Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
Short-term Statistics Department, Short-term Statistics of Construction and Services Section
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
Postal address: H-1525 Budapest P.O.B. 51, Hungary
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
15 July 2025
2.2. Metadata last posted
15 July 2025
2.3. Metadata last update
15 July 2025
3.1. Data description
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The purpose of data collection is to estimate the sales of retail trade and measure the change of retail sales. Retail trade turnover is calculated by activities and counties. Furthermore, volume indices of retail trade sales are produced from value indices of retail sales using deflator price indices which are based on the prices of different commodity representatives. The survey covers Division 47 of NACE Rev. 2.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly value indices were calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021.
Used questionnaires:
OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics
OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units.
From 2023, the questionnaire OSAP 2236 no longer contained the data of data provider with the main service activity assigned to Kind-of-Activity Units.
Data provider assigned to KAU are observed monthly with the new questionnaire OSAP 2562. (Table 1. Monthly KAU-level turnover of Kind-of-Activity Units and related taxes. Table 2. in every third month: quarterly performance statistics)
As well as the sales revenue and related taxes of the non-industrial activities data of the OSAP 2235 Monthly performance statistics report is used for the production of monthly Kind-of-Activity Unit level data prepared for EUROSTAT (only from Non-Industrial Activities).
BCS_TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly turnover data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units, as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices, which are calculated on the average of the previous year.
The survey covers the following groups and classes of NACE Rev. 2:
Retail trade except of motor vehicles and motorcycles.
Retail sales in specialized or non-specialized stores with food, beverages or tobacco predominating (47.11, 47.2)
Retail sales of textiles, clothing, footwear in specialized stores (47.51, 47.71, 47.72)
Retail sales of furniture, electrical goods in specialized stores (47.43, 47.52, 47.54, 47.59, 47.63)
Retail sales of books, computer equipment another articles n.e.c. in specialized stores (47.41, 47.42, 47.53, 47.61, 47.62, 47.64, 47.65, 47.76, 47.77, 47.78)
Retail sales of pharmaceutical, medical goods, cosmetic articles, in specialized stores (47.73, 47.74, 47.75)
Retail sale of non-food products (except fuel) (4719+474+475+476+477+478+479)
Retail sale except of motor vehicles, motorcycles and fuel (471+472+474 to 479)
Retail sale of non-food products including fuel (4719+473+474+475+476+ +477+478+479)
Retail sale of information and communication equipment; other household equipment (except textiles); cultural and recreation goods, etc. in specialised stores (4743+4752+4754+4759+4763+4741+4742+4753+4761+4762+4764+ +4765+4776+4777+4778)
Retail sale of automotive fuel in specialised stores (4730)
Other retail sale in non-specialised stores (4719)
Retail sale via mail order houses or via Internet (4791)
Retail sales via stalls and markets (47.8) and other retail sale not in stores, stalls or markets (47.99)
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
Coverage of monthly value indices (TOVT):
Section G,
Divisions G45, G46 of NACE Rev. 2.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2015, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
Coverage of monthly volume indices (TOW):
Section G,
Divisions G45, G46 of NACE Rev. 2.
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Retail trade turnover: sales of goods at current consumer prices, i.e. at a price including value added tax and excise duty.
Volume indices of retail trade sales: an index calculated from value indices of retail sales, using deflator price indices based on the prices of different commodity representatives.
As regards the definitions of variables used in practice of the HCSO the Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 is the standard source.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Turnover is defined as the total turnover value of economic activities performed by enterprises classified to the service industry. Turnover comprises the totals invoiced by the observation unit during the reference period, and this corresponds to market sales of services supplied to third parties. Turnover also includes all other charges (transport, packaging, etc.) passed on to the customer, even if these charges are listed separately in the invoice.
Kind-of-Activity Units: The sales revenue of an economic organization can come from various activities classified in the NACE Rev.2 classification system. These activities may differ from the main activity of the organization. If the economic organization obtains a significant amount of sales revenue from its activity(s) outside of its main activity, it will be distinguished during the statistical observation.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
As regards the definitions of variables used in practice of the HCSO Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 is the standard source.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
In line with the European business statistics methodological manual, Kind-of-Activity Units level “Services production” was calculated on the basis of services turnover deflated by a suitable service producer price index.
Turnover is defined as the total turnover value of economic activities performed by enterprises classified to the service industry. Turnover comprises the totals invoiced by the observation unit during the reference period, and this corresponds to market sales of services supplied to third parties. Turnover also includes all other charges (transport, packaging, etc.) passed on to the customer, even if these charges are listed separately in the invoice.
Kind-of-Activity Units: The sales revenue of an economic organization can come from various activities classified in the NACE Rev.2 classification system. These activities may differ from the main activity of the organization. If the economic organization obtains a significant amount of sales revenue from its activity(s) outside of its main activity, it will be distinguished during the statistical observation.
As regards the definitions of variables used in practice of the HCSO Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 is the standard source
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
As regards the definitions of variables used in practice of the HCSO Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 is the standard source.
3.5. Statistical unit
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The reporting unit is the legal unit (considered as enterprise), and the observation units are the retail shops, the pharmacies and the mail order houses considered as KAU. In case of the administrative source we receive data aggregated for electronic fiscal device considered as LKAU.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Kind-of-Activity Unit
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Kind-of-Activity Unit
3.6. Statistical population
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The statistical population consists of all retail trade shops with an operating license as well as activity are announced for the local government of the settlements. Moreover, all pharmacies and enterprise with main activity of mail orders and internet are included in the statistical population.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly value indices are calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021.
The number of possible data providers of the input data is approximately 62,000. Business Register has online connection to the database of Registry Court therefor the population is always realistic
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
The number of possible data providers of the input data, coming from OSAP 2236 is approximately 62,000.
Business Register has online connection to the database of Registry Court therefor the population is always realistic.
3.7. Reference area
Territory of Hungary. The whole national area is covered and the activities performed outside the national territory is not taken into account in this variable.
