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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: EUROPEAN STATISTICAL DATA SUPPORT |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Environmetal statistics and accounts division |
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1.5. Contact mail address | 5, Milana Rakica Street, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 28/09/2023 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 28/09/2023 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 28/09/2023 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
Physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) is one module of the European environmental-economic accounts - Regulation (EU) 691/2011 Annex VI. PEFA record the flows of energy (in terajoules) from the environment to the economy (natural inputs), within the economy (products), and from the economy back to the environment (residuals), using the accounting framework of physical supply and use tables. PEFA provide information on energy flows arranged in a way fully compatible with concepts, principles, and classifications of national accounts – thus enabling integrated analyses of environmental, energy and economic issues e.g. through environmental-economic modelling. PEFA complement the traditional energy statistics, balances and derived indicators which are the main reference data source for EU energy policies.
The PEFA questionnaire is available on Eurostat's website: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/environment/methodology |
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3.2. Classification system | |||
Physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) datasets have the following dimensions:
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
The data set covers the entire national economy as defined in national accounts (ESA 2010, paragraph 2.04), as well as its physical relation to economies in the rest of the world and the environment.
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
Physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) are conceptually rooted in the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) which is an international statistical standard. The SEEA central framework provides standard concepts, definitions, classifications, accounting rules and tables for the provision of statistics on the environment and its relationship with the economy. |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
Data refer to activities of resident economic units in the sense of SEEA CF 2012 and national accounts (ESA), including households. |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
The national economy is as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and national accounts (ESA); i.e. all economic activities undertaken by resident units (see ESA 2010, paragraph 2.04). A unit is said to be a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (1 year or more) in economic activities in that territory. |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
The reference area is the economic territory as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and National Accounts (ESA). A unit is said to be a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (1 year or more) in economic activities in that territory. |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
Data cover in general 2016 -2021. |
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3.9. Base period | |||
Not applicable. |
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The unit of measure is terajoule (TJ). |
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The data refer to the calendar year. |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
PEFA are legally covered by Regulation (EC) No. 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts as amended by Regulation (EU) No. 538/2014. EEEA currently include six modules (air emissions accounts, environmentally related taxes by economic activity, economy-wide material flow accounts, environmental protection expenditure accounts, environmental goods and services sector accounts, and physical energy flow accounts). |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
Not applicable. |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
Data confidentiality is stipulated by: - Official Statistics Law (Official Gazette of RS, number 104/2009), Articles 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, and 49. (www.stat.gov.rs/media/2322/zakon_o_statisticie.pdf) - Rulebook on statistical data protection in the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (www.stat.gov.rs/media/2343/rulebook-on-statistical-data-protection-in-sors.doc ) - Guidelines on measures of data and information protection in the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (www.stat.gov.rs/media/2341/guidelines-on-measures-of-data-and-information-protection-in-the-sors.doc ) |
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
Confidentiality is based on the principles according to the Official Statistics Law (“Official Gazette of RS” no. 104/09). Confidential data are not published. |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
Data are published in line with Release Calendar. |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
Data are published in line with Release Calendar. |
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8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
Data are published in line with Release Calendar. |
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Every year data transmit to Eurostat by 30 September, with a timeliness of T+21 months. |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
Not applicable. |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
Statistical release: https://www.stat.gov.rs/vesti/statisticalrelease/?p=13808&a=25&s=2504 Special publication: https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/Pdf/G20216004.pdf |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
Via data base. |
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10.3.1. Data tables - consultations | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
On request, the access to anonymized microdata is ensured to scientific and research institutions.
The request can be placed by email at stat@stat.gov.rs, or by regular mail addressed at
5 Milana Rakića St, Belgrade.
For more information, please see http://www.stat.gov.rs/en-US/korisnicka-podrska/micropodaci.
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
Not applicable. |
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10.5.1. Metadata - consultations | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
Information is available on Eurostat's website (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/environment/methodology) |
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10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
Quality report are provided, according to Regulation 691/2011. |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
For more information, please see the documents at http://www.stat.gov.rs/en-US/o-nama/sistem-upravljanja-kvalitetom.
