Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HCSO)

Agriculture Statistics Section

Keleti Károly utca 5-7. HU-1024 Budapest

The data describe the structure of agricultural holdings providing the general characteristics of farms and farmers and information on their land, livestock and labour force.  They also describe production methods, rural development measures and agro-environmental aspects that look at the impact of agriculture on the environment.

The data are used by public, researchers, farmers and policy-makers to better understand the state of the farming sector and the impact of agriculture on the environment. The data follow up the changes in the agricultural sector and provide a basis for decision-making in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and other European Union policies.

The statistical unit is the agricultural holding (farm). The aggregated results are disseminated through statistical tables and analytical publications. The data are presented at different geographical levels and over periods.
The data collections are organised in line with Regulation (EU) 2018/1091 and have a new structure, consisting of a core data set and several modules. The regulation covers the data collections in 2020 (the agricultural census), 2023 and 2026. The data are as comparable and coherent as possible with the other European countries.

Data are arranged in tables using many classifications. Please find below information on most classifications.

The classifications of variables are available in Annex III of Regulation (EU) 2018/1091 and in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1874.

The farm typology means a uniform classification of the holdings based on their type of farming and their economic size. Both are determined on the basis of the standard gross margin (SGM) (until 2007) or standard output (SO) (from 2010 onward) which is calculated for each crop and animal. The farm type is determined by the relative contribution of the different productions to the total standard gross margin or the standard output of the holding.

The territorial classification uses the NUTS classification to break down the regional data. The regional data is available at NUTS level 3.

The statistics cover agricultural holdings undertaking agricultural activities as listed in item 3.5 below and meeting the minimum coverage requirements (thresholds) as listed in item 3.6 below.

The list of core variables is set in Annex III of Regulation (EU) 2018/1091.

The descriptions of the core variables as well as the lists and descriptions of the variables for the modules collected in 2019/2020 are set in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1874.

The following groups of variables are collected in 2020:

• for core: location of the holding, legal personality of the holding, manager, type of tenure of the utilised agricultural area, variables of land, organic farming, irrigation on cultivated outdoor area, variables of livestock, organic production methods applied to animal production;
• for the module "Labour force and other gainful activities": farm management, family labour force, non-family labour force, other gainful activities directly and not directly related to the agricultural holding;
• for the module "Rural development": support received by agricultural holdings through various rural development measures;
• for the module "Animal housing and rural development module":  animal housing, nutrient use and manure on the farm, manure application techniques, manure storage.

See sub-category below.

The agricultural holding is a single unit, both technically and economically, that has a single management and that undertakes economic activities in agriculture in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 belonging to groups:

- A.01.1: Growing of non-perennial crops

- A.01.2: Growing of perennial crops

- A.01.3: Plant propagation

- A.01.4: Animal production

- A.01.5: Mixed farming or

- The “maintenance of agricultural land in good agricultural and environmental condition” of group A.01.6 within the economic territory of the Union, either as its primary or secondary activity.

Regarding activities of class A.01.49, only the activities “Raising and breeding of semi-domesticated or other live animals” (with the exception of raising of insects) are included.

Based on their legal entity the target population has two main groups in Hungary:

private holdings and agricultural enterprises.

• Private holdings: households engaged in agricultural activity reaching or exceeding certain physical thresholds at the reference time of the survey (see the thresholds below – item 3.6.1.).
• Agricultural enterprises: legal entities engaged in any kind of agricultural activity or classified as agricultural producer by NACE exceeding the physical threshold at the reference date of the survey (1 June 2020).

As threshold criteria refers to productive land area the definition of agricultural holding in Hungary covers:

• holdings with only forest, fish ponds, reeds;
• holdings providing agricultural services only

See sub-categories below.

The thresholds of agricultural holdings are available in the annex.

According to preliminary calculation which was based on former FSS’ results (where main information on households below the previous threshold were collected, therefore it was considered that as a good reference for the 100% of UAA and LSU), without the additional and lowered thresholds we could have covered about 97,5% of UAA and 96,5% of LSU.

Nevertheless, our additional and lowered thresholds (compared to thresholds in the regulation) are higher than our former thresholds which could have provided more than 99% coverage both for UAA and Livestock Unit.

