1.1. Contact organisation
Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (STATEC)
Sub-contractor: infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH (infas)
1.2. Contact organisation unit
STATEC
Social Statistics Division (SOC) / Unit "Living Conditions" (SOC1)
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
STATEC, 12 Boulevard du Jazz, L-4370 Belval
infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH
Kurt-Schumacher-Str. 24, 53113 Bonn
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
29 December 2024
2.2. Metadata last posted
29 December 2024
2.3. Metadata last update
29 December 2024
3.1. Data description
The EU survey on the use of ICT in households and by individuals is an annual survey conducted since 2002. In Luxembourg, it has been conducted since 2002.
In 2024, the survey collects data on the access to information and communication technologies (ICT), on the use of the internet, Internet Perception, Cyberbullying, e-government, and e-commerce, internet of things, as well as green ICT.
3.1.1. Survey name in national and English languages
National language:
Offiziel Ëmfro vum STATEC iwwert d’Benotze vum Internet 2024
Enquête officielle du STATEC sur l'utilisation d'Internet 2024
English: Official STATEC survey on Internet use 2024
Questionnaire(s) in national language(s) and the translation in English are available in the Annexes below.
Annexes:
LU-Questionnaire_2024_EN
LU-Questionnaire_2024_DE
LU-Questionnaire_2024_FR
LU-Questionnaire_2024_LU
3.2. Classification system
The following common concepts and definitions apply under the Integrated European Social Statistics (IESS):
- the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011 published in the following breakdowns: low (ISCED levels 0-2: no formal education, primary education or lower secondary education), medium (ISCED levels 3-4: upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education) and high (ISCED levels 5-6: tertiary programmes which normally need a successful completion of ISCED 3 or 4, or second-stage tertiary education leading to an advanced research qualification);
- the International Standard Classification for Occupation ISCO-08 at the 2-digit level;
- the Classification of Economic Activities (NACE Rev.2-2008), at section level;
- the Common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS 1) – finer granularity of NUTS 2 is provided on optional basis by some Member States;
- the SCL – Geographical code list;
- information about household income is provided at lower level of detail.
Additional classifications used in the national questionnaire: None.
3.3. Coverage - sector
The ICT survey in households and by individuals covers those households having at least one member in the age group 16 to 74 years old. Internet access of households refers to the percentage of households that have an internet access, so that anyone in the household could use the internet.
3.3.1. Differences in scope at national level
None
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
The survey is collecting data of internet users, individuals who have used the internet in the three months prior to the survey. Regular internet users are individuals who used the internet, on average, at least once a week in the three months prior to the survey.
This annual survey is used to benchmark ICT-driven developments, both by following developments for core variables over time and by looking in greater depth at other aspects at a specific point in time. While the survey initially concentrated on access and connectivity issues, its scope has subsequently been extended to cover a variety of subjects (for example, the use of internet, e-government, eID, and e-commerce, e-skills and privacy and protection of personal data) and socio-economic analysis (such as regional diversity, gender specificity, differences in age, education and the employment situation). The scope of the survey with respect to different technologies is also adapted so as to cover new product groups and means of delivering communication technologies to end-users.
For more details on the methodology applicable in each survey year, please consult the Compiler's Manual for the respective year (Methodological Manual - Information society statistics).
Deviations from standard ICT concepts: None
3.5. Statistical unit
Households and Individuals
3.6. Statistical population
In the ICT usage survey, the target population for the different statistical units is:
- individuals: all individuals aged 16 to 74 (living in a private household);
- households: all (private) households with at least one member aged 16 to 74.
Target population composed of households and/or individuals:
- Number of households: 228 000
- Number of individuals: 514 040
3.6.1. Non-compulsory age groups
Non-compulsory age groups also included in the target population:
| No | Yes | Age scope | |
| Individuals younger than 16? | x | ||
| Individuals older than 74? | x |
3.6.2. Population not covered by the data collection
| Non-target population (the difference between the total population and the target population) | Households | Individuals |
|---|---|---|
| Approximate number of units outside the general scope of the survey (for example individuals younger than 16 or older than 74; households with all members over 74 years old). | 27 899 | 155 552 |
| Estimate of the resulting percentage of under-coverage (non-covered population compared to the total country), if applicable | 10% | 24% |
3.7. Reference area
The whole country is covered.
