Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
Short-term Business Statistics Department / Produces Prices Group
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) Necatibey Street No:114 06420 Ankara/Türkiye
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
18 August 2025
2.2. Metadata last posted
18 August 2025
2.3. Metadata last update
18 August 2025
3.1. Data description
Purpose of the Study: Service Producer Price Index aims to measure the producer price changes of services produced within the country in a certain period.
Definition of Data: Service Producer Price Index is a price index that measures price changes by comparing producer prices of services produced in the country's economy over time in a specific reference period.
3.2. Classification system
Classification:CPA 2.1
3.3. Coverage - sector
Industrial coverage: CPA 2.1 H (Transportation and Storage Services), I (Accommodation and Food Services), J (Information and Communication Services), L (Real Estate Services), M (Professional, Scientific And Technical Services), N (Administrative and Support Services) are covered.
Types of prices: Prices are excluding VAT and all relevant taxes (Basic prices). All sales are covered in the index including business to business (B-to-B), business to consumer (B-to-C), business to export (B-to-E).
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
Index formula: Laspeyres.
Sources of weights:National Accounts and Annual Turnover Survey by Products
Prices collected: Prices are excluding VAT and all relevant taxes (Basic prices). All sales are covered in the index including business to business (B-to-B), business to consumer (B-to-C), business to export (B-to-E).
3.5. Statistical unit
Reporting unit: Enterprise and kind of activity unit (KAU)
Observation unit: Kind of activity unit (KAU)
3.6. Statistical population
The population consists of more than 3,000 local units in the sectors within the scope, in 299 CPA sub-categories, that produce in Türkiye in 2025 .
3.7. Reference area
Geographical coverage: Türkiye.
3.8. Coverage - Time
Data available from 2017.
3.9. Base period
Base year: 2021
Indices and rate of changes.
Monthly
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Turkish Statistical Law No. 5429 of November 10, 2005. The purpose of this law is to determine basic principles and standards concerning the production and organisation of official statistics; and to regulate the formation, duties, and authorities of the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) which is to compile and assess data and information, produce, publish, and disseminate statistics on the areas that country needs, and to ensure coordination among institutions and organizations that are involved in the statistics process prescribed in the Official Statistics Programme (Article 1). The Official Statistics Programme establishes the framework for official statistics that shall be produced on subjects required at national and international level. Censuses and surveys are carried out within the framework of this Programme (Article 3). International Legal Acts: EBS Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 on 27 November 2019 and the Commission implementing Regulation 2020/1197.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
The data are transmitted to Eurostat.
In case of request, index values are shared with all international and national institutions and researchers within the framework of data confidentiality rules.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
Data privacy and confidential data security regarding the statistics produced by Turkish Statistical Institute are guaranteed with the Turkish Statistical Law No. 5429 and the Regulation about Procedures and Principles of Data Privacy and Confidential Data Security of Official Statistics. Statistics are also prepared in accordance with the regulation published by the European Statistical Office (Eurostat) on March 11, 2009 with the number 223/2009 and the European Statistics Code of Practice, within the scope of harmonization with the European Union.The collection of data solely for statistical purposes and the confidentiality of the individual responses are guaranteed with the related legislation and regulations.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Confidentiality: All statistics collected and published by TURKSTAT are governed by the Turkish Statistical Law no. 5429, of 10 November 2005. Under the terms of the Statistical Law: TURKSTAT has the independence to determine the methodology and release dates of statistics for which it is responsible. Data are collected only for statistical purposes and confidentiality is assured. The confidentiality of individual responses is guaranteed. The TURKSTAT logo is used on all statistics published under the law. The public dissemination of economic statistics is required.
8.1. Release calendar
At the end of each year, TURKSTAT publishes a release calendar providing the release dates for the coming year. This is also disseminated on TURKSTAT’s internet website (Data release calendar).
The data release calendar for statistical outputs is prepared on an annual basis and it is publicly announced on the National Data Release Calendar section of the website.
The principles, standards and procedures regarding the publication and dissemination of statistics produced by Turkish Statistical Institute are determined by the Publication and Dissemination Board. In order to ensure that statistics are delivered to users in accordance with the principles of confidentiality and equal access, and in an accurate, reliable, consistent, timely, and transparent way, the publishing dates of the press releases are determined within the framework of the Directive on the Procedures and Principles Regarding the Working Calendars of the Presidency of the Turkish Statistical Institute and announced to the public via the institutional website at the beginning of each year.