Therefore the extended thresholds (compared to thresholds in the regulation) means increased thresholds compared to our former thresholds.

The same population of agricultural holdings defined in item 3.6.1.

The above answer holds for the modules ‘Labour force and other gainful activities’ and ‘Rural development’. The module ‘Machinery and equipment’ is not collected in 2020.

The same population of agricultural holdings defined in item 3.6.1.

See sub-categories below.

The entire territory of the country.

Not applicable.

The agricultural holding is located where the farm undertakes its main agricultural activity according to its typological classification.

In case of crop farms, the most important parcel by economic size based on IACS.

In case of animal farms, the main area of animal keeping.

In the absence of information on the location of the main activity, the location of residence of the farmer, which is usually close to the agricultural activity.

The first agricultural census was implemented in Hungary in 1895 and covered all characteristics of agriculture (land, livestock, labour force).

The second census of 1935 also was a comprehensive survey and had a speciality, whereas the indebtedness of farms also was observed. The international recommendations (issued by the predecessor of the FAO, the International Agricultural Institute in Rome) have been taken into account during the implementation of this census.

In 1972 Hungary joined the FAO World Census of 1970 and fulfilled also the international data requirements.

The census of 1981 was also linked with the recommendations of the FAO World Census.

In 1991 HCSO conducted the first census after the change of political system in 1989. Following this census in 1994 a farm structure survey was implemented, but this survey had an incomplete coverage and included only a narrow range of characteristics. The main deficiency of this survey was not covering the farmers living in the urban areas.

The Agricultural Census 2000 (AC 2000) is a historical milestone in the chronicle of Hungarian censuses. This was the first comprehensive survey that, apart from meeting the data needs of FAO, was also compliant with the relevant EU regulations. Based on the results of AC 2000 the data set for the EUROFARM database were compiled and provided to EUROSTAT.

During the negotiations talks Hungary has committed itself to carry out the Farm Structure Survey 2003 (FSS 2003) according to EU relevant regulations. The FSS 2005 was the first survey carried out after the accession of Hungary to the EU. After FSS 2005 and also FSS 2007 the micro-data of agricultural holdings were sent into the EUROFARM database handled by EUROSTAT.

The AC 2010 was the seventh of its kind and it was the first one implemented by Hungary as an EU member state. According the Regulations FSSs were carried out in 2013 and 2016 also.

AC2020 was also a milestone for the Hungarian Central Statistical Office since a new methodology was introduced, and the use of administrative sources became more focused.

The 2020 data are processed (by Eurostat) with 2017 standard output coefficients (calculated as a 5-year average of the period 2015-2019). For more information, you can consult the definition of the standard output.

Two kinds of units are generally used:

• the units of measurement for the variables (area in hectares, livestock in (1000) heads or LSU (livestock units), labour force in persons or AWU (annual working units), standard output in Euro, places for animal housing etc.) and
• the number of agricultural holdings having these characteristics.

See sub-categories below.

Land variables were surveyed by the reference date 1 June 2020. For national purposes, the prices of the rented land area were asked for the calendar year 2020.

In case of successive crops from the same piece of land, the land use refers to a crop that is harvested during the reference year, regardless of when the crop in question is sown.

The size of the irrigable area was referring to 1 June 2020, other questions were not applicable for 2020.

The reference day was 1 June 2020 for livestock and a 12-month period ending on 1 June 2020 for animal housing.

The 12-month period ending on 1 June 2020. This period includes the reference day used for livestock and animal housing.

The 12-month period ending on 31 May 2020 for labour force.

The three-year period ending on 31 December 2020.

Besides the mentioned variables mentioned under point 5.1-5.6 the following variables were collected for national purposes:

- Slaughtering outside slaughterhouses (January-June 2020)

- Digitalisation of the farm (June 1, 2020)

- Future plans on farming activities

See sub-categories below.

All the necessary legal issues were covered by the Act CLV of 2016 on Official Statistics, including using administrative data sources for statistical purposes. Provision of data was based on the authorisation of Statistical Act regarding National Programme for Statistical Data Collection and Data Transmission, which is a Government Decree, taking into consideration Regulations 2018/1091//EC, 1165/2000/EC, 543/2009/EC and 138/2004/EC. In accordance with Sections 24 and 26 of Act CLV of 2016 on Official Statistics the provision of data was mandatory for those selected for the purpose of the census.