3.8. Coverage - Time
Year 2024
3.9. Base period
Not applicable
Percentages of ‘Households’ and Percentages of ‘Individuals’
For most questions the reference period is the last three months before the interview. Questions in the modules on e-government refer to the 'last 12 months' before the interview.
Deviation from this assertion: None
5.1. Survey period
11 June 2024 – 14 August 2024
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
The legal basis for the 2024 EU survey on the use of ICT in households and by individuals is the Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 October 2019 establishing a common framework for European statistics relating to persons and households, based on data at individual level collected from samples (OJ L 261 I, 14 October 2019, p. 1), as implemented by the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1484 of 18 July 2023 specifying the technical items of the data set, establishing the technical formats for transmission of information and specifying the detailed arrangements and content of the quality reports on the organisation of a sample survey in the use of information and communication technologies domain for reference year 2024 in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 182, 19 July 2023, pp. 100-149) and Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1797 of 7 July 2023 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council by specifying the number and titles of the variables for the use of information and communication technologies statistics domain for the reference year 2024 (OJ L 233, 21 September 2023).
Complementary national legislation constituting the legal basis for the survey on the use of ICT in households and by individuals: STATEC's organic law on 10 July 2011 which defines STATEC's main missions
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
None
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
A flyer is sent to the sampled individuals to remind them their rights in terms of personal data protection.
STATEC strictly follows the EU General Data Protection Regulation.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
"STATEC", acronym for National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, was founded in 1962 as a result of the merger between the General Office of Statistics and the Economic Studies and Documentation Service. It was reformed by the Law of 10 July 2011 (document available in French only).
This law specifies the missions of STATEC and its internal organisation, and it defines its framework and the careers of the employees and civils servants. Articles 13 and 17 state two special clauses, which are the legal obligation of responding and the statistical confidentiality:
Statistical obligation: Public administrations, individuals and legal entities are required to provide the requested statistical information. This obligation is backed by the right of investigation of STATEC’s agents. Refusal to provide the information within the deadline or the provision of false information is punishable by fine.
Statistical confidentiality: The information collected by STATEC can only be used for statistical purposes. Any administrative or fiscal use is forbidden. The specific information of surveyed individuals and legal entities may in no case be disclosed. STATEC’s officials and representatives are held personally liable for the strict observance of the statistical confidentiality, subject to disciplinary and penal sanctions.
8.1. Release calendar
Once the microdata have been transmitted and validated by Eurostat, ICT-based aggregates are published on STATEC's web portal and made publicly available to data users
8.2. Release calendar access
None
8.3. Release policy - user access
Aggregates are published on STATEC's web portal and publicly available
Microdata are accessible upon request by STATEC's Data Protection Officer and only for research purposes
Annual
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
None
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
Short publications presenting the main results of the survey: descriptive statistics ("Regards"), infographics etc.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database
More information at this website on STATEC online site with ICT survey main statistical figures.
10.3.1. Data tables - consultations
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
Microdata accessible upon request to STATEC's data protection officer; only for research purposes
10.5. Dissemination format - other
Ad hoc extractions of statistical aggregated are possible upon request as long as data confidentiality is guaranteed
10.5.1. Metadata - consultations
On request only for research purposes
10.6. Documentation on methodology
The methodological report in German is avaiable in the annex.
Annexes:
Methodological Report ICT 2024 Luxembourg
10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate
The metadata completeness-rate was 100.0 %.
10.7. Quality management - documentation
Information not available
11.1. Quality assurance
Before the questionnaire was fielded, it was thoroughly tested and the process of the correct storing of the entered data was checked. An extensive certification of the questionnaire by all involved departments had been undertaken before field release.
This minimized the risks of filter errors and of errors caused by automated processes.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
The data of the first filled out questionnaires were checked to assess the correct functioning of the filters and the plausibility of responses.
Every day, telephone field coordinators listened live to ongoing interviews to examine the quality of interviewers' work. They were prepared to support the interviewers at any time to help them solve problems if needed.
Interviewers were assessed with respect to:
- quality of their presentation;
- quality of persuasion;
- quality of listening (clearness, rapidness, respect for instructions);
- neutral positioning;
- management of the interview.
Survey microdata were fully checked and validated for statistical consistency.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
ICT microdata are used by Ministry of Digitalization and by researchers and policy makers in general.
