36-39 Group 16 = NACE 41-43 Group 17 = NACE 45 Group 18 = NACE 46 Group 19 = NACE 47 Group 20 = NACE 49-53 Group 21 = NACE 55 Group 22 = NACE 56 Group 23 = NACE 58-60 Group 24 = NACE 61 Group 25 = NACE 62-63 Group 26 = NACE 68 Group 27 = NACE 69-71 Group 28 = NACE 72 Group 31= NACE 79 |
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18.5.1. Imputation - rate | ||||||||||
Not applicable (no need for imputation) |
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18.6. Adjustment | ||||||||||
Not applicable |
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18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment | ||||||||||
Not applicable |
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Problems encountered and lessons to be learnt: |
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19.1. Documents | ||||||||||
Annexes: ICT ENT 2023 survey in English ICT ENT Survey 2023 in national language |
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Annex I._Completeness 2023 Annex II._ Accuracy 2023 Sample and standard error tables 2023 |