Act No. CLV of 2016 on official statistics (English version): https://www.ksh.hu/docs/bemutatkozas/eng/act_no_clv_of_2016_on_official_statistics.pdf

National Programme for Statistical Data Collection (Hungarian version) - under Code 2374: https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/info/adatgyujtes/2020/KSH_AGY_2020.pdf

Act No. CLV of 2016 on official statistics: 1 January 2017

National Programme for Statistical Data Collection: 1 January 2020

Data on rural development, organic farming and data on vineyards (variables W1110T, W1120T, W1190T) were not collected directly by the farmers.

The source of the data were the followings:

Variables of the rural development: Hungarian State Treasury

Variables of organic farming: Certification bodies (Biokontroll Hungária, Hungária Öko Garancia)

Variables on vineyards: Vineyards register

The protection of personal data and the publicity of data of public interest are regulated by the following Acts in Hungary: 

• Act CLV of 2016 on Official statistics;
• Act CXII of 2011 on Informational Self-Determination and on Freedom of Information.

Besides the above mentioned legal acts, internal regulations on confidentiality exist within the HCSO. The access to statistical data is regulated in a separate internal regulation (Regulation 18/2014 on the rules of data access) which contains the rules on the six data access channels of the HCSO.

In virtue of the Act CXII of 2011 on Informational Self-Determination and on Freedom of Information and the Act XLVI CLV of 2016 on Official statistics all individual data are qualified as confidential and are treated as such. Survey data are validated and checked exclusively by the staff of HCSO and enumerators are responsible for preventing unauthorized access to the completed questionnaires.

See sub-categories below.

See sub-categories below.

In general, all data disseminated by HCSO goes through obligatory statistical disclosure control (SDC) procedures. The most commonly SDC method used for protecting sensitive cells is the cell suppression. Under the HCSO internal data protection regulation, all datasets are checked for secondary cell suppression where primary cell suppression is applied. Direct identifiers are removed from all datasets (except in cases regulated by law).

All research outputs produced in the safe environment (Safe Centre, remote access, remote execution) also go through obligatory output checking procedures.

Apart from these obligatory provisions, the typical SDC methods applied to FSS data are the following:

• global recoding (removing a dimension (e.g. column)),
• sub-sampling based on microdata,
• local suppression.

See sub-categories below.

As regards to access to microdata for scientific purposes, researchers may have access to data through six channels upon filling in the request form published on the HCSO’s website. The six data access channels are: release of tabular data, public use files, release of anonymised microdata sets, Safe Centre, remote access and remote execution. The first 2 channels are open to all users; the last four channels are available exclusively for scientific purposes.

Anonymised microdata may be accessed by research institutions within the framework of a contract with the HCSO. Anonymised microdata are microdata which have been modified in order to reduce to an acceptable level, in accordance with current best practice, the disclosure risk of statistical units to which they relate.

The researcher may only use the data file for the scientific research purpose indicated in the request form and the data file has to be destroyed upon fulfilment of that purpose. The detailed conditions for the use of anonymised microdata are regulated in the contract between the research institution and the HCSO.

Researchers may also have access to microdata in a secure environment such as the HCSO’s Safe Centre, another remote access point and through remote execution. The Farm Structure Surveys data of 2000, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2020 are already accessible for researchers.

The HCSO facility in Szeged is providing a remote access service to researchers under the same conditions as for the Safe Centre environment (available on HCSO premises in Budapest).

In the form of remote execution, researchers can also apply for research outputs based on microdata sets. Using this access channel, the researchers are requested to send detailed specifications and descriptions, syntax, etc. to HCSO and the data is prepared by HCSO experts within HCSO. Outputs produced are released following an obligatory output checking procedure (common procedure for Safe Centre, remote access and remote execution).

Data made available in the Safe Centre, remote access and remote execution does not contain direct identifiers. The access environment is strictly monitored and the research outputs are checked for statistical disclosure before they may be taken from the safe environment by the researcher.

The process of the evaluation of the data request for the safe environment data access channels covers checking information both on the research purpose and the researchers. Access is granted based on a contract which stipulates the conditions of access.