In particular, ICT data are used in order to assess the digital gap in the population, particularly between the age groups.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
No user satisfaction survey was done.
12.3. Completeness
All of the variables required for transmission have been included in the microdata.
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate
Data completeness rate is 100 %.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
The ICT survey in Luxembourg suffers from both sampling and non-sampling errors. Sampling errors are caused by the survey interviewing only a fraction (2506 individuals aged between 16 and 74) of the target population, while non-sampling errors are caused by other factors such as the undercoverage of certain segments of the population, unit and item non-response or measurement errors to some questions. It is worth noting the ICT questionnaire may happen to be complex and cumbersome to certain groups of people who are not very accustomed of using digital technologies.
13.2. Sampling error
The sampling error reflects the fact that only a particular sample was surveyed rather than the entire population. It is estimated by the standard error and can be expressed by the square root of the estimate of the sampling variance.
The estimation of the sampling variance should ideally take into account the sampling design (e.g. the stratification).
More information on methodology for calculating precision estimates is detailed in the paragraphs below.
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators
Precision estimates for the question "Individuals having ordered goods or services for private use over the internet in the last 12 months" (individuals who ticked 'Within the last 3 months' or 'Between 3 months and a year ago' in in the question “When did you last buy or order goods or services for private use over the internet?”):
Number of respondents (absolute value for ‘Yes’ answers): 1942
Estimated proportion (in %): 80.6 %
Standard error (in percentage points): 0.78 %
Details of the breakdowns are available in annex.
13.3. Non-sampling error
See more details on non-sampling error below.
13.3.1. Coverage error
Coverage errors may occur in the ICT survey, although they should be extremely limited.
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate
Luxembourg's Population Register covers both people living in private households and in institutions.
It is possible that individuals in the latter category are included in the selected sample, although a priori data cleaning is done to get rid of people living in collective households as well as data control and validation a posteriori should allow identifying non-eligible units. Notwithstanding all this, the share of such units should be very marginal.
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion
Not requested in the ICT survey.
13.3.2. Measurement error
Measurement errors: Measurement errors are likely to occur due to the inherent complexity of the survey and the questionnaire. In order to keep measurement errors as small as possible, actions have been taken.
Questionnaire design and testing: The questionnaire has filtering and routing, so the respondents answer the questions which correspond to their own situation.
Interviewer training: Telephone interviewers were briefed: all the questions were read and explained and the interviewers tested the questionnaire before beginning the interviews. They could also ask precisions for anything that was not clear enough. Specific instructions were written down and distributed.
Proxy interview rates: 2.0 %.
13.3.3. Non response error
Information about non-respondents: Not available
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate
The unit non-response rate is the ratio of the number of in-scope non-respondents (= number of rejected interviews) to the number of eligible elements selected from the sampling frame.
Unit non-response rate for
- Households: Information not available;
- Individuals (aged 16-74): 59.7%.
13.3.3.1.1. Unit non-response – sample sizes
| Number of households | Number of individuals | |||
| (aged 16-74) | (< 16) | (> 74) | ||
| Gross sample [A]The number of households/individuals initially selected from the sampling frame (if not applicable, indicate why below the table) | 6,000 | 6,000 | 0 | 0 |
| Ineligible: out-of-scope [B] For example, when a selected household is not in the target population because all members are over 75 years old or when no dwelling exists at the selected address, or a selected individual has died between the reference data of the sampling frame at the moment of the interview. | 75 | |||
| Number of eligible elements [C]Gross sample size corrected of the ineligible cases | 5,925 | |||
| Net sample size or final sample [D]The net sample size (or final sample) corresponds to the number of households/individuals that can be used in the final database. | 2,376 | 2,388 | ||
| Unit response rate [E] = [D] / [C]The unit response rate is the ratio of the number of in-scope respondents (= the number of achieved interviews or the net sample size) to the number of eligible elements selected from the sampling frame. | 40.3% | |||
Comments: As the ICT survey in Luxembourg is an individual survey, no detailed information on non-response is available at household level, except the gross initial and the final achieved sample sizes.
13.3.3.1.2. Unit non-response – methods, minimization and substitution
Methods used for dealing with unit non-response: Calibration for weighting by population benchmarks.
Methods used for minimizing unit non-response:
- sending an explanatory letter with log-in data for the CAWI and with an information leaflet.
