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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: EUROPEAN STATISTICAL DATA SUPPORT |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Statistics Estonia |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Economic and Environmental Statistics Department |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Tatari 51, 10134 Tallinn |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 26/09/2023 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 26/09/2023 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 26/09/2023 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
Physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) is one module of the European environmental-economic accounts - Regulation (EU) 691/2011 Annex VI. PEFA record the flows of energy (in terajoules) from the environment to the economy (natural inputs), within the economy (products), and from the economy back to the environment (residuals), using the accounting framework of physical supply and use tables. PEFA provide information on energy flows arranged in a way fully compatible with concepts, principles, and classifications of national accounts – thus enabling integrated analyses of environmental, energy and economic issues e.g. through environmental-economic modelling. PEFA complement the traditional energy statistics, balances and derived indicators which are the main reference data source for EU energy policies.
The PEFA questionnaire is available on Eurostat's website: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/environment/methodology |
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3.2. Classification system | |||
Physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) datasets have the following dimensions:
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
The data set covers the entire national economy as defined in national accounts (ESA 2010, paragraph 2.04), as well as its physical relation to economies in the rest of the world and the environment.
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
Physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) are conceptually rooted in the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) which is an international statistical standard. The SEEA central framework provides standard concepts, definitions, classifications, accounting rules and tables for the provision of statistics on the environment and its relationship with the economy. |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
Data refer to activities of resident economic units in the sense of SEEA CF 2012 and national accounts (ESA), including households. |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
The national economy is as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and national accounts (ESA); i.e. all economic activities undertaken by resident units (see ESA 2010, paragraph 2.04). A unit is said to be a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (1 year or more) in economic activities in that territory. |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
Estonia |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
Data from 2014 to 2021 |
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3.9. Base period | |||
Not applicable. |
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The unit of measure is terajoule (TJ). |
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The data refer to the calendar year. |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
PEFA are legally covered by Regulation (EC) No. 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts as amended by Regulation (EU) No. 538/2014. EEEA currently include six modules (air emissions accounts, environmentally related taxes by economic activity, economy-wide material flow accounts, environmental protection expenditure accounts, environmental goods and services sector accounts, and physical energy flow accounts). |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
Not applicable. |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
The rules of confidentiality followed in Estonia are that avalue of indicator is confidential if a) it makes up more than 90% of the total value, and b) if it comprises less than 3 units. Most cells that have been marked confidential are marked so because of these rules. After the primary confidentiality is assigned, it is necessary to find the secondary confidential cells. In Statistics Estonia in order to find secondary confidential cells the programme Tau-Argus is used. |
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
Data on PEFA are not confidential in Estonia. |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
Data on PEFA for 2014-2021 will be published on Statistics Estonia website on 30th of September 2023. The preannounced schedule of publication of data is announed at the beginning of year. |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
Link to the release calendar on Statistics Estonia website is: |
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8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
The users are informed about the data will being released via release calendar published on Statistics Estonia website at the beginning of the year. The statistical data are disseminated to all users at the same time via Statistics Estonia website. |
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Data are disseminated annually. |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
News releases are not made |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
A Statistics Explained article on is partially based on PEFA data. |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
We publish PEFA data in the online database of Statistics Estonia. https://andmed.stat.ee/en/stat/keskkond__keskonna-arvepidamine__energia-arvepidamine/KK11 |
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10.3.1. Data tables - consultations | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Not applicable. |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
No any other format was used for dissemination of data Physical Energy Flow Accounts (PEFA). |
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10.5.1. Metadata - consultations | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
https://www.stat.ee/en/find-statistics/methodology-and-quality/esms-metadata/10105 |
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10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
No other quality documents besides Quality Reports submitted to Eurostat together with PEFA Questionnaire data have been compiled. |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
The control checks implemented into PEFA Questionnaire 2023 were used for detecting potential errors or inconsistencies before the data were transmitted to Eurostat. |
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