Researchers can use anonymised micro-data at a specially prepared computer station. Reports with aggregated data generated by user are checked by the mehodological staff of the HCSO, responsible for enforcing statistical confidentiality according to the rules mentioned in item 7.2.1.1.

Preliminary data were published on 8 April 2021 combined with an online press conference. It means that the main data and analyses were published 4.5 month after the end of the field work of the Agricultural Census. Detailed analysis, and data based on the final results were published on 3 February 2022 by different topics (land use, livestock, labour force, typology, land and ownership, etc.).

Preliminary data: https://www.ksh.hu/katalogus/#/kiadvanyok/naptar/2021/04

Final data: there is no release calendar. The date of complying the analysis and data sets were not foreseen due to the Covid 19 pandemic and other publications in the time of the compilation of the release calendar.

In general, the Dissemination Policy (https://www.ksh.hu/docs/bemutatkozas/eng/tajpol_web_eng.pdf?lang=en) of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office was followed.

Before the implementation of the Agricultural Census dedicated subside was created on the website of the HCSO. It was updated regularly with the most recent information and the number of visitors was almost 60 thousand in year 2020 (most of them, more than 26 thousand in June when the online period was implemented).

The publications on the Agricultural Census can be downloaded free of charge from our website and made available to all users at the same time. In the questionnaire of the Census the following question was included: "Would you like to receive information about the results of the Agricultural Census to your email address"? If the answer was yes, e-mail address was given by respondents and the published analyses were sent directly to them. Altogether 35 thousand emails were sent to those who were interested to the results.

Together with the detailed analysis, the main conclusions and results were sent directly to the editorial staffs of the printed and online media. The press conference was followed by several radio and TV interviews and a special podcast was also made to the podcast channel of the Statistical Office.

Not applicable.

The national data are disseminated in every 3-4 years. First the preliminary data are published 4-5 month after the end of the survey. At the time of the Eurofarm data are compiled, transmitted to Eurostat and validated, the national final data are published.

See sub-categories below.

At the time of publishing the preliminary data together with a press conference the following news was published: Sajtószoba - Közlemények, tájékoztatók, 2021.04.08. – Központi Statisztikai Hivatal (ksh.hu) (available in Hungarian).

At the time of publishing the final data together with a press conference, the following news was published: Sajtószoba - Közlemények, tájékoztatók, 2022.02.03. – Központi Statisztikai Hivatal (ksh.hu) (available in Hungarian).

See sub-categories below.

Preliminary data in Hungarian: https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/ac2020/elozetes_adatok/index.html#/cover

Podcast: https://anchor.fm/ksh-podcast/episodes/KSH-Podcast-9--rsz-Az-Agrrcenzus-elzetes-eredmnyei---beszlgets-Tth-Pterrel-eunp08

Final data:

Land use and livestock (Hungarian): https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/ac2020/foldthasznalat_allatallomany/index.html

Land ownership and renting (Hungarian): https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/ac2020/foldtulajdon_foldberlet/index.html

Typology (Hungarian): https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/ac2020/gazdasagtipologia/index.html

Labour force: (Hungarian): https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/ac2020/mezogazdasagi_munkaero_generaciovaltas/index.html

Dashboard in Hungarian: https://www.ksh.hu/ac2020db/2022/index.html

Publication in English: https://www.ksh.hu/agricultural_census_fss

Hungarian agriculture in numbers: https://www.ksh.hu/ac2020db/2022/index_en.html

See sub-categories below.

*Please note that data for September 2020 are not available due to technical reasons.

Dissemination database: https://statinfo.ksh.hu/Statinfo/themeSelector.jsp?lang=hu

See sub-category below.

Excel, html, dashboard, thematic maps

Online here:

Hungarian: https://www.ksh.hu/agrarcenzusok_agrarium_2020

English: https://www.ksh.hu/agricultural_census_fss_2020

Letter on dissemination information to data providers, who indicated they want feedback on the results.

Not requested.

See sub-categories below.

Not requested.

https://www.ksh.hu/apps/meta.objektum?p_lang=HU&p_menu_id=110&p_ot_id=100&p_obj_id=BDAJ

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not available.

