Archive:EU and EFTA born population living in another EU or EFTA country - statistical overview
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This article looks at the size, composition and labour market situation of the foreign-born population of working age (from 20 to 64) residing within the EU-28 and EFTA, by their country of birth. The analysis addresses separately foreign-born people with origins in an EU-28/EFTA country (‘intra-EU-28/EFTA foreign-born population’) and those from other countries. It then compares these two broad categories with each other and with the EU-28/EFTA native-born population (i.e. people born in an EU-28/EFTA country who reside in their country of birth).
While intra-EU-28/EFTA mobility (i.e. the movement within the EU-28 and EFTA territories of people born in an EU-28/EFTA country) is analysed by country of birth, extra-EU28/EFTA foreign-born population (i.e. those residing in an EU-28/EFTA country but born outside them) is analysed solely as a single group without any breakdown by country of birth. This is because of quality constraints, for example because the small sample sizes either makes it difficult to obtain reliable estimates. The analysis is based on European Union — Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) data and covers the period between 2007 and 2017.
Main statistical findings
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In 2017, at least 5 out of every 100 people born in an EU-28/EFTA country resided in an EU-28/EFTA country other than their country of birth (5.5 %). That means 2 more people for every 100 people than in 2007 (3.5 %).
On average, over the whole decade, about 35 % of the total EU-28/EFTA foreign-born population were also born in an EU-28/EFTA country, while the remaining 65 % were born elsewhere in the world.
Over the decade, Romanian-born and Polish-born were the two most numerous intra-EU-28/EFTA foreign-born groups. In 2017, they accounted for 18.4 % and 17.2 % respectively of the total intra-EU-28/EFTA foreign-born population.
In 2017, 34.4 % (about 6.6 million) of the 15.3 million intra-EU-28/EFTA foreign-born population of working age were tertiary graduates, compared to 28.8 % of the third-country foreign-born population and 30.4 % of the native-born population residing within the EU-28 and EFTA countries.
The overall employment rate of the intra-EU-28/EFTA foreign-born population is significantly higher than among the third-country foreign-born population. This also holds true when comparing with employment rates of EU-28 and EFTA citizens that reside in their country of birth (with the exception of Cyprus and Luxembourg).
The difference in the employment rate between Greek-born people residing in an EU-28/EFTA country other than Greece and the Greek-resident population stood at +19 pp, the biggest difference recorded among intra-EU-28/EFTA foreign-born groups.
Foreign-born people originating in third countries were much less likely to be in employment than those originating in the EU-28/EFTA, chiefly because the average 54.1 % employment rate among foreign-born (outside of the EU/EFTA) women was 15.1 pp lower than that of women originating in an EU-28/EFTA country.
Between 2007 and 2017, there was a general narrowing of the gender gap in the employment rate for all three broad groups by origin.
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