job vacancies: Quarterly Labour Report (from 2019)

occupied posts: Social Security Reports (from 2019)

The Quarterly Labour Report was introduced in 2019 replacing the previous Monthly Labour Report and the quarterly job vacancy statistics report.

As of 2019 the number of occupied jobs, however, is based on adminitsrative data, the Social Seciruty Report of the National Tax and Customs Administration.

The Quarterly Labour Report (QLR) was introduced in 2019 replacing the previous Monthly Labour Report and the quarterly job vacancy statistics report.

The reference population of the previous vacancy statistics was somewhat extended, the sample size grew a bit larger (the sample size reached that of the previous monthly labour survey).

The quarterly labour survey serves as the major source of vacancy as well as earnings statistics.

The job vacancy data of the Quarterly Labour Report covers all enterprises with more than 49 persons employed and enterprises with employees between 5 and 49 persons on a representative basis. The budgetary organizations are observed on a full-scope basis and certain non-profit institutions (in sectors E, P, Q) employed persons from 3 people, otherwise over 49 people take part all in the survey. All establishments are classified in NACE Rev.2.1 A to S. Sampling frame is based on the Business Register.

The sample is selected using stratified random sampling. Sample coordination is used at the HCSO, so the selection of different surveys are coordinated, as well as the consecutive yearly samples of the QLR survey (i.e. sample rotation is applied). Approximately the 2/3 of the previous year’s sample remains in the sample, and the other 1/3 is replaced by population units that were not in the previous year’s sample.   

In order to improve the quality of the QLR, the method of sampling was modified: in addition to the sales revenue, gross earnings were also take into account for determining the sample size of the strata. The number of organisations in the sample decreased in the size class 5-9 employees while increased in the size class 20-49 employees.

reference population enterprises with 5-49 employees: 80490 (2022) from this the sample size: 9441

The survey is based on stratified probability sampling. The criteria for stratification are the following:

- economic activity [in construction (two-digit level divisions 41–43) within the three-digit level group 42.1 the various four-digit level classes, otherwise the various groups; within divisions 45, 46, 47 and 56 groups 45.1, 46.9, 47.3 and 56.1, respectively, moreover, the other groups; within divisions 10, 18, 25, 31, 49, 52 and 85 classes 10.71, 18.12, 25.11, 31.09, 49.41, 52.29 and 85.59, respectively, furthermore the other classes],

- size (categories: 20–49, 10–19 and 5–9 persons employed),

- place of the headquarter (categories: Budapest and the countryside).

The total samples sizes are determined by taking into account both accuracy demands and cost limitation. Grossing up by simple inflation, the sample sizes for the various strata are determined by

where N_j is the population size of the stratum, u = 1.96 is the standard normal percentile belonging to the level of confidence 0.95, C_j is the coefficient of variation calculated from data of previous surveys and v_j is the relative margin of error (the radius of the relative confidence interval) which we would like not to exceed. Then the percentage sampling rate is given by the formula

The values of v_j are determined in such a way that the sample scheme should correspond to a modified Neyman allocation.

The Neyman allocation is based on the variance of the sales revenue and on the gross earnings, both variables are taken from administrative data sources.

Data of those non-respondents of which – on the basis of information on the cause of non-response – we suppose that they would have sent us a questionnaire with only zero values are imputed by zero. Data of the other non-respondents are imputed by the mean value of the amalgamated Budapest–countryside stratum. Though the variables under consideration do not have very high variance between enterprises, we pay attention to outliers. In order to compare enterprises of different strata, we standardize the variables and modify them according to the (sampling) size of the stratum. (This modification is necessary because the fewer the data the higher is the probability of higher value.) Enterprises with modified value larger than a threshold are considered to be outliers. (The threshold values for the various variables are determined on the basis of mathematical and experimental considerations.) Outliers are not included in the gross up procedure, they are handled separately.

In the course of the processing indicators are estimated by strata for the sampled enterprises and the enterprises enumerated completely. In case of the non-specific characteristics (occupied jobs, and job vacancies), the population total is estimated directly from the elementary data. Within the various sampled strata the sampling weight

is determined, and the monthly (last month of the quarter) population total Y_j is estimated by the Horwitz-Thompson estimator with equal selection probabilities:

where y_j is the sample total in the jth stratum.

The totals estimated in the above way are broken down first among the four-digit level economic activity classes, then among the counties of the countryside.

Budgetary organisations have been obliged to use a standardized system for payroll (KIRA) from 2001 onwards and almost every public institution has launched this system. Information concerning job vacancies and occupied posts were provided within the framework of this system. The deadline for the central and local budgetary sending data to HCSO is 20 days after the end of the reference period.