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
Not applicable. |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Physical energy flow accounts interested in the the interaction between the economy and the environment as regards the transfer and use of energy in its various forms. The relevance of PEFA is enhanced by using a conceptual framework consistent with National Accounts, which allows, e.g. to put in relation with estimates of production, value added, employment, GDP, etc |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
On biennial basis (once in two years), by the means of web interview, implemented is the User Satisfaction Survey. The survey results are available at SORS website: http://www.stat.gov.rs/en-US/o-nama/sistem-upravljanja-kvalitetom. |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
The Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia has provided all mandatory variables for the Physical energy flow accounts according to Regulation 691/2011 EC. Data are available from 2016-2021. |
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12.3.1. Data completeness - rate | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.2. Sampling error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.1. Coverage error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.2. Measurement error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.3. Non response error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.4. Processing error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.5. Model assumption error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
Every year data transmit to Eurostat by 30 September, with a timeliness of T+21 months. |
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14.1.1. Time lag - first result | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.1.2. Time lag - final result | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data on PEFA are compiled according to international guidelines and insofar comparable. Application of the PEFA Builder tool ensures comparability to a certain extent. |
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15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable. |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
No breaks. Please see the table in 15.2.1.1. |
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15.2.1. Length of comparable time series | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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15.2.1.1. Comparability - over time detailed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Please use below table for explaining b)-flags (breaks in time series):
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The data are coherent with principles, definitions and concepts in National Accounts (ESA - European System of Accounts) and Environmental Accounting (SEEA - System of Environmental-Economic Accounting). It is important that air emissions accounts (AEA) and physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) employ the same groupings of elementary economic units (NACE Rev. 2 activities) as the ESA supply and use tables. This coherence is important with regards to integrated analyses (e.g. applying Leontief-type input-output analysis). Compilers of AEA and PEFA are advised to contact and align with compilers of ESA supply and use tables with the aim to ensure highest coherence between AEA, PEFA and ESA supply and use tables. |
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15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable; reported PEFA data are only annual. |
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15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable. |
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15.3.3. Do you cooperate with national colleagues compiling AEA? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yes. |
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15.3.4. Are there compilation elements that PEFA compilers jointly undertake with AEA compilers (e.g. distribution of road transport fuel use and emissions by NACE)? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The allocation of energy use in road transport to NACE and households has not been done. There is currently insufficient data for road transport. The number of vehicles are only available. |
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15.3.5. Do you report in PEFA imports and exports according to the SEEA-CF concepts for trade in goods (see SEEA-CF section 3.3.3, paras. 3.121 ff., and para. 1.46)? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
No. |
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15.3.6. Do you perform cross-domain plausibility checks between your PEFA data on air transport versus OECD's data on CO2-emissions of air transport? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SORS did not make a comparison, because we don´t have available data for GHG on national level since 2014. |
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15.3.7. Do you perform cross-domain plausibility checks between PEFA data points and corresponding data points in energy statistics (see PEFA validation rules)? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yes. |
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15.3.8. Do you perform cross-domain plausibility checks between PEFA data points and the corresponding data points in economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA) (see PEFA validation rules)? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
No. |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eurostat's validation procedures should ensure full internal consistency, at least for the mandatory data points. |
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Not applicable. |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
The SORS general revision policy constitutes the global frame ensuring that each statistical domain shall define its own revision policy in compliance with its specific nature.
The general SORS revision policy determines:
- general rules of revisions of the published data,
- forms of informing users as regards the possible causes of revisions,
- categories of revisions, and
- documents covering all aspects of revisions.
The general SORS revision policy is available at http://www.stat.gov.rs/media/2332/general-revision-policy.docx.