3.8. Coverage - Time
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Data are available from 2000. In 2009 TEÁOR’08 was introduced, which is the national version of NACE Rev. 2. Historical time series of the 2000-2008 period were recalculated in accordance with this new classification, so the time series can be considered continuous. With the introduction of the new methodology in 2019 the structure of the published tables has not changed compared to the previous ones, they contain the usual monthly and quarterly information. In order to ensure data comparability over time, sales data were back casted until January 2015 and volume indices until January 2016, which are also available in the tables and database. From 2021, retail sales should include retail sales via stalls and markets (NACE Rev. 2 47.8) and other retail sale not in stores, stalls or markets (47.99), within the non-food group. For comparability, data on market and other non-store retail sales are available at current prices from 2019, while volume index data are available from 2020 onwards.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level data are available from 2021.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level data are available from 2021.
3.9. Base period
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
For volume indices:
Base year: 2021
2021=100 (from January 2024)
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Base year: 2021
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Base year: 2021
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
For retail trade turnover is million HUF and for volume index of retail trade sales is percentage change (%).
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices are calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021 (%).
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly ISPs are calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021 (%).
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Month
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Reference Period: Month
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Reference Period: Month
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
At European level:
Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics concerning short term statistics
Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics concerning short term statistics (General Implementing Act)
All relevant regulations can be found in the STS section on Eurostat’s website under Statistics / Short-term business statistics / Legislation
Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics concerning short term statistics.
We do not forward STS data to other international organizations (OECD, UN, etc.) other than Eurostat. Therefore, there is no agreement on data sharing and exchange between international data producing agencies.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics concerning short term statistics monthly value indices were submitted in 2024 for data series 2021-2024.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics concerning short term statistics monthly volume indices were submitted in 2024 for data series 2021-2024.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
At European level
Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics concerning short term statistics
Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics concerning short term statistics (General Implementing Act)
All relevant regulations can be found in the STS section on Eurostat’s website under Statistics / Short-term business statistics / Legislation
HCSO ensures confidentiality for all the data reported by data providers and the exclusive use of the data for statistical purposes. We disseminate only aggregated data in full compliance with the rules of confidentiality. Individual data, as well as aggregated data consisting of fewer than 3 enterprises are regarded as confidential and therefore not published. Researchers have access to de-identified data sets and to anonymised micro data for scientific purposes with appropriate legal and methodological guaranties in place. As for the employees, they can work with datasets in their competence with registered and controlled access rights. For details see Information on confidentiality for data providers on the website of HCSO.
8.1. Release calendar
All of the features of dissemination activity are consistent with the Dissemination and Communication Policy of Hungarian Central Statistical Office. In the elaboration of this document the
(Since the last update of Dissemination Policy of HCSO a new statistical law has been adopted in Hungary and the European Statistical law has been amended, but the changes do not affect the principals of Dissemination Policy.)
HCSO has a public Dissemination calendar that contains the dissemination dates of all First releases. The public dissemination calendar (Catalogue) on the website of HCSO provided information not only the first releases but the analyses, methodological publications, promotional publications, reports, statistical reflections, yearbooks and pocketbooks. Both calendars are prepared in line with the annual dissemination programme.
8.2. Release calendar access
A public dissemination calendar of the first releases is accessible and it can be downloaded in Excel format by everyone via the website of HCSO. It provides information about publish date, the date of any modification, the title of publication, the reference period or date and the date of inclusion in the database.
8.3. Release policy - user access
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The release calendar and the first releases are open for everybody via the website of HCSO. First releases and the related databases are published at 8.30 a. m. on the day provided in the Dissemination calendar. Some key user groups are subjected to other rules because of their special role in the economic and political life. Journalists can read the first release in the press room at 8 a. m. but they are allowed to transmit their reports at 8.30 a. m. after the publication of HCSO. Certain first releases are sent to the members of the government and the president of the National Bank of Hungary at 5 p. m. on the day prior to the publication after closing the Budapest Stock Exchange. Within the given ministry and the National Bank of Hungary responsible use of our data is ensured by strict rules.
Eurostat also receives the data via eDAMIS with “free for publication” condition
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices were published in the HCSO on the last working day of each month under Summary tables (STADAT). STADAT table 9.2.1.18
In all cases, the data were sent to EUROSTAT before this date, converted in the ESTAT+BCS+1.0 system embargo time and FLAG E in the CONF STATUS for the last 3 time-period were used.
No specific user group got the information before publication.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly ISPs were published in the HCSO on the last working day of each month under Summary tables (STADAT).
In all cases, the data were sent to EUROSTAT before this date, converted in the ESTAT+BCS+1.0 system embargo time and FLAG E in the CONF STATUS for the last 3 time-period were used.
No specific user group got the information before publication.
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Monthly
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
From 2019 retail trade first estimation is published regularly every month. The First Releases can be found on the HCSO’s website. Report show the following data of retail sales:
The most important data about changing of the volume of sales in retail shops.
Changes in the volume of sales in retail shops adjusted for calendar effects compared to the same period of the previous year.
Changes in the volume of sales in retail shops adjusted for seasonal and calendar effects compared to the monthly average of 2021.
Volume indices on sales of food, drinks and tobacco in retail shops adjusted for calendar effects, the same period of the previous year = 100.0;
Volume indices on sales of non-food products in retail shops adjusted for calendar effects, the same period of the previous year = 100.0;
Volume indices on sales of automotive fuel in retail shops adjusted for calendar effects, the same period of the previous year = 100.0;
Volume indices on total sales in retail shops adjusted for calendar effects, the same period of the previous year = 100.0;
Volume indices on total retail sales without adjustment, the same period of the previous year = 100.0.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
There is no first release for KAU-level monthly value indices of wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
There is no first release for KAU-level monthly ISPs of wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Situation of Retail trade is an annual publication (Snapshots, – Retail trade)
Statistical Yearbook of Hungary is an annual publication.