From 2019 the source of occupied posts for enterprises and non-profit institutions is an administrative source: Social Security Reports provided by the National Tax and Customs Administration. We get data 35 days after the reference quarter. From these data we calculate the occupied posts for the last day of the reference quarter.

Data collection method: Electronic 100%

Budgetary organisations have been obliged to use a standardized system for payroll (KIRA) from 2001 onwards and almost every public institution has launched this system. Information concerning job vacancies and occupied posts were provided within the framework of this system. The deadline for the central and local budgetary sending data to HCSO is 20 days after the end of the reference period.

In the Quarterly Labour Report the JV data of those non-respondents of which – on the basis of information on the cause of non-response – we suppose that they would have sent us a questionnaire with only zero values are imputed with zero.  Data of the other non-respondents are imputed by the mean value of the amalgamated Budapest–countryside stratum.

Though the variables under consideration do not have very high variance between enterprises, we pay attention to outliers. In order to compare enterprises of different strata, we standardize the variables and modify them according to the (sampling) size of the stratum. (This modification is necessary because the fewer the data, the higher is the probability of higher value.) Enterprises with modified value larger than a threshold are considered to be outliers. (The threshold values for the various variables are determined on the basis of mathematical and experimental considerations.) Outliers are not included in the gross up procedure, they are handled separately.

In the course of the processing, indicators are estimated for the sampled enterprises and the enterprises enumerated completely. In case of the non-specific characteristics (occupied jobs, and job vacancies), the population total is estimated directly from the elementary data.

The sampling weights are calculated using calibration technique. The auxiliary variables are taken from the Social Security Reports. After getting the calibrated weight for each sampling unit, the population totals for the j-th stratum is estimated by the following formula:

where w_ji and y_ji are the calibrated weight and the value of the given variable for the i^th unit. The population total is simply the sum of the stratum totals.

The totals estimated in the above way are broken down first among the four-digit level economic activity classes, then among the counties of the countryside.

The occupied posts come from the Social Security Report as of 2019, which is an administrative source, so there is no need for weighting method.

See 5.1. Relevance - User Needs.

- a detailed plan and timetable for completing implementation

- a summary of the remaining deviations from EU concepts

-  Definitions are fully harmonized

-  Scope is also fully implemented taking account of NACE sections (sections B to S of NACE Rev 2.); however data of small enterprises (the ones with less than 5 employees) are missing. In order to reduce the reporting burden of small establishments, we are working on the process to be able to give estimates based on admin data.

-  Breakdown of variables is mostly fully implemented.

value:  and  respectively.

Under-coverage can arise if an enterprise that is element of the full-scope part starts to work after the updating. In this case this data supplier goes into the data set next quarter.

Multiple listings is not known because all of the enterprises are identified by a unique number.

- in 2022 (as annual average) - 5.3% 

Vacancy data are not imputed.

The occupied posts come from an administrative source as of 2019. If the data of the enterprise are missing from the last month of the reference quarter we impute the missing data with the data of the middle month of the reference quarter. If there are no data for the middle month, we do not impute.

Direct adjustment is used.

Data are revised every quarter, i.e. 4 times in a year.

See information on seasonal adjustment in annexes

Time span between the end of the reference period and the release of first results (preliminary data) is ususally 70-75 days.

2022Q1: t + 2,5 months

2022Q2: t + 2,5months

2022Q3: t + 2,5 months

2022Q4: t + 2,5 months

2022: t + 2,5 months

The national definition of a job vacancy is slightly different from the European one. The national definition is as follows:

Job vacancy is a paid post that is newly created, unoccupied, or about to become vacant.

(a) for which the employer is taking active steps and is prepared to take further steps to find a suitable candidate from outside the enterprise concerned;

(b) which the employer intends to fill either immediately or within a specific period of time of 3 months.

The period of time is unlimited in the case of the European definition.

The source of job vacancies and occuped post are different as of 2019.

The change of the source of job vacancies has no effect to the data. The change of the source of occupied posts caused breake in the timeline.

The definition of occupied posts changed in 2006. Data of occupied posts excluded employees working less than 60 hours per month until 2006. That group means 2% of the total.  

The definition of job vacancies also changed in 2006.  "Job vacancy shall mean a paid post that is newly created, unoccupied, or about to become vacant immediately or within 4 weeks until 2006 and within 3 months from 2006 onwards".   

 The comparison between the JVS occupied posts and the LFS number of employees together with the Beveridge curve are in the annexes below.

Quarterly

Meta information: http://www.ksh.hu/apps/meta.main?p_lang=EN

Methodology:

http://www.ksh.hu/apps/meta.main?p_lang=EN