Timeliness refers to the speed of the dissemination of the data - i.e., the lapse of time between the end of a reference period (or a reference date) and the dissemination of the data. In Statistical Data and Metadata Exchange (SDMX), "Timeliness and Punctuality" is a single entity.
Timeliness reflects many factors, including some that are related to institutional arrangements, such as the preparation of accompanying commentary and printing. Punctuality refers to the possible time lag existing between the actual delivery date of the data and the target date when the data should have been delivered, e.g. dates announced in an official release calendar or previously agreed among partners.