KAU-level monthly ISPs of sales indices of wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles were not published in online database.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
In HCSO the following four data access channels are available only for researchers for scientific purposes. The HCSO performs a researcher accreditation procedure for all data requests for these four data access channels.
The HCSO offers access to deidentified microdata sets for scientific purposes in the safe environment of the Safe Centre operated by the HCSO in Budapest.
The offers access to deidentified microdata sets for scientific purposes in the safe environment of the remote access points operated by the HCSO under the same access conditions as the Safe Centre access.
For scientific purposes, the HCSO produces the requested research outputs inside its own safe environment based on the specifications/syntax files provided by the researcher.
By using this data access channel, the HCSO provides anonymised microdata sets for the researcher for scientific purposes.
10.5. Dissemination format - other
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
STADAT (the acronym stands for statistical data), which involves mostly time series can be found on the HCSO’s website. STADAT includes plenty of data in pre-made tables about numerous topics, with methodological notes. The tables can be downloaded but the user cannot transform them. (While working with the dissemination database the user can assemble a cross table, elements to the table columns and rows can be added as well as filters can be applied). The data of retail trade can be found under “Internal trade”.
Data transmission is fulfilled to Eurostat each month to be released as national data.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Data transmission is fulfilled to Eurostat each month to be released as national data.
These data were published in the Summery tables (STADAT):
User-oriented quality reports on statistical domains are prepared in the framework of methodological documentation and are published as metainformation on the HCSO website: Methodological documentation .
An internal HCSO regulation is in place regarding the preparation of producer-oriented quality reports for each statistical domain on a yearly basis.
In case of some statistical domains – concerning first releases – quality check is carried out and documented each month for the management of HCSO. However, this report is not published.
11.1. Quality assurance
The HCSO Quality Policy lays out the principles and commitments related to the quality of statistics. The document is consistent with the goals set out in the Mission and Vision statements and with the principles of the European Statistics Code of Practice and is publicly available on the HCSO website.
Quality Guidelines are meant to ensure the quality of the statistical processes. The document has been in place since 2007 (1st revision in 2009, 2nd revision in 2014 and 3rd revision is currently ongoing). The latest version (2014) is available on the HCSO website.
Procedures are in place in order to ensure updated documentation on product quality. (See above about Quality Documentation in 10.7) Apart from the internal reports, quality reports are regularly provided to Eurostat as well.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics concerning short term statistics. (General Implementing Act)
Statistical processes are monitored based on quality indicators built into IT tools/systems but not in a standardised way (e.g. Integrated Survey Control System for Business and Social Surveys, Integrated Survey Control System for Population Surveys, Integrated Electronic Data Collection System). The General Implementing Act prescribes the scope, the level of detail the deadlines and also the implementation of definitions of variables. The processing of data production has been developed according to these regulations.
HCSO is committed to develop the quality and ensure the credibility of statistics. In order to provide better quality data, the annual internal quality report is made, documentation of quality is updated regularly.
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The retail trade turnover is published in line with EBS regulation.
The average response rate is some 86,5%, which is good achievement. The content and coverage of collected data meet the requirements. For the accuracy the HCSO operates electronic data collection and data entry system in which three-stages data correction system works.
The day of the publication of data is specified in dissemination calendar and the deadline has been always kept. The data transmission to the international organisations has been also done in time.
The wide range of the retail trade data is available on the HCSO website. The first releases, STADAT tables and dissemination database are available for everybody. There are not known serious quality problems.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
The service turnover is published in line with EBS regulation.
The average weighted response rate of the input data collection (OSAP 2236) is about 95.6%, which is a good achievement. The content and coverage of collected data meet the requirements.
The data transmission to the international organisations has also been done in time.
The time series of Kind-of-Activity Unit evel monthly turnover value indices of services according to the EBS regulation, seasonally and calendar effects adjusted, for more than 4 employees (%) are available in the Summary tables for evryone.
The service turnover is published in line with EBS regulation.
The average weighted response rate of the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics is about 95,6%, which is a good achievement. The content and coverage of collected data meet the requirements. For accuracy HCSO operates an electronic data collection and a data entry system in which a three-stage data correction system works.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
The time series of the Kind-of-activity unit level monthly ISPs are available in the Summary tables for everyone.
The concepts and methods are based on European legislation. Data is transmitted to Eurostat. The principal domestic users are the Ministries, Government administration, but there are users from the financial/corporate sector, research institutes and higher education.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
There are regular conversations with the representatives the press and ministries moreover the experts of the Office keep the connection the users from the Central Bank of Hungary, Hungarian State Treasury and Ministry of National Economy.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Not available.
We do not conduct a user satisfaction survey. However, our summary tables receive a high number of views on the Internet site of HCSO.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Not available.
We do not conduct a user satisfaction survey. However, our summary tables receive a high number of views on the Internet site of HCSO.
12.3. Completeness
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The level of details is in accordance with the STS regulation. All of the time series required by the STS regulation (by number 15) are transmitted to Eurostat. Most of them are sent in differently adjusted forms.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
The level of detail is in accordance with the EBS regulation. 3 time series were transmitted to Eurostat. Data are available for everybody in the Summary tables (STADAT)
The level of detail is in accordance with the EBS regulation. 3 time series were transmitted to Eurostat. Data are available for everybody in the Summary tables (STADAT)
Sampling error is no more relevant for the retail trade turnover since data used for the estimation is coming from administrative data source. However, there is a need to keep collecting data on questionnaires to compensate technical errors. Although the response rate for the questionnaires is fairly good, the non-response is the main source of non-sampling errors. There are some enterprises which send late data, but these cases are tackled during the estimation, and the data can be taken into consideration over the revisions.
The under-coverage of the survey population is rather small because the online connection between our Business Register and Registry Court assures a reliable sampling frame. A good value about the rate of over-coverage can be calculated on the basis of Business Register. The rate of other errors (for example, classification error) is noted over the data collection, and the statistician can list these cases and can determine the number of that.
