On 14 September, the Commission signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Ukraine in Kyiv for Macro-Financial Assistance (MFA) of up to EUR 1 billion in the form of medium- and long-term loans. With this assistance, the EU will continue to support economic stabilisation in the country, including through structural and governance reforms. The proposed new Macro-Financial Assistance complements three previous MFA programmes, through which the EU has supported Ukraine with a total of EUR 2.8 billion since the onset of the crisis in 2014, and a programme of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Funds will be disbursed in two instalments conditional on the implementation of specific policy measures agreed between Ukraine and the EU in the MoU, such as the fight against corruption, public finance management, the governance of state-owned enterprises and banks, and key social policies. Disbursements will also depend on the fulfilment of political preconditions which require Ukraine to continue to respect the rule of law and democratic mechanisms, including a multi-party parliamentary system, as well as to guarantee respect for human rights.