See sub-categories below.

Quality requirements regarding coverage and standard errors of variables are listed in Regulation 2018/1091.

Before launching the project, certain quality criteria were also set:

1. The project is successful if core and module variables listed in Regulation 2018/1091/EK are successfully collected.

2. Agricultural Census 2020 was the first data collection that was carried out completely on register information. The project was considered to be successful if the address list for the full population was available and complete by the beginning of the data collection. And with the help of the address list, the quality criteria within 2018/1091 can be fulfilled.

3. Online data collection phase was considered successful if the respond rate among the farms who got login code was at least 20%.

4. The project was considered successful if Eurofarm database and Quality report was compiled by the deadline declared in Regulation 2018/1092. At the end of the data collection, this criterion was met completely. EUROFARM database was compiled by the deadline.

5. The project was considered successful if budget remained within the allocated limits.

Data collection was monitored continuously during the CAWI and CAPI phase.

CAWI:

- completion rate within the certain group of respondents were monitored continuously

- outliers were monitored and measurement units were corrected when it was necessary

- responds relating administrative information (persons who carry out activities together) were monitored continuously

- data were compared to previous data collections and administrative information continuously

- number and rate of questionnaires below and above the threshold were monitored continuously

- questionnaires were checked when a farm was below the threshold but listed in several administrative databases

CAPI:

- questionnaires were checked when a farm was below the threshold but listed in several administrative databases

- completion rate within the certain group of respondents were monitored continuously

- outliers were monitored and measurement units were corrected when it was necessary

- responds relating administrative information (persons who carry out activities together) were monitored continuously

- data were compared to previous data collection and administrative information continuously

- number of new farms

- number of non-respondents

- addresses left: to ensure continuous data collection.

- information monitored on surveyors work:

• GPS coordinates
• number and rate of questionnaires below and above the threshold were monitored continuously
• time and length of questionnaire completion
• notes written on the questionnaire
• variables that determined threshold in order to avoid invalid questionnaires
  • arable land, orchards, vineyards, grasslands, forest, fish ponds, reeds
  • cattle, sheep, goat, pig, ostrich, hen, turkey, goose, duck, rabbit
  • agricultural services

All of the mentioned goals under point 11.1 had been met at the end of the data collection.

The aim of the census is to provide through high-quality statistical data a realistic and objective picture about the Hungarian agriculture and the changes in the sector to farmers, the private sector, national institutions, farmers associations, civil society organizations and EU institutions.
Accurate reporting is essential for farmers and their interest groups as well as government decision-makers – considering the interest of farmers and based on high-quality data – to be able to make right decisions and design different domestic and EU subsidisation policies and assess their impact.

All user needs met, at national and at European level as well.

Not applicable

We measure the evaluation of users via a standard opinion box related to specific products. The average of the 39 evaluations made on a scale from 1 to 5 (where 5 is the highest) was 4.8 as for usefulness; interpretability on the same scale was assessed 4.7 on the average.

Our products related to the AC2020 have been downloaded 5700 times since their publication (8 April 2021). We measured nearly 60 thousand visits on the AC2020 subside of the HCSO in 2020 and 2021, which is very high in comparison to other topics of the agriculture.

Not applicable.

Information on completeness not collected, not-significant and not-existent variables can be found here: Eurostat's website

Not applicable for Integrated Farm Statistics as the not collected variables, not-significant variables and not-existent variables are completed with 0.

See categories below.

See sub-categories below.

Please find the relative standard errors for the main variables in the annex.

Module sample was built up as a combination of a census and stratified random sample.

Agricultural enterprises and key private holdings (which exceed certain threshold) were fully surveyed.

Among smaller private holdings sample survey was carried out.

The preliminary size-classification of holdings was based on administrative information and our former surveys’ data. The lower reliability of quantitative information than preliminary estimated of some administrative sources resulted that several large holdings were misclassified as smaller holdings mainly among poultry farms. Therefore, the variability of certain variable in the sample was higher than previously estimated and resulted a higher error than previously estimated.

Each holdings size classification was re-examined based on the result of the survey.

For future FSS we will increase the size of fully surveyed part of our universe and in parallel, we will work with a larger sample for smaller private holdings.