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
If Eurostat's tool PEFA Builder update, the data in PEFA questionnaire revised for for the complete time series. In 2023 it was used PEFA Builder ver. 5.7.1. |
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17.2.1. Data revision - average size | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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18.1. Source data | |||
Data sources used to produce physical energy flow accounts are described in the following sub-concepts. |
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18.1.1. Which are the main data sources you employ for the use of natural energy inputs (i.e. who is extracting)? | |||
Main source are 5 annual Joint Questionnaires for Energy Statistics. |
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18.1.2. Which are the main data sources you employ for supply of energy products (e.g. electricity, refinery products etc.)? | |||
Main source are 5 annual Joint Questionnaires for Energy Statistics. |
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18.1.3. Which are the main data sources you employ for the transformation use by energy transforming entities (NACE 2-digit divisions)? | |||
Main source are 5 annual Joint Questionnaires for Energy Statistics. |
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18.1.4. Which are the main data sources you employ for the end use by end user entities (including non-energy use)? | |||
Main source are 5 annual Joint Questionnaires for Energy Statistics. |
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18.1.5. Which auxiliary data do you use to develop 'distribution keys' to assign energy use to the detailed breakdown of production activities (NACE 2-digit divisions) and categories of household consumption? | |||
In addition, supply-use tables of energy products (more detailed division). Auxiliary data used to develop 'distribution keys' to assign energy use to the detailed breakdown of production activities (NACE 2-digit divisions) and categories of household consumption are supply-use tables (SUT) and data from Disaggregated final energy consumption in households. Based on data on household assets used for transportation, heating and cooling and other purposes the shares was calculated and allocate households energy use. |
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18.1.6. Do you use the PEFA builder? If yes: for populating the PEFA Tables, or for control only? | |||
Yes, PEFA Builder (and NACE Breakdown tool) was used for calculating data and populating PEFA tables. |
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18.1.7. Which data sources do you use to make adjustments for the residence principle? | |||
National transport statistics (air transport) used. The adjustment to the resident principle was done only for air transport. The obtained data (amount of kerosene sold to domestic airlines and to foreign airline companies) was used in callculation. Data on energy consumption in water transport are available but a negligible and calculation on the resident principle for water transport in such a situation not made. Data for road transport not availabile. |
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Data are collected annually. |
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18.3. Data collection | |||
Data are collected by means of a questionnaire (deadline 30 September). Data collection is regulated in Regulation (EU) 691/2011 Annex VI. Respondents are given access to a supporting tool for the calculation of PEFA from energy statistics (PEFA Builder). |
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18.4. Data validation | |||
Data are extensively checked via a validation procedure using IT tools for the checking of formal compliance, consistency and plausibility. |
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18.5. Data compilation | |||
Not applicable. |
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18.5.1. Imputation - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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18.5.2. Do you assign all supply of electricity and heat to NACE D35, or do you assign some to other NACE divisions than D35? Is the assignment you did fully aligned to the ESA monetary supply table submitted by your country? | |||
The assignment of supply of elecricity and heat to other than D35 divisions was made. Data for AutoProducers from annual Joint Questionnaires for energy (JQ), was used and instructions from "Electricity and heat annual questionnaire". The assigment is not aligned with ESA monetray supply table. |
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18.5.3. Which method do you use for the allocation of road transport energy use to NACE industries and households? | |||
The allocation of energy use in road transport to NACE and households has not been done. There is currently insufficient data for road transport. The number of vehicles are only available. |
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18.5.4. Which method do you use for the allocation of energy use to detailed service industries (i.e. NACE 2-digit divisions 55-98)? | |||
Auxiliary data used to develop 'distribution keys' to assign energy use to the detailed breakdown of production activities (NACE 2-digit divisions) and categories of household consumption are supply-use tables (SUT) and data from Disaggregated final energy consumption in households. Based on data on household assets used for transportation, heating and cooling and other purposes the shares was calculated and allocate households energy use. |
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18.5.5. How do you ensure a coherent assignment of energy use to economic activities (i.e. the use of energy products by a given production activity (NACE A*64 division) reported in PEFA must be coherent with the emissions reported in AEA)? | |||
Not applicable. |
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18.6. Adjustment | |||
Not applicable. |
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18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment | |||
Not applicable. |
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