Eurostat is the statistical office of the European Union (EU) situated in
Luxembourg. Its mission is to provide high quality statistics for Europe, which
allow us to have the key information on Europe's economy, society and
environment that we need both as citizens and as decision makers.
Key figures on European business — Statistics illustrated describes the
situation in the EU's business economy. As a consequence, only initial findings
of the COVID-19 related impact on the business economy are provided: short-term
statistics are generally presented through to the end of 2020.
The full scale of the impact of the crisis will only be revealed at a later date,
not only when the pandemic has come to an end but also when structural business
statistics become available (generally some 18 months after the end of each
calendar year).
Key figures on European business — Statistics illustrated provides users
of official statistics with an overview of the wealth of information that is
available on Eurostat's website and within its online databases concerning the
business economy.
The publication is divided into an overview of the business economy as a whole,
an overview of the structure of the business economy, four chapters focusing on
the four parts of the business economy (industry, construction, distributive
trades and other non-financial services), and a final chapter focusing on
tourism.
Each of the four chapters focusing on diff rent parts of the business economy
starts with an overview of their structure. They continue with information on
annual developments from 2000 or 2005 through until 2019 or 2020 (the latest
year for which annual indices are available at the time of writing). Three of
these chapters also include information focused on a particular aspect:
high-tech sectors and products for industry, buildings for construction, and
information and communication services for other non-financial services. These
four chapters finish with a focus on the impact of the COVID-19 crisis, with an
analysis of the latest developments through to late 2020. Although based on diff
rent data sources, the tourism chapter follows a similar structure.
Data extraction
The statistical data presented in this publication were generally extracted in
November 2020. The data in the final sections of Chapters 3 to 7 pertaining to
the COVID-19 pandemic, short-term business statistics as well as international
trade in services were extracted in February 2021. The online database may
contain revised data.
Spatial data coverage
This publication presents information for the EU-27 (a
sum/average covering the 27 Member States of the EU) as well as the individual
EU Member States and EFTA countries. The order of the countries in the figures
usually reflects their ranking according to the values for (one of) the
indicator(s) illustrated.
The map on the inside cover page identifies the EU Member States
and the EFTA countries, as well as pinpointing their capital cities.
Temporal data coverage
If data for a reference year (or reference period) are not available for a
particular country, then efforts have been made to complete the coverage using
data for recent previous reference years (these exceptions are footnoted).
Economic activity coverage
The statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community
(NACE Rev. 2) is used to define economic activities. Within this publication,
the following terms related to a range of economic activities are applied — all
based on the NACE Rev. 2 classification.
- All economic activities — Sections A to U.
- Business economy — covers (as defined by Sections B to N and Division 95):
industry, construction, distributive trades and most other services.
- Non-financial business economy — covers (as defined by Sections B to J and L
to N and Division 95): industry, construction, distributive trades and most
other services outside of financial services.
- Core innovation activities — covers (as defined by Sections B to E, H, J, K
and Divisions 46 and 71-73): industry; transportation and storage services;
information and communication services; financial and insurance activities;
wholesale trade; architectural and engineering activities, technical testing
and analysis; scientific research and development; advertising and market
research.
- Industry — covers (as defined by Sections B to E): mining and quarrying;
manufacturing; electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; water
supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities.
- Manufacturing — Section C.
- High-tech manufacturing — covers (as defined by Divisions 21 and 26 and
Group 30.3): the manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and
pharmaceutical preparations; the manufacture of computer, electronic and
optical products; the manufacture of air and spacecraft and related
machinery.
- Construction — covers (as defined by Section F): the construction of
buildings; civil engineering; specialised construction activities.
- Non-financial services — covers (as defined by Sections G to J and L to N
and Division 95): distributive trades and most other services outside of
financial services.
- Non-financial services as used for short-term business statistics in Chapter
6 (sections on 'Developments' and ''Impact of COVID-19 pandemic') — covers
(as defined by Sections H to J, Divisions 69, 71, 73, 74, 78, 79, 80 and 82,
and Groups 70.2 and 81.2): transportation and storage services;
accommodation and food service activities; information and communication
services; professional, scientific and technical activities (other than
activities of head offices, scientific research and development, and
veterinary activities); administrative and support service activities (other
than rental and leasing activities, combined facilities support activities,
and landscape service activities).
- Other non-financial services — covers (as defined by Sections H to J and L
to N and Division 95): most services outside of distributive trades and
financial services.
- Core innovation services — covers (as defined by Sections H, J, K and
Divisions 46 and 71 to 73): transportation and storage services; information
and communication services; financial and insurance activities; wholesale
trade; architectural and engineering activities, technical testing and
analysis; scientific research and development; advertising and market
research.
- Distributive trades — covers (as defined by Section G): wholesale and retail
trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles.
- Information and communication services — covers (as defined by Section J):
publishing activities; motion picture, video and television programme
production, sound recording and music publishing activities; programming and
broadcasting activities; telecommunications; computer programming,
consultancy and related activities; information service activities.
- Tourist accommodation — covers (as defined by Groups 55.1-55.3): hotels and
similar accommodation; holiday and other short-stay accommodation; camping
grounds, recreational vehicle parks and trailer parks.
For more information about the NACE Rev. 2 classification, please refer to: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nace-rev2/overview.
Notes and flags
Notes and flags are means of explaining and defining specific characteristics of
particular data. This publication includes only the main notes required for
interpretation of the data and to highlight when a year has been replaced with
another. Data that are not shown in individual figures may be simply not
available or they may be confidential (in which case they are not published). A
full set of notes and flags are available on Eurostat's website (see below) via
the online data code(s).Notes and flags are means of explaining and defining
specific characteristics of particular data. In this publication, these have
been restricted as far as possible in order to allow more space for the
illustrations. The publication includes only the main notes required for
interpretation of the data and to highlight when a year has been replaced with
another. A full set of notes and flags are available on Eurostat's website (see
below) via the online data code(s).
The simplest way to obtain Eurostat's wide range of statistical information is
through its website.
Eurostat provides users with free access to its databases and its publications
in portable document format (PDF). The website is updated daily and presents the
latest and most comprehensive statistical information available on the EU, its
Member States, the EFTA countries, as well as enlargement countries and
potential candidates.
Eurostat online data codes, such as sbs_na_sca_r2, allow easy access to
the most recent data on Eurostat's website. In this publication these online data codes are
given as part of the source below each figure.
Some of the indicators presented in this publication are relatively complex.
Statistics Explained provides a comprehensive online glossary with definitions
for a broad range of statistical indicators, concepts and terms; it is organised
under thematic headings.