We also provided feedback to the owners of the administrative data, hoping to get more accurate quantitative information in the future.

Formulae applied for estimation methods are provided in the annex.

See sub-categories below.

See sub-categories below.

The over-coverage rate is available in the annex. The over-coverage rate is unweighted.
The over-coverage rate is calculated as the share of ineligible holdings to the holdings designated for the core data collection. The ineligible holdings include those holdings with unknown eligibility status that are not imputed nor re-weighted for (therefore considered ineligible).
The over-coverage rate is calculated over the holdings in the main frame and if applicable frame extension, for which core data are sent to Eurostat. 

New sampling frame was built before the Agricultural Census and was based on several different administrative sources and former FSS surveys.

Some of these sources contained information only about existence and did not contain quantitative production information, therefore in many cases there were not sufficient information for preliminary size-classification. Some of these sources also contained outdated information about units which have already ceased farming.

Therefore, many units were visited during the survey which did not exceed the farm threshold or did not even exist.

Units which do not belong to the target population were not measured (based on the threshold test at the beginning of the questionnaire) or were excluded during processing.

Not requested.

See sub-categories below.

Not available

The statistical farm register is continuously updated on the basis of many sources, therefore under-coverage rate is estimated to be very low.

Not available

Due to the difficulties of preliminary unit size classification, we reclassified all unit based on the results of census.

In those cases where the contact was not successful, imputation was made.

See sub-categories below.

No specific variables which are mostly affected by measurement error. In case of outliers and suspicious cases, follow-up interviews were carried out in order to check, correct or confirm the data.

Several validation rules were incorporated to the data entry application such as logical and arithmetical coherence within and between tables in order to minimise the risk of measurement errors.

In case of outliers and suspicious cases, follow-up interviews were carried out in order to check, correct or confirm the data.

See sub-categories below.

The unit non-response rate is in the annex of item 13.3.1.1. The unit non-response rate is unweighted.
The unit non-response rate is calculated as the share of eligible non-respondent holdings to the eligible holdings.  The eligible holdings include those holdings with unknown eligibility status which are imputed or re-weighted for (therefore considered eligible).
The unit non-response rate is calculated over the holdings in the main frame and if applicable frame extension, for which core data are sent to Eurostat.

Non-respondents were mostly the big farms.

The data collection was done via internet or face-to-face interview with tablet, so the validation rules were run during field work. The program did not allow to save the questionnaires with missing required items, therefore nonresponse item inside the filled part of questionnaires did not occurred in mandatory fields and it was not possible to detect in non-mandatory fields.

Mandatory items only could be missed when the entire group of questions were lost.

Not applicable

Not available

See sub-categories below.

Several validation rules were incorporated to the data entry application such as logical and arithmetical coherence within and between tables.

Several other validation (in different level) were run by experts in later stage, like cross-checking AC2020 data with data from other data collections, administrative sources.

First logical and arithmetical checks within and between the tables were implemented into the HCSO's data collection application. (MAJA for private farms, ELEKTRA for legal entities)

Later stage check were run within HCSO's ADÉL applications (Uniform Data Entry and Validation System) by staff from local department.

After data collection, some software tools were used during processing and validation (SQL, R, Excel) by staff from central department.

Not available

Not applicable

See sub-categories below.

First results: +9.5 months after the last day of the reference period.

Final results: 19 months after the last day of the reference period.

See sub-categories below.

See sub-categories below.

Not requested.

The target data for publishing the provisional data was end of October 2020.  Due to the Covid 19 pandemic, the enumeration period was postponed from June 2020 to September-November 2020. This fact caused delay in the preliminary data publication.

See sub-categories below.

Not applicable, because there are no mirror flows in Integrated Farm Statistics.

See sub-categories below.

The data sent to Eurostat on agricultural holdings follow the definition set in Regulation (EU) 2018/1091.

Not applicable.

See sub-categories below.

According to our estimation, approximately 99.5% of utilized agricultural area and 98,5% of livestock units were covered with our extended threshold. (98.5% and 96.9% with the main frame)

No differences between the national threshold and the threshold for the data sent to Eurostat.

Not applicable

See sub-categories below.

We collect, send to Eurostat and publish data with the same definitions and classification of variables compared to Regulation (EU) 2018/1091, Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1874 and EU handbook.

