Archive:Business demography - regional analysis

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The article presents the result from the pilot data collection on regional business demography in the European Union (EU). The European Commission needs regional business demography to better assess and monitor the quality of the business environment in the regions of the European Union. A substantial share of Cohesion Policy funds (350 billion Euro between 2007-2013) was dedicated for improving the business environment and entrepreneurship. In particular, Cohesion Policy targets to support SMEs and newly born businesses, to boost their growth and the innovative capacity. Given the regional nature of most of Cohesion Policy programmes, regional business demography indicators would reveal where most new businesses are created and how quickly firms grow.

Regional Business Demography 2012 data collection followed an explicit request made by Directorate-General for Regional and urban Policy (DG REGIO) to Eurostat. The pilot exercise intended to test the feasibility of the most detail level of regional breakdown (NUTS 2 and NUTS 3) of already available national business demography data for the reference years 2008, 2009 and 2010. Luxembourg, Cyprus and Malta are not concerned, as they consist of only one NUTS 3 region (or two in the case of Malta).

Eleven countries participated based on grant agreements (Bulgaria, Denmark, Spain, France, Hungary, Austria, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland and the Nederland) and six countries on a voluntary basis (Czech Republic, Italy, Lithuania, Poland, Estonia and Portugal).

Table, Figure or Map X: Full title of the Table, Figure or Map
Source: Eurostat (educ_ilang)

Main statistical findings

Highlights

Business demography statistics at the country level can hide substantial differences between regions.
Significant regional differences exist mainly in the smaller economies, although for France, Italy and Spain sizeable regional differences also exist in death rates.
Within large economies, differences in the rates of births and deaths of enterprises are driven mainly by micro firms.
Birth rates of enterprises tend to be higher in the capital region compared to the national average, while death rates are typically closer to the average.

Birth rate

Birth rates of enterprises at NUTS 3 level for the reference year 2010 and for the total business economy of NACE Rev.2 (section B to S, excluding section O and group K642) is presented in Table 1. The results are promising with plausible trends at the regional level. For example, birth rates of enterprises tend to be higher in (or around) the capital region and in regions with a significant tourism industry (Algarve in Portugal and along the South coast of Spain). In Austria and Italy, the birth rates were particularly low. In other countries, there are also large regional differences, though in some cases this is mainly due to a single region, such as the highest rate of Ilfov in Romania, Varna in Bulgaria and in Denmark: Byen Kobenhavn (with a high rate) and Bornholm (a low rate).

Death rate

Death rates of enterprises at NUTS 3 level for the reference year 2009 and for the total business economy of NACE Rev.2 (section B to S, excluding section O and group K642) is presented in Table 2. The death rates were particularly high in Romania, Slovakia and in most Polish regions as well as in southern regions of Spain (e.g. in Andalucia and Murcia), Italy (e.g. Calabria) and the eastern regions of Denmark. Low death rates were recorded in the Netherlands, Austria, north-east Italy and in several regions in France. Interestingly, regions in Poland and Slovakia tended to record high rates of both births and deaths of enterprises, indicating a high level of churn. In Romania, high death rates were accompanied by low rates of birth in 2010, reflecting the further contraction of the economy following the severe recession in 2009.

High-growth enterprises (growth by 10% or more)

Table 3 show the share of high growth enterprises among the country's regions for the reference year 2010 and for the total business economy of NACE Rev.2 (section B to S, excluding section O and group K642). The results also vary across Europe, with high shares in France, Slovakia and the Netherlands. In Denmark, Estonia, Romania and Austria the share of high growth enterprises is low, between 4.1% and 6%. Within countries, large disparities are registered in particular in France, Italy, Portugal and Spain. In most countries, the highest rates are registered outside the capital region. The region with the highest share in France is Guyane, while in the Netherlands Zuidoost-Zuid-Holland has the highest share. In Italy, 17 of the top 20 high-growth regions are located in the Southern part of the country, and the highest share is registered in Medio Campidano (Sardinia). In Spain, Menorca registers a very low performance.

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Notes

[[Category:<Business demography>|Business demography - regional analysis]] [[Category:<Structural business statistics>|Business demography - regional analysis]] [[Category:<Statistical article>|Business demography - regional analysis]]