Statistics Estonia performs all statistical activities according to an international model (Generic Statistical Business Process Model – GSBPM). According to the GSBPM, the final phase of statistical activities is overall evaluation using information gathered in each phase or sub-process; this information can take many forms, including feedback from users, process metadata, system metrics and suggestions from employees. This information is used to prepare the evaluation report which outlines all the quality problems related to the specific statistical activity and serves as input for improvement actions. |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Users of Physical Energy Flow Account (PEFA) derived indicators include policy makers in environmental ministries, environmental organisations, researchers and students. |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
No surveys are conducted on user satisfaction. |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
All the cells in Questionaire tables for the year 2014-2021 were filled in. |
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12.3.1. Data completeness - rate | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
The overall accuracy is considered to be good. |
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13.2. Sampling error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.1. Coverage error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.2. Measurement error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.3. Non response error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.4. Processing error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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13.3.5. Model assumption error | |||
Not applicable to statistical accounts. |
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
PEFA data are published on Statistics Estonia website at the same time the data were sent to Eurostat (T+21) |
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14.1.1. Time lag - first result | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.1.2. Time lag - final result | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data on PEFA are compiled according to international guidelines and insofar comparable. Application of the PEFA Builder tool ensures comparability to a certain extent. |
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15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable. |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Please see the table in 15.2.1.1. |
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15.2.1. Length of comparable time series | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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15.2.1.1. Comparability - over time detailed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Please use below table for explaining b)-flags (breaks in time series):
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PEFA data are coherent with National Accounts, Air Emission Accounts, Environmental Taxes Accounts and Energy statistics. |
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15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable; reported PEFA data are only annual. |
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15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The data are coherent with principles, definitions and concepts in National Accounts (ESA - European System of Accounts), energy statistics (IRES - International Recommendations for Energy Statistics), and Environmental Accounting (SEEA - System of Environmental-Economic Accounting). |
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15.3.3. Do you cooperate with national colleagues compiling AEA? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yes, we cooperate with colleaugues compling AEA. Air emissions accounts (AEA) and physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) employ the same groupings of elementary economic units (NACE Rev. 2 activities) as the ESA supply and use tables. |
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15.3.4. Are there compilation elements that PEFA compilers jointly undertake with AEA compilers (e.g. distribution of road transport fuel use and emissions by NACE)? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The NACE categories of resident units were complient for both cases and are based on National Accounts. The same devision keys were used for allocation use and air emissions of solid biofuels to NACE industries and households. The same weighted average calorific values of oil shale used as fuel were used for energy usesand calculations of air emissions. |
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15.3.5. Do you report in PEFA imports and exports according to the SEEA-CF concepts for trade in goods (see SEEA-CF section 3.3.3, paras. 3.121 ff., and para. 1.46)? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yes |
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15.3.6. Do you perform cross-domain plausibility checks between your PEFA data on air transport versus OECD's data on CO2-emissions of air transport? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yes |
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15.3.7. Do you perform cross-domain plausibility checks between PEFA data points and corresponding data points in energy statistics (see PEFA validation rules)? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yes |
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15.3.8. Do you perform cross-domain plausibility checks between PEFA data points and the corresponding data points in economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA) (see PEFA validation rules)? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yes |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eurostat's validation procedures should ensure full internal consistency, at least for the mandatory data points. |
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6 full-time equivalents in months. |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
The data revision policy and notification of corrections are described in the dissemination policy of Statistics Estonia at https://www.stat.ee/en/statistics-estonia/about-us/strategy/principles-dissemination-official-statistics. |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
In the reporting cycle 2023, there are corrections to previously published data for reference years 2014-2020. With colleagues compiling AEA was worked out new methodology of air emissions arising from road transport by resident abroad. The data and methodology of road transport by Estonian residents abroad were revised due to the change of the data source. New methods based on official transport statistics were preferred and earlier data were revised. The revision of national accounts respective datasets has also been also initiated.
