European Business Cycle Indicators (3rd Quarter 2021) – Special topic: New survey-based measures of economic uncertainty (15/10/2021)
The special topic in this EBCI takes a look at new questions on economic uncertainty that have been introduced in the Joint Harmonised EU Programme of Business and Consumer Surveys. In light of the COVID-19 shock, the new measures of perceived uncertainty are shown to provide reliable information at an early stage. The Commission will include the new uncertainty indicators in its regular releases of survey results as from October 2021.
Euro Area Housing Markets: Trends, Challenges and Policy Responses (20/09/2021)
The paper reviews housing markets developments in the euro area and their macroeconomic relevance and discusses policy approaches to address housing-related risks.
E-QUEST - A Multi-Region Sectoral Dynamic General Equilibrium Model with Energy: Model Description and Applications to Reach the EU Climate Targets (17/09/2021)
This paper provides a description of E-QUEST, a new micro-founded multi-region model with energy sectors that is used to analyse the macroeconomic impact of meeting the net zero emissions climate target of the European Union.
European Business Cycle Indicators – 2nd Quarter 2021 (19/07/2021)
The special topic in this EBCI explores to what extent selling and consumer price expectations from the Commission’s business and consumer surveys can provide additional information about further pressure on consumer prices going forward.
2021 Economic Reform Programmes of Albania, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo: The Commission's Overview and Country Assessments (16/07/2021)
This report contains the Commission's assessments of the 2021 Economic Reform Programmes (ERP) of countries that are candidates or potential candidates for EU membership.
Digitalisation and Beyond: The COVID-19 Pandemic and Productivity Growth in G20 Countries (16/07/2021)
This Economic Brief discusses productivity developments in G20 countries and policies to unlock productivity growth.
The 2021 Stability & Convergence Programmes: an Overview, with an Assessment of the Euro Area Fiscal Stance (16/07/2021)
This paper presents an overview of Member States’ 2021 Stability and Convergence Programmes and an assessment of the recent and prospective fiscal stance.
Trend Capital when Goods and Capital Market Frictions Exist (16/07/2021)
This paper estimates trend capital based on supply side factors and good and capital market frictions.
Quarterly Report on the Euro Area (QREA), Vol. 20, No. 2 (2021) (02/07/2021)
QREA Volume 20 N. 2 (2021) examines the macroeconomic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the euro area as a whole, as well cross-country macroeconomic divergences triggered by the pandemic.
Lockdown Policy Choices, Outcomes and the Value of Preparation Time: A stylised model (25/06/2021)
This paper presents a static model analysing COVID-19 lockdown measures in Member States in terms of their intensity and outcomes.
Economic Policy-Making Beyond GDP: An Introduction (25/06/2021)
This paper looks at the issues with GDP as an indicator, why they have become more pressing recently, and how the EU and other countries are trying to address them.