- possibility of answering online or by phone.
- 2 months to answer.
- 2 reminders sent.
- Hotline free of charge.
- friendliness and seriousness of the telephone agents.
- possibility to take an appointment in order to answer the questionnaire at a more convenient time.
- each telephone number gets called up to 30 times, in order to get in contact with the person to be interviewed.
- study specific website with further information.
Substitution permitted:
Interviewers may be allowed for proxy interviews (i.e. another person in the household than the one who was randomly selected can answer the questions):
- Interviews by telephone: interviewers were instructed to talk to the person who received the letter.
- Online interviews: theoretically possible, but not traceable.
Substitution rate (in %): Impossible to estimate.
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate
Items with low response rates (observed rates in %):
Household net income
13.3.4. Processing error
Extremely limited.
May stem from the recoding of certain questions.
13.3.5. Model assumption error
Not applicable
14.1. Timeliness
Date of data dissemination at national level: 05 October 2024
14.1.1. Time lag - first result
Restricted from publication
14.1.2. Time lag - final result
Restricted from publication
14.2. Punctuality
The deadlines for data transmission as set out in EU regulations were met.
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication
The deadlines for data transmission as set out in EU regulations were met.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
There is no problem of comparability across the country’s regions.
Comparable data in time and regions with earlier surveys
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient
Not relevant
15.2. Comparability - over time
Possible limitations in the use of data for comparisons over time:
Comparisons might be limited due to the small size of the sample.
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series
The length of comparable time series depends on the module and variable considered within each of the modules of the survey.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
Not applicable
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics
Not applicable
15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts
Not applicable
15.4. Coherence - internal
No coherence problems observed
15.4.1. Survey questionnaire – mandatory questions
MANDATORY questions in the Eurostat model questionnaire 2024:
Table 15.4.1. of document Summary of standard errors and mandatory/optional questions (INFOSOC_HHNSI_A _LU_2024_0000_an_13.xlsx) in the annex lists the questions for which the coverage of subjects and characteristics differs from of Annex 2 of the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1797 of 7 July 2023.
15.4.2. Survey questionnaire – optional questions
Adoption of OPTIONAL questions and items in the Eurostat model questionnaire 2024:
Table 15.4.2. of document
Summary of standard errors and mandatory/optional questions (INFOSOC_HHNSI_A_LU_2024_0000_an_13.xlsx) in the annex lists the optional questions from the annual Eurostat model questionnaire 2024 included in the national questionnaire and their coverage for age groups beyond the standard scope.
15.4.3. Survey questionnaire – additional questions at national level
Additional questions introduced in the national questionnaire in 2024:
Table 15.4.3 of document Summary of standard errors and mandatory/optional questions (INFOSOC_HHNSI_A_LU_2024_0000_an_13.xlsx) in the annex lists the additional questions in the national questionnaire and their coverage for age groups beyond the standard scope.
15.4.4. Survey questionnaire – deviations
Effects of deviations from the routing used in the Eurostat model questionnaire: None
Restricted from publication
17.1. Data revision - policy
On a case-by-case basis according to the type of data
17.2. Data revision - practice
There is no practice in term of data revision for the ICT datafiles.
However if significant errors happened to be detected, then data revision might be considered.
17.2.1. Data revision - average size
Not relevant
18.1. Source data
The source of the raw data is described with more details in the paragraphs below.
18.1.1. Sampling frame
The sample was taken from the Luxembourg's National Population Register (Registre National des Personnes Physiques - RNPP). This register covers all the resident population in Luxembourg, no matter its age, sex, citizenship or residence status.
It is a stand-alone survey.
Participation is mandatory and unpaid.
18.1.2. Sampling design
The sampling design is a probability design: a sample of 6 000 individuals aged between 16 and 74 is selected by simple random sampling from Luxembourg's National Population Register.
No stratification.
Number of individuals interviewed in the household: 1 or more.
18.1.3. Net effective sample size
Restricted from publication
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Annual
18.3. Data collection
1) Methods used to gather data:
CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing) and CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interviewing).
Based on a random sample drawn from an official registry, every selected person was looked up in order to see if a telephone number is available. If so, the person was informed by letter about the upcoming contact and also given the possibility to answer online. If no contact details were found, the respective respondents were informed by letter about the study, which also included their access details to the online questionnaire.