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17.2.1. Data revision - average size | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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18.1. Source data | |||
Data sources used to produce physical energy flow accounts are described in the following sub-concepts. |
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18.1.1. Which are the main data sources you employ for the use of natural energy inputs (i.e. who is extracting)? | |||
Data sources were: 5 IEA/Euroatat Joint Questionnaires, energy statistics basic data, database of Estonian Geological Survey, fiscal year reports of enterprises, Yearbook of Oil Shale Industry, database of Estonian electricity and gas transmission system operator Elering. |
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18.1.2. Which are the main data sources you employ for supply of energy products (e.g. electricity, refinery products etc.)? | |||
Data sources were: 5 IEA/Euroatat Joint Questionnaires, energy statistics basic data, air emissions accounts, National Point Sources Air Emission Database of facilities having air pollution permits managed by Estonian Environment Agency; reports of enterprises for Estonian Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Registry managed by Ministry of Environment. |
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18.1.3. Which are the main data sources you employ for the transformation use by energy transforming entities (NACE 2-digit divisions)? | |||
Energy statistics basic data |
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18.1.4. Which are the main data sources you employ for the end use by end user entities (including non-energy use)? | |||
5 IEA/Euroatat Joint Questionnaires, energy statistics basic data, statistical survey „Manufactured goods”; environmental taxes accounts, air emissions accounts, National Point Sources Air Emission Database of facilities having air pollution permits managed by Estonian Environment Agency; reports of enterprises for Estonian Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Registry managed by Ministry of Environment; Waste Management Data System managed by Estonian Environment Agency |
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18.1.5. Which auxiliary data do you use to develop 'distribution keys' to assign energy use to the detailed breakdown of production activities (NACE 2-digit divisions) and categories of household consumption? | |||
We use energy statistics basic data, the NACE categories of resident units were complient for PEFA are based on National Accounts and Questionaire for statistics on final energy consumption in households. |
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18.1.6. Do you use the PEFA builder? If yes: for populating the PEFA Tables, or for control only? | |||
Yes, PEFA_Builder_v5.7.1 was used for population of PEFA tables. |
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18.1.7. Which data sources do you use to make adjustments for the residence principle? | |||
The same approach was used which was worked out for Air Emissions Accounts. Estimations of transport disel from road transport of residents’ enterprises abroad are based on transport statistics (Road Traffic on National Territory for National and Foreign Vehicles by Type of Vehicle and Type of Road). Expenditures for purchase of fuel for road transport gasoline made abroad based on National Accounts data and data about expenditures for transport made by residents during their holiday trips, visiting friends or relatives and other trips abroad from one side and fuel prices the European Commission's Oil Bulletin from another side were used for calculation of the adjustments due to residential principle for road transport used by residence abroad. Adjustments due to residential principle for road transport fuels by non-residents were made based on tourism satellite account in cooperation with colleagues dealing with Environmental Taxes Accounts and National Accounts. In case of adjustments for the residence principles for fishing and marine transport expenditures for purchase of fuel made abroad from National Accounts and fuel prises from environmental taxes accounts were used. In addition, quantity of bunkered fuels were divided between residents and non-residents based on energy statistics data and quantity of fuels bunkered by residents were added to quantity of fuels used for marine transport by residents.
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Data are collected annually. |
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18.3. Data collection | |||
Data are collected by means of a questionnaire (deadline 30 September). Data collection is regulated in Regulation (EU) 691/2011 Annex VI. Respondents are given access to a supporting tool for the calculation of PEFA from energy statistics (PEFA Builder). |
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18.4. Data validation | |||
Data are extensively checked via a validation procedure using IT tools for the checking of formal compliance, consistency and plausibility. More about data validation can be found in point 11.1. |
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18.5. Data compilation | |||
Data are compiled according to international methodological guidelines. |
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18.5.1. Imputation - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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18.5.2. Do you assign all supply of electricity and heat to NACE D35, or do you assign some to other NACE divisions than D35? Is the assignment you did fully aligned to the ESA monetary supply table submitted by your country? | |||
We used PEFA_Builder. Supply of electricity and heat of autoproducers was assigned to economic activities of these autoproducers. The NACE category of autoproducers was aligned with National Accounts. |
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18.5.3. Which method do you use for the allocation of road transport energy use to NACE industries and households? | |||
For the allocation of road transport energy use to NACE industries and households the expenditures on the road transport fuels in National Accounts was used as a distribution key. The same division keys were used in Air Emissions Accounts. The factors connecting expenditures for fuel from National Accounts and air emissions from road transport fuels were worked out. The methodology for division of air emissions arising from road transport by economic activities was worked out during pilot project and described in detail in final report of project (”Air Emissions and environmental taxes accounts”. Final report of Grant Agreement No 50904.2010.004-2010.590, Tallinn 2013) |
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18.5.4. Which method do you use for the allocation of energy use to detailed service industries (i.e. NACE 2-digit divisions 55-98)? | |||
We use energy statistics basic data and the NACE categories of resident units were complient for PEFA are based on National Accounts. We use PEFA_NaceBreakdown |
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18.5.5. How do you ensure a coherent assignment of energy use to economic activities (i.e. the use of energy products by a given production activity (NACE A*64 division) reported in PEFA must be coherent with the emissions reported in AEA)? | |||
The NACE categories of resident units were complient for both cases and are based on National Accounts. The same devision keys were used for allocation of road transport energy use and air emissions to NACE industries and householdsland transport. |
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18.6. Adjustment | |||
Not applicable. |
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18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment | |||
Not applicable. |
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