The difference between first and final estimation is 0.2-0.8% (in 2023).
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Not applicable.
KAU-level monthly value indices were produced by model-based estimation.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Not applicable.
KAU-level monthly ISPs were produced by model-based estimation.
13.2. Sampling error
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
From 2018 on the sampling error is reduced to 0 since the use of monthly aggregated administrative cash register data.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Not applicable.
KAU-level monthly value indices were produced by model-based estimation
BCS_TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Not applicable.
KAU-level monthly ISPs were produced by model-based estimation
13.3. Non-sampling error
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Coverage errors: under-coverage can be arisen if an enterprise that is element of the full-scope part starts to work after the updating of the register. In this case this data supplier goes into the data set next month. Additional sources of the under-coverage are classification errors or some shops finish off their activity. But these effects cannot quantified totally.
As for the over-coverage we can measure it. In 2017 it was between 0.38% and 0.51% the average value was 0.42%.
Multiple listings are exist (very rarely) but do not cause real bias because the data suppliers usually inform us about this problem.
Access errors: HCSO uses an IT system (called ELEKTRA) to collect data via personalised online questionnaires. Data providers can check the questionnaire before sending, so the data are consistent. Also administrative sources are used in connection with the retail trade.
Non-response errors: the unit response rate in case of data suppliers with full questionnaire was between 72.7% and 80.6% and the yearly average was 76.0% in 2024.
Editing, coding and imputation errors: there is no numerical information.
Modelling errors: model based calculations are not used in this survey.
HCSO is committed to reduce the non-response errors. In order to support the enterprises we give assistance by phone or via e-mail, send automatic warning e-mails or mails. In a final case, HCSO can impose fine to enterprises which do not cooperate
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Not applicable.
KAU-level monthly value indices were produced by model-based estimation
BCS_ TOVV _M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Not applicable
KAU-level monthly ISPs were produced by model-based estimation.
14.1. Timeliness
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The first estimates of the retail trade data were published not later than 35 days after the end of the reference month. All of the time series required by the STS regulation is available for everyone. Data are published in STADAT system about 35 days after the reference period. The online questionnaire is available for the data supplier at the beginning of the month following the reference month. The deadline for replies is the 20th of day following the reference month. On the last day of the month following the reference month the database is got close.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices of services turnover were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
KAU-level monthly value indices are calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021(%).
Data were published in the Summary tables (STADAT) t+60.
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
Data were published in the Summary tables (STADAT) t+60.
The publications are in agreement with the dissemination calendar. Data transmissions were adhered to the scheduled dates.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
Over the data collection and calculation domestic and non-domestic markets are interpreted according to territory of Hungary. The whole country is treated in a uniform manner from statistical point of view. The same statistical concepts can be applied for all of the territories. All data sources cover the county fully. There are no difficulties concerning the geographical comparability.
15.2. Comparability - over time
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Dissemination database consists of time series data from 2000. Among STADAT tables users can find long time series (volume indices of retail, motor vehicles and automotive fuel trade 1960 = 100), time series for annual data related to retail shops from 2005 to 2016 and time series data concerning sales of retail trade from 2000 to 2017. Furthermore, STADAT provides time series based on infra annual data about retail shops and sales of retail trade.
Currently classification is based on TEÁOR’08 which is the Hungarian version of NACE Rev. 2 and fully compliant with that. The introduction of the new categorization caused break in time series. Hence, the data were recalculated in accordance with the new classification, so the time series can be considered continuous from 2000.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices of services turnover are available from 2021.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly ISPs of services turnover are available from 2021.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The monthly data are compared with quarterly and annual data. The data coming from other data collection are aggregated on county level and are used for cross domain coherence test.
Administrative data are also used for the data validation, e.g., VAT data and information received from the municipality about the operation of the enterprises. We have data about the total quarterly turnover of enterprise and annual, territorial and business-level figures which are comparable with the retail trade turnover data. Based on the results of all comparison we can declare that the cross-domain coherence of the retail trade turnover is satisfactory.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices of services turnover were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
KAU-level monthly value indices are calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021 (%).
KAU-level monthly data were revised with the SBS compared quarterly services turnover input data.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly ISPs are revised with the SBS compared quarterly service turnover data.
15.4. Coherence - internal
HCSO uses online data collection system called ELEKTRA. Statistician previously can define checking rules and explanations. In the process of the filling out, if the data fail these rules, the data supplier can read the error message and can fix the error. Without correction faulty questionnaire cannot be sent.
Before the data submitted is loading into the database an IT tool (ADEL) fulfils additional checking. It controls, among others, the comparability to former periods. After the database is closed data are checked by experts who make contact with the data suppliers if it is necessary for further consultation. These processes assure that there is not known internal inconsistency.
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
OSAP 1045: Burden (Respondents hours per year, 2024): 2513
BCS_TOW_M_HU_2024 (TOVT+TOVV)
Cost (NSI hours per year, 2023): 4296
OSAP 2236: Burden (Respondents hours per year, 2024): 25 914
OSAP 2562: Burden (Respondents hours per year, 2024):660
TOTAL:26 574
17.1. Data revision - policy
A revision in official statistics is defined as any change in a value of a statistic released to the public. The fundamental aim of revision is to improve data quality and thereby to be more accurate when reflecting the reality.