The information is available in the annex. 
The number of working hours and days in a year for a full-time job correspond to one annual working unit (AWU) in the country. One annual work unit corresponds to the work performed by one person who is occupied on an agricultural holding on a full-time basis. Annual working units are used to calculate the farm work on the agricultural holdings.

The information is available in the annex of item 15.1.4.1.1. 

The information is available in the annex of item 15.1.4.1.1. 

We use the same LSU coefficients as the ones set in Regulation (EU) 2018/1091.

There are no differences between the types of livestock that we included under the heading “Other livestock n.e.c.” and the types of livestock that should be included according to the EU handbook.

Not applicable.

See sub-categories below.

We collect, send to Eurostat and publish data in compliance with the reference periods/days set in Regulation (EU) 2018/1091.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

The area of common land are allocated to individual agricultural holdings.

We do not experience problems to collect data on common land.

See sub-categories below.

There are no deviations in the national standards and rules for certification of organic products from Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007.

Not applicable.

There are no differences in the methods used across regions within the country.

See sub-categories below.

There is a break in the time series caused by the new threshold used for the purposes of the Agricultural Census 2020. All the published data for the years 2010, 2013 and 2016 were recalculated with the new threshold and published on the website of the HCSO.

See sub-categories below.

Regulation (EU) 2018/1091 newly considers agricultural holdings with only fur animals. However even if our country raises fur animals, holdings with only fur animals are not included in our data collection because they do not meet the thresholds.  The thresholds for animals are expressed in livestock units (LSU) and fur animals are not associated LSU coefficients. We did not add thresholds related to fur animals; there is no reason for it (fur animals do not contribute towards 98% of the total LSU).

See sub-categories below.

See the detailed description in the attached document.

See sub-categories below.

Not applicable.

See sub-categories below.

Legal personality of the agricultural holding

In IFS, there is a new class (“shared ownership”) for the legal personality of the holding compared to FSS 2016, which trigger fluctuations of holdings in the classes of sole holder holdings and group holdings.

Other livestock n.e.c.

In FSS 2016, deer were included in this class, but in IFS they are classified separately.

Also in FSS 2016, there was a class for the collection of equidae. That has been dropped and equidae are included in IFS in "other livestock n.e.c."

Livestock units

In FSS 2016, turkeys, ducks, geese, ostriches and other poultry were considered each one in a separate class with a coefficient of 0.03 for all the classes except for ostriches (coefficient 0.035). In IFS 2020, the coefficients were adjusted accordingly, with turkeys remaining at 0.03, ostriches remaining at 0.35, ducks adjusted to 0.01, geese adjusted to 0.02 and other poultry fowls n.e.c. adjusted to 0.001.

Organic animals

While in FSS only fully compliant (certified converted) animals were included, in IFS both animals under conversion and fully converted are to be included.

See sub-categories below.

Not applicable.

See sub-categories below.

In 2016, data on common land were stored to common land units created at NUTS3 level, while in 2020 common land was allocated to individual agricultural holdings.

With regards to the major trends on animal statistics:

- they have been recorded an increase of number of male bovine animals <1 year as well as male bovine >=2 years.

- Number of cows and other cows is also constantly increasing due to national subsides.

- Figures for sheep and goats reveal that the highest numbers were recorded in 2016, since then figures are constantly decreasing.

- Number of goose and ducks have decreased as a consequence of the avian flu, while, because less holdings are having rabbits,

- the population of rabbits drastically decreased in 2020 compared to 2016

- Sheep (A4100):  there was a more than 20 percent decrease in the number of sheep during the last 5 years.

- Live goats (A4200): a continuous decrease in the number of goats during the past years has been recorded.

See sub-categories below.

Not applicable to Integrated Farm Statistics, because there are no sub annual data collections in agriculture.

Not applicable, because Integrated Farm Statistics have no relevance for national accounts.

See sub-categories below.