2) Short description of the survey method:
Individual interviewing (CATI or CAWI)
- CATI: 103 interviews (4.3%)
- CAWI: 2285 interviews (95.7%)
3) Variables completed from an external source: None
18.4. Data validation
Microdata have been controlled and validated by Statec once they were received from our subcontractor.
In addition, Statec used Eurostat's validation standards in order to further check the syntax and the consistency of the micro-data.
18.5. Data compilation
None
18.5.1. Imputation - rate
For the target indicator "Individuals having ordered goods or services for private use over the internet in the last 12 months" (individuals who ticked 'Within the last 3 months' or 'Between 3 months and a year ago' in the question “When did you last buy or order goods or services for private use over the internet?”:
Imputation rate (% of observations): 0
Imputation rate (share of estimate): 0
18.5.2. Use of imputation methods
Methods used to impute item non-response: None
18.5.3. Grossing-up procedures
Grossing up procedures have been applied to: All the respondents
Description of the weighting procedures:
Weighting criteria for the individuals: sex (male, female), age (16-24 years, 25-34 years, 35-44 years, 45-54 years, 55-64 years, 65-74 years), region (Luxembourg-City, Luxembourg-countryside), nationality (Luxembourgish, Portuguese, French, Italian, Belgian, German, others), professional activity (active, not active) and educational level (at most lower secondary education, upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education, tertiary education). The reference figures are supplied from STATEC.
Weighting criteria for the households: the individual's weights were divided by the total number of people aged 16 to 74 in the household.
When several individuals from the same household were drawn into the sample, their individual weights were first summed before dividing by the total number of people aged 16 to 74 in the household.
18.6. Adjustment
Not relevant
18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment
Not relevant
None
The EU survey on the use of ICT in households and by individuals is an annual survey conducted since 2002. In Luxembourg, it has been conducted since 2002.
In 2024, the survey collects data on the access to information and communication technologies (ICT), on the use of the internet, Internet Perception, Cyberbullying, e-government, and e-commerce, internet of things, as well as green ICT.
29 December 2024
The survey is collecting data of internet users, individuals who have used the internet in the three months prior to the survey. Regular internet users are individuals who used the internet, on average, at least once a week in the three months prior to the survey.
This annual survey is used to benchmark ICT-driven developments, both by following developments for core variables over time and by looking in greater depth at other aspects at a specific point in time. While the survey initially concentrated on access and connectivity issues, its scope has subsequently been extended to cover a variety of subjects (for example, the use of internet, e-government, eID, and e-commerce, e-skills and privacy and protection of personal data) and socio-economic analysis (such as regional diversity, gender specificity, differences in age, education and the employment situation). The scope of the survey with respect to different technologies is also adapted so as to cover new product groups and means of delivering communication technologies to end-users.
For more details on the methodology applicable in each survey year, please consult the Compiler's Manual for the respective year (Methodological Manual - Information society statistics).
Deviations from standard ICT concepts: None
Households and Individuals
In the ICT usage survey, the target population for the different statistical units is:
- individuals: all individuals aged 16 to 74 (living in a private household);
- households: all (private) households with at least one member aged 16 to 74.
Target population composed of households and/or individuals:
- Number of households: 228 000
- Number of individuals: 514 040
The whole country is covered.
For most questions the reference period is the last three months before the interview. Questions in the modules on e-government refer to the 'last 12 months' before the interview.
Deviation from this assertion: None
The ICT survey in Luxembourg suffers from both sampling and non-sampling errors. Sampling errors are caused by the survey interviewing only a fraction (2506 individuals aged between 16 and 74) of the target population, while non-sampling errors are caused by other factors such as the undercoverage of certain segments of the population, unit and item non-response or measurement errors to some questions. It is worth noting the ICT questionnaire may happen to be complex and cumbersome to certain groups of people who are not very accustomed of using digital technologies.
Percentages of ‘Households’ and Percentages of ‘Individuals’
None
The source of the raw data is described with more details in the paragraphs below.
Annual
Date of data dissemination at national level: 05 October 2024
There is no problem of comparability across the country’s regions.
Comparable data in time and regions with earlier surveys
Possible limitations in the use of data for comparisons over time:
Comparisons might be limited due to the small size of the sample.