HCSO published its renewed revision policy in 2018. The revision policy is in line with the following conceptual frameworks:
finally, the HCSO takes into consideration the deadlines of mandatory international data transmissions and publication
HCSO considers any change in the value of already published data as data revision. Revisions take place for a number of distinct reasons, which tend to break into four groups:
incorporation of better source data (e.g. replacement of first/provisional estimates based on expert judgements, or as a result of benchmarking)
capturing routine recalculations (e.g. updating the base period)
reflection of improved methodology (e.g. changes in concepts, definitions or classifications)
correction of errors
Considering the various causes of revisions and the different frequencies of publications, the HCSO – in correspondence with international guidelines – distinguishes the following types of revisions:
Routine revisions: routine revisions are changes in published data which are related to the regular statistical business process. Routine revisions mainly occur when the incorporation of late information (new or the correction of already obtained) modifies the already published results or in the case of benchmarking. Routine revisions are conducted periodically, according to a schedule drawn up in advance. With some sets of statistics (e.g. in foreign trade), a number of revisions are needed to obtain final results, while in other cases the provisional results are replaced by final data in the course of one single revision. Routine revisions barely affect the applied methodology, and only a few periods (some months or quarters) back in time are revised and longer revisions take place at a lower frequency, e.g. annually.
Major/methodological revisions: Major revisions are changes in published data, often substantial, which are due to changes in definitions, classifications and methodologies. Updating of the weights of the base year of an index series, the availability of a new structural source that is only collected at long intervals (5 to 10 years), such as the census, and the entry into force of a new legal act may also cause major revisions.
Major revisions are planned very well in advance and users are informed beforehand on the forthcoming major revisions. They are less frequent than routine revisions and occur only every 5 to 10 years. Since major revisions affect a large part of the time series and sometimes even the complete time series, it is necessary to back cast time series, otherwise major revisions would produce breaks and inconsistencies in them.
Unplanned revisions: Unplanned or unscheduled revisions are those that are not foreseen (as opposed to planned revisions), because they are a result of unforeseeable events and therefore it is usually not possible to pre-announced them in advance. As unscheduled revisions can undermine confidence in the quality of official statistics, HCSO is committed to avoiding as much as possible unscheduled revisions and to limit them to the case of important errors (whose correction results in significant improvement regarding data quality). Unscheduled revisions are communicated to the users in a transparent manner.
HCSO makes its general and domain specific revision policies publicly available on its official website. HCSO applies the general policy’s principles to all of its statistics (including the STS data transmitted to the Eurostat). Although subject matter statistics may have specificities regarding their revision practices, they have to be fully compliant with the general principles.
HCSO notifies users about forthcoming revisions in time and indicates their date and time in the revision calendar.
17.2. Data revision - practice
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Planned revision
Routine revision (From 2018):
First estimate data: reference period + 35 days.
Final data: reference period + 1 year (first revision).
Methodological revisions:
Due to NGM Decree 48/2013. (hereafter Decree) enterprises involved in the online cash register system (OPG) are obliged to send online information about their sales to the National Tax and Customs Administration (NTCA). The use of online cash register (OPG) data provides us with administrative data, allowing to replace previous questionnaire data. Data transmission is based on a HCSO-NTCA agreement.
From January 2020 data also include market and other non-store retail sales.
Unplanned revision:
Data revisions not announced in advance occur only in exceptional cases, namely if any unforeseeable event (legislative changes, change of data sources, data error, technical problem, etc.) makes necessary the revision of data.
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024The calculations can be found in the attached Annex.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices of services turnover are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
The first and second month of the quarter year were forecast from the previous quarterly collected data, there were revised in the third month with the actual collected quarterly performance statistics.
Data were changed every month from the first reference period for the following reasons:
Monthly data were estimated from quarterly data used a disaggregation model.
VAT data (auxiliary) were revised each month.
Monthly data were revised in each third month with the current quarterly data.
The major revision will take place in August following the reference year. In this month is the annual revision of quarterly data (SBS comparison) and the annual revision of VAT data.
Due to the quarterly and annual revision of the quarterly input turnover data, as well as the monthly/annual revision of our auxiliary (VAT) data, higher differences could be found in some cases in our data series. As a result, seasonally adjusted data may also have changed in some cases significantly from the data sent in the previous month.
Monthly data cannot be considered final.
HCSO notifies users about forthcoming revisions in time and indicates their date and time in the revision calendar.
QPI indicators: MAR, RMAR, MR, MAXAR. are not available.
In the field of services KAU-level value indices were submitted (as required) first in March 2024 from January 2024 with first reference period 2021.
As a result, we are not able to produce year-on-year QPI indicators (MR, MAR, RMAR, MAXAR) for this period.
The Reference periods refers to 36 values for monthly data and we only have 12 because the values of the time-period 2021-2023 were sent at the same time as the January 2024 data.
You can see our correspondence in the annex.
BCS_TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly ISPs of services turnover were produced model based on the surveys OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics used VAT as auxiliary and from the OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units, as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities)
The first and second month of the quarter year were forecast from the previous quarterly collected data, there were revised in the third month with the actual collected quarterly performance statistics.
Data were changed every month from the first reference period for the following reasons:
Monthly data were estimated from quarterly data used a disaggregation model.
VAT data (auxiliary) were revised each month.
Monthly data were revised in each third month with the current quarterly data.
Monthly SPPIs (Services producer price indices) were revised in every month.
The major revision will take place in August following the reference year. In this month is the annual revision of quarterly data (SBS comparison) and the annual revision of VAT data.
Due to the quarterly and annual revision of the quarterly input turnover data, as well as the monthly/annual revision of our auxiliary (VAT) data, higher differences could be found in some cases in our data series. As a result, seasonally adjusted data may also have changed in some cases significantly from the data sent in the previous month.
Monthly data cannot be considered final.
HCSO notifies users about forthcoming revisions in time and indicates their date and time in the revision calendar.
QPI indicators: MAR, RMAR, MR, MAXAR. are not available.
In the field of services KAU-level monthly ISPs were submitted (as required) first in March 2024 from January 2024 with first reference period 2021.
As a result, we are not able to produce year-on-year QPI indicators (MR, MAR, RMAR, MAXAR) for this period.
The Reference periods refers to 36 values for monthly data and we only have 12 because the values of the time-period 2021-2023 were sent at the same time as the January 2024 data.
Mandatory data collection of the National Data Collection Program (OSAP) ordered by the government
Aggregated online cash register data from the National Tax and Customs Administration of Hungary (NTCA)
VAT data to estimate mail order and online trade turnover
Monthly data of the National Tobacco Sales Non-profit Ltd to determine the turnover of specialized tobacco shops from 1 July 2013.