Livestock: all the data on the number of animals were checked and compared to the data of the December 2019 survey at individual level. In addition, the data on bovine animals were compared to the data of the Unique Identification System of Animals (ENAR) handled by the National Food Chain Office (NFCO). The data on sheep and goats could be compared on the level of availability in the mentioned register (ENAR). Some species were not entered into the questionnaire during the survey in several cases. These were asked and recorded in the questionnaire. Discrepancies also arose at the micro level that the reference dates are not exactly the same. Data on bovine animals are continuously reported to the NFCO, while the data were asked for 1 June 2020 during the AC.

Crop production: The data were compared to the administrative data sources (SAPS, organic data, vineyard register) and the previous years' data collections of the HCSO. The outliers were detected and removed. Due to a methodological change (new threshold), the agricultural census data could not be fully compared to the land use data of 2019.

See sub-categories below.

All the IFS variables on animal population are referring to the reference date 1 June 2020, while Eurobase data are referring to the number of animals on 1 December 2020.

Sheep (A4100) regional data: Eurobase data are referring to the place of rearing, while IFS data are referring to the location of the main activity of the holding. 

The data are internally consistent. This is ensured by the application of a wide range of validation rules.

See sub-categories below.

The regular survey on land area and sown area (May) as well as the survey on livestock (June) were not carried out in 2020 separately, questions related to those surveys were incorporated into the AC 2020 questionnaire.

Not available.

See sub-categories below.

The data were coming from administrative source.

No data revision policy was applied in case of FSS.

Not applicable

Not requested.

See sub-categories below.

See sub-categories below.

Farm Register

See sub-categories below.

Not applicable for 2019/2020.

Not applicable for 2019/2020.

Not applicable for 2019/2020.

See sub-categories below.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

See sub-categories below.

In case of Agricultural enterprises and key private farms (holdings exceeding certain physical threshold – census, no sampling;

In case of (Small) private farms (apart from key private farms) – stratified random sampling, where the stratification means geographical stratification (Unit location – NUTS3 level)

Farms were selected with simple random sampling within counties. The selection rate was different county by county. 
The extrapolation factors were calculated at county level.

Agricultural enterprises (units with legal entity)

Key-private farms (exceeding certain physical threshold)

The sample size was calculated on the basis of former FSS data.

See sub-categories below.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

See sub-categories below.

A common sample was used for LAFO and AHMM modules

In case of Agricultural enterprises and key private farms (holdings exceeding certain physical threshold – census, no sampling;

In case of (Small) private farms (apart from key private farms) – stratified random sampling, where the stratification means geographical stratification (Unit location – NUTS3 level)

Farms were selected with simple random sampling within counties. The selection rate was different county by county. 
The extrapolation factors were calculated at county level.

Agricultural enterprises (units with legal entity)

Key-private farms (exceeding certain physical threshold)

The sample size was calculated on the basis of former FSS data.

R

See sub-categories below.

The information is available on Eurostat's website.

See the attached Excel file in the Annex.

The information on innovative approaches and the quality methods applied is available on Eurostat's website.

The agricultural census is conducted every 10 years. The decennial agricultural census is complemented by sample or census-based data collections organised every 3-4 years in-between.

See sub-categories below.

Please find attached the Hungarian and the English version of the questionnaire in annex.

See sub-categories below.

First logical and arithmetical checks within and between the tables were implemented into HCSO's data collection application. (MAJA /Integrated Data Gathering System/ for private farms, ELEKTRA for legal entities)

Batch checks (arithmetical and logical) were run within HCSO's ADÉL applications (Uniform Data Entry and Validation System).

After data collection, some software tools were used during processing and validation (SQL, R, Excel).

Holdings outside the scope (over-coverage) were excluded.

Non-response, presumably eligible holdings were imputed.

The weights of the module's sample were adjusted after unit-size reclassification.

4.1%

Covered under Data compilation.

Not applicable to Integrated Farm Statistics, because it collects structural data on agriculture.

See sub-categories below.

CAP – Common Agricultural Policy

CAPI –  Computer Assisted Personal Interview

CATI – Computer Assisted Telephone Interview

CAWI – Computer Assisted Web Interview

FSS – Farm Structure Survey

IACS – Integrated Administration and Control System

IFS – Integrated Farm Statistics

LSU – Livestock units

NACE – Nomenclature of Economic Activities

NUTS – Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics

PAPI – Paper and Pencil Interview

SO – Standard output

UAA – Utilised agricultural area

No additional comments.