Scope of data providers: enterprises operating shops (regardless of their main activity and legal form). The data collection is based on operating licenses issued by local governments as well as on the HCSO aggregate register of officially declared activities (Commercial Register).
Due to a new decree introduced in 2014, enterprises operating cash machines involved in the online cash register system are obliged to send online information about selling in retail chain to the National Tax and Customs Administration of Hungary (NTCA). After the system had provided reliable data we have started to use this administrative data source as well.
In the data collection, the scope of data providers consisted of two parts till 2019. The full-scope part involves enterprises with at least 50 employees operating at least 6 shops; enterprises operating at least 7 shops regardless of the number of employees; enterprises with a significant floor area of shops in the relevant field of activity. The selection of all other shops is made on the basis of a stratified simple random systematic sample.
We still keep this division of the population with having cash register data and a „simplified” questionnaire for those enterprises whose shops (all of them) are in the scope of the decree and do not carry on any other activity; and the original „full” questionnaire for the rest of the full scoped enterprises. Data for the rest of the population for which the simple random sampling was used before are coming only from the cash register data.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
OSAP 2236 is a quarterly mandatory sample survey, used for legal units between 5 and 49 persons employed. A systematic sampling method is applied. The systematic sampling is based on the random order of legal units and non-profit organisations. The sample is stratified; in case of legal units over 49 persons employed total enumeration is applied; there is no stratification.
OSAP 2235 Monthly performance statistics report (only from Non-Industrial Activities).
KAU-level monthly value indices are calculated on the average of the services turnover of the base year 2021.
BCS_TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
OSAP 2236 is a quarterly mandatory sample survey, used for legal units between 5 and 49 persons employed. A systematic sampling method is applied. The systematic sampling is based on the random order of legal units and non-profit organisations. The sample is stratified; in case of legal units over 49 persons employed total enumeration is applied; there is no stratification.
OSAP 2235 Monthly performance statistics report (only from Non-Industrial Activities).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Monthly
BCS_TOVT and BCS_TOVV_M_HU_2024
Quarterly (OSAP 2236) and monthly (OSAP 2562, OSAP 2235)
18.3. Data collection
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Data collection is based partly on on-line survey. The design of the questionnaire including the set of checking rules is the job of the statisticians, and the check of the operation happens in close cooperation with IT department at the end of the previous year. The IT system sends an e-mail to data providers if a new questionnaire becomes accessible, and the deadline is expired. In case of non-response:
re-contact by phone
sending a warning message
fine as a final tool.
The other part of the data is coming from administrative sources regularly from the National Tax and Customs Administration of Hungary (NTCA) and from the National Tobacco Sales Non-profit Ltd.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly data of services turnover were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
Data collections are based on online surveys. The design of the questionnaires including the set of checking rules is the job of the statisticians, and the check of the operation happens in close cooperation with the IT Department at the end of the previous year. The IT system sends an e-mail to data providers if a new questionnaire becomes accessible, and the deadline expires. In case of non-response:
Re-contact by phone
Sending a warning message
Fine as a final tool.
BCS_TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Data of monthly ISPs were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
Data collections are based on online surveys. The design of the questionnaires including the set of checking rules is the job of the statisticians, and the check of the operation happens in close cooperation with the IT Department at the end of the previous year. The IT system sends an e-mail to data providers if a new questionnaire becomes accessible, and the deadline expires. In case of non-response:
Re-contact by phone
Sending a warning message
Fine as a final tool.
18.4. Data validation
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The total indices calculating as weighted average have to be between the minimum and maximum of each component. (For example, the unadjusted volume index of retail sale of food, beverages and tobacco is between unadjusted volume index of sale in non-specialised stores and sale in specialised stores). The similar internal rules and relations are checked for every record. At the second stage data are compared to the results of other data collections (for instance, the report on the sales of retail trade and catering by commodity groups, which is a quarterly data collection and SBS data).
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Reported monthly model-based data were examined according to the following criteria:
Changes were compared period/period.
Changes were compared year/year.
Changes of the auxiliary (VAT) were compared period/period
Data were converted and validated by SDMX converter web application.
BCS_TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Reported monthly model-based volume of sales indices were examined according to the following criteria:
Changes were compared period/period.
Changes were compared year/year.
Changes of the auxiliary (VAT) were compared period/period
Changes of the SPPIs (services producer price indices) were compared period/period
Data were converted and validated by SDMX converter web application.
18.5. Data compilation
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
In the full scope part we impute with the previous-year-same-period data if exists. If there is no such data but previous period data is available, the product of this and the average dynamics (the rate of the average of the period and the previous period) will be the imputed data. We do not impute any missing data in the administrative data source.
The index is Paasche chain index. Over the compilation the price index of retail trade and the volume index of retail trade turnover are calculated.
The transmission is carried out in SDMX format via eDAMIS system.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly data of services turnover were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly value indices were calculated on the average of the services turnover of the base year 2021.
Data were published in the Summary tables (STADAT).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
At the Hungarian Central Statistical Office, the TRAMO/SEATS method with JDemetra+ 2.2.0 is used for seasonal adjustment in accordance with the ESS guidelines on seasonal adjustment. Model revision as default takes place yearly, and the results of the new model are published with the first data of the new year. During this step a fully automated model identification is made by TRAMO/SEATS, but the final decision is based on subject-matter domain information. During the year, with each new data the coefficients of the model are re-estimated, and revision of the seasonally adjusted data is made from the beginning of the time series. No forecast is made in any step of the process.
Calendar adjustment
For the calendar adjustment country specific calendar is used, which includes all the national holidays since 1990. Working day regressor is used for quarterly time series, and for monthly time series shorter than 15 years. For monthly time series which are at least 15 years long trading day regressors are used. The leap year effect is tested and used if it is significant.
Standard Easter effect is also used in the models if it has a significant effect and/or economic reason is available.
Outlier detection
Additive (AO), level shift (LS) and temporary change (TC) outliers are used during the seasonal adjustment process. In the yearly model-revision the results of the automatic outlier detection and the economic reasons are checked. At the end of the process outliers used in the previous year are changed (especially those of which were long time ago) if it is strongly reasonable.
During the year last outliers refresh strategy of the JDemetra+ is used, it means that the outliers in the last year of the sample are re-identified.
The publication of retail sales volume data has changed since 2016: the publication of data is based on a new methodology in which data collection is complemented by data from administrative sources (online cash register, VAT).
First publications of 2018 were made according to the previous methodology.
From January 2020 data also include market and other non-store retail sales.
Annex of BCS_TOVT and BCS_TOW_M_HU_2024
QPI indicators: MAR, RMAR, MR, MAXAR. are not available.
In the field of services KAU-level ISPs were submitted (as required) first in March 2024 from January 2024 with first reference period 2021.
As a result, we are not able to produce year-on-year QPI indicators (MR, MAR, RMAR, MAXAR) for this period.
The Reference periods refers to 36 values for monthly data and we only have 12 because the values of the time-period 2021-2023 were sent at the same time as the January 2024 data.
There is no date in these concepts (ddMonthYYYY). 9.2.1.19 is the official number of our summary table in STADAT (You find this clarification in concept 19.)
Please be informed, that our following files will include the Summary tables STADAT 9.21.1.18, as well as 9.2.1.19.
BCS_PVSES 9.2.1.19
BCS_TOTES 9.2.1.18 and 9.2.1.19
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The purpose of data collection is to estimate the sales of retail trade and measure the change of retail sales. Retail trade turnover is calculated by activities and counties. Furthermore, volume indices of retail trade sales are produced from value indices of retail sales using deflator price indices which are based on the prices of different commodity representatives. The survey covers Division 47 of NACE Rev. 2.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly value indices were calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021.
Used questionnaires:
OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics
OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units.
From 2023, the questionnaire OSAP 2236 no longer contained the data of data provider with the main service activity assigned to Kind-of-Activity Units.
Data provider assigned to KAU are observed monthly with the new questionnaire OSAP 2562. (Table 1. Monthly KAU-level turnover of Kind-of-Activity Units and related taxes. Table 2. in every third month: quarterly performance statistics)
As well as the sales revenue and related taxes of the non-industrial activities data of the OSAP 2235 Monthly performance statistics report is used for the production of monthly Kind-of-Activity Unit level data prepared for EUROSTAT (only from Non-Industrial Activities).
BCS_TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly turnover data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units, as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices, which are calculated on the average of the previous year.
15 July 2025
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Retail trade turnover: sales of goods at current consumer prices, i.e. at a price including value added tax and excise duty.
Volume indices of retail trade sales: an index calculated from value indices of retail sales, using deflator price indices based on the prices of different commodity representatives.
As regards the definitions of variables used in practice of the HCSO the Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 is the standard source.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Turnover is defined as the total turnover value of economic activities performed by enterprises classified to the service industry. Turnover comprises the totals invoiced by the observation unit during the reference period, and this corresponds to market sales of services supplied to third parties. Turnover also includes all other charges (transport, packaging, etc.) passed on to the customer, even if these charges are listed separately in the invoice.
Kind-of-Activity Units: The sales revenue of an economic organization can come from various activities classified in the NACE Rev.2 classification system. These activities may differ from the main activity of the organization. If the economic organization obtains a significant amount of sales revenue from its activity(s) outside of its main activity, it will be distinguished during the statistical observation.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
As regards the definitions of variables used in practice of the HCSO Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 is the standard source.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
In line with the European business statistics methodological manual, Kind-of-Activity Units level “Services production” was calculated on the basis of services turnover deflated by a suitable service producer price index.
Turnover is defined as the total turnover value of economic activities performed by enterprises classified to the service industry. Turnover comprises the totals invoiced by the observation unit during the reference period, and this corresponds to market sales of services supplied to third parties. Turnover also includes all other charges (transport, packaging, etc.) passed on to the customer, even if these charges are listed separately in the invoice.
Kind-of-Activity Units: The sales revenue of an economic organization can come from various activities classified in the NACE Rev.2 classification system. These activities may differ from the main activity of the organization. If the economic organization obtains a significant amount of sales revenue from its activity(s) outside of its main activity, it will be distinguished during the statistical observation.
As regards the definitions of variables used in practice of the HCSO Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 is the standard source
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
As regards the definitions of variables used in practice of the HCSO Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 is the standard source.
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The reporting unit is the legal unit (considered as enterprise), and the observation units are the retail shops, the pharmacies and the mail order houses considered as KAU. In case of the administrative source we receive data aggregated for electronic fiscal device considered as LKAU.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Kind-of-Activity Unit
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Kind-of-Activity Unit
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The statistical population consists of all retail trade shops with an operating license as well as activity are announced for the local government of the settlements. Moreover, all pharmacies and enterprise with main activity of mail orders and internet are included in the statistical population.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly value indices are calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021.
The number of possible data providers of the input data is approximately 62,000. Business Register has online connection to the database of Registry Court therefor the population is always realistic
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
The number of possible data providers of the input data, coming from OSAP 2236 is approximately 62,000.
Business Register has online connection to the database of Registry Court therefor the population is always realistic.
Territory of Hungary. The whole national area is covered and the activities performed outside the national territory is not taken into account in this variable.
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Month
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Reference Period: Month
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Reference Period: Month
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Sampling error is no more relevant for the retail trade turnover since data used for the estimation is coming from administrative data source. However, there is a need to keep collecting data on questionnaires to compensate technical errors. Although the response rate for the questionnaires is fairly good, the non-response is the main source of non-sampling errors. There are some enterprises which send late data, but these cases are tackled during the estimation, and the data can be taken into consideration over the revisions.
The under-coverage of the survey population is rather small because the online connection between our Business Register and Registry Court assures a reliable sampling frame. A good value about the rate of over-coverage can be calculated on the basis of Business Register. The rate of other errors (for example, classification error) is noted over the data collection, and the statistician can list these cases and can determine the number of that.
The difference between first and final estimation is 0.2-0.8% (in 2023).
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Not applicable.
KAU-level monthly value indices were produced by model-based estimation.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Not applicable.
KAU-level monthly ISPs were produced by model-based estimation.
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
For retail trade turnover is million HUF and for volume index of retail trade sales is percentage change (%).
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices are calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021 (%).
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly ISPs are calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021 (%).
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
In the full scope part we impute with the previous-year-same-period data if exists. If there is no such data but previous period data is available, the product of this and the average dynamics (the rate of the average of the period and the previous period) will be the imputed data. We do not impute any missing data in the administrative data source.
The index is Paasche chain index. Over the compilation the price index of retail trade and the volume index of retail trade turnover are calculated.
The transmission is carried out in SDMX format via eDAMIS system.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly data of services turnover were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly value indices were calculated on the average of the services turnover of the base year 2021.
Data were published in the Summary tables (STADAT).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
Mandatory data collection of the National Data Collection Program (OSAP) ordered by the government
Aggregated online cash register data from the National Tax and Customs Administration of Hungary (NTCA)
VAT data to estimate mail order and online trade turnover
Monthly data of the National Tobacco Sales Non-profit Ltd to determine the turnover of specialized tobacco shops from 1 July 2013.
Scope of data providers: enterprises operating shops (regardless of their main activity and legal form). The data collection is based on operating licenses issued by local governments as well as on the HCSO aggregate register of officially declared activities (Commercial Register).
Due to a new decree introduced in 2014, enterprises operating cash machines involved in the online cash register system are obliged to send online information about selling in retail chain to the National Tax and Customs Administration of Hungary (NTCA). After the system had provided reliable data we have started to use this administrative data source as well.
In the data collection, the scope of data providers consisted of two parts till 2019. The full-scope part involves enterprises with at least 50 employees operating at least 6 shops; enterprises operating at least 7 shops regardless of the number of employees; enterprises with a significant floor area of shops in the relevant field of activity. The selection of all other shops is made on the basis of a stratified simple random systematic sample.
We still keep this division of the population with having cash register data and a „simplified” questionnaire for those enterprises whose shops (all of them) are in the scope of the decree and do not carry on any other activity; and the original „full” questionnaire for the rest of the full scoped enterprises. Data for the rest of the population for which the simple random sampling was used before are coming only from the cash register data.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
OSAP 2236 is a quarterly mandatory sample survey, used for legal units between 5 and 49 persons employed. A systematic sampling method is applied. The systematic sampling is based on the random order of legal units and non-profit organisations. The sample is stratified; in case of legal units over 49 persons employed total enumeration is applied; there is no stratification.
OSAP 2235 Monthly performance statistics report (only from Non-Industrial Activities).
KAU-level monthly value indices are calculated on the average of the services turnover of the base year 2021.
BCS_TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly data are produced using a model-based estimation with input data from the survey OSAP 2236 Quarterly performance statistics and the monthly VAT returns as auxiliary, OSAP 2562 Monthly report on the economic performance of the Kind-of-Activity Units (30 data suppliers with 68 KAUs), as well as OSAP 2235 Monthly Report on Economic Statistics – Industry – (only Non-Industrial Activities: 34 data suppliers with 58 KAUs in trade and services, without main activity and other KAUs in industry).
OSAP 2236 is a quarterly mandatory sample survey, used for legal units between 5 and 49 persons employed. A systematic sampling method is applied. The systematic sampling is based on the random order of legal units and non-profit organisations. The sample is stratified; in case of legal units over 49 persons employed total enumeration is applied; there is no stratification.
OSAP 2235 Monthly performance statistics report (only from Non-Industrial Activities).
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Monthly
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
Monthly
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
The first estimates of the retail trade data were published not later than 35 days after the end of the reference month. All of the time series required by the STS regulation is available for everyone. Data are published in STADAT system about 35 days after the reference period. The online questionnaire is available for the data supplier at the beginning of the month following the reference month. The deadline for replies is the 20th of day following the reference month. On the last day of the month following the reference month the database is got close.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices of services turnover were published in line with the EBS Regulation.
KAU-level monthly value indices are calculated on the average of the turnover of services of the base year 2021(%).
Data were published in the Summary tables (STADAT) t+60.
KAU-level monthly ISPs were prepared from monthly model-based turnover data according to the EUROSTAT recommendation, using chain linked, annual overlap methodology on the basis of the year 2021, deflated with Laspeyres-type service producer price indices calculated on the average of the previous year.
Data were published in the Summary tables (STADAT) t+60.
Over the data collection and calculation domestic and non-domestic markets are interpreted according to territory of Hungary. The whole country is treated in a uniform manner from statistical point of view. The same statistical concepts can be applied for all of the territories. All data sources cover the county fully. There are no difficulties concerning the geographical comparability.
BCS_TOR_M_HU_2024
Dissemination database consists of time series data from 2000. Among STADAT tables users can find long time series (volume indices of retail, motor vehicles and automotive fuel trade 1960 = 100), time series for annual data related to retail shops from 2005 to 2016 and time series data concerning sales of retail trade from 2000 to 2017. Furthermore, STADAT provides time series based on infra annual data about retail shops and sales of retail trade.
Currently classification is based on TEÁOR’08 which is the Hungarian version of NACE Rev. 2 and fully compliant with that. The introduction of the new categorization caused break in time series. Hence, the data were recalculated in accordance with the new classification, so the time series can be considered continuous from 2000.
BCS_TOVT_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly value indices of services turnover are available from 2021.
BCS_ TOVV_M_HU_2024 (G, G45, G46)
KAU-level monthly ISPs of services turnover are available from 2021.