Monthly
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
Press Release: Service Price Index (S-PPI)
Results of the SPPI are announced to the public on the last day or consequent working day of the following month at 10:00 with a news bulletin.
The data are disseminated simultaneously to all interested parties through a database and news bulletin.
European Statistics Code of Practice (CoP) European Statistics Code of Practice (CoP) are the quality principles and standards established by the European Union. CoP; It consists of 3 main sections: institutional environment, statistical processes and statistical outputs. There are 16 quality principles and 84 quality indicators under these principles. TurkStat carries out its activities in accordance with the CoP's quality principles and indicators. The CoP is available on the Eurostat's website. Institutional Quality Reports Institutional quality reports are prepared for annual studies. The relevant quality report can be accessed under the Metadata tab on the Statistics Data Portal.
ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management Documentation
Quality-related documents were created within the scope of the ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management standard. Procedures, guides, instructions, plans, lists, and forms are included in the quality management system along with the standard coding system. There is a "Document Control Procedure" for the creation and updating of the documents. In addition, all studies are detailed on the basis of the articles of the standard in the "Quality Handbook", prepared within the scope of the ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management standard.
11.1. Quality assurance
TurkStat Quality Policy
TurkStat is committed to implementing a quality policy based on the European Statistics Code of Practice (ES-CoP), the European Statistical System Quality Assurance Framework (ESS-QAF), and other internationally recognized best practices determined by the European Statistical Office (Eurostat). In this context, TurkStat strictly adheres to and implements quality standards in statistical production processes by adopting the principle of continuous improvement and excellence in accordance with the ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System Standard.
The Quality Assurance Framework of the European Statistical System (ESS QAF) is a supporting document that aims to assist in the implementation of the European Statistics Code of Practice (CoP). It identifies possible activities, methods and tools that can provide guidance and evidence for the implementation of the CoP's indicators. TurkStat has determined its own quality assurance framework according to the QAF and shares it with all users on the TurkStat website. In line with the principles of the CoP, TurkStat quality assurance framework includes the studies, tools and legal regulations.
ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System
TurkStat is certified by the “ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System” standard. TurkStat implements a holistic quality management system by fulfilling all the necessary requirements of the standard.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
Quality Monitoring and Assessment Tool (QMAT) TurkStat aims to increase the quality of statistics by evaluating the compliance of official statistics produced with quality principles and standards based on European Statistics Practice Principles (Code of Practice-CoP). As a result of the quality assessment carried out with QMAT, areas open to improvement are determined and improvement action plans are created. The actions scheduled in the improvement action plan are regularly monitored to ensure continuous improvement in the quality of official statistics.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
There are sections on the website of our institution for users who want to access both general and detailed information. After selecting the topic interested in from the "Subcategories" part of the "Statistics" section and clicking on the "Search" button, "Press Release", "Statistical Tables", "Databases", "Reports" and "Metadata" contents can be reached.
Data at international and regional level can be accessed through the "Regional Statistics", "Provincial Indicators", "International Selected Indicators", and "Turkstat Library" applications in the "E-Services" section.
Data requests which cannot be replied are compiled regularly and data production process are addressed in the light of this information.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
Statistics produced by the Turkish Statistical Institute are presented to users through various channels, and a number of studies are carried out to increase service quality and meet user needs. The user satisfaction survey, which is one of these studies, is conducted through the corporate website in order to determine the profile, needs, and expectations of the users. The results of the survey are reported annually. User Satisfaction Survey
12.3. Completeness
According to the EBS regulation, the data completeness rate is 100%.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
Not applicable.
13.2. Sampling error
Not applicable.
13.3. Non-sampling error
Not applicable.
14.1. Timeliness
For Services PPI, the first publication is the last working day of the month following the end of the reference period.
14.2. Punctuality
The pre-announced date and time to the users are complied with. Delay is 0 day.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
Service-PPI is comparable to the EU. Methodological studies are carried out in close cooperation with Eurostat. The same statistical concepts are applied to all of Türkiye. There are no geographical differences.
15.2. Comparability - over time
Data submission did not occur until 2024 due to publication base year incompatibility with Eurostat. Data submission has started quarterly starting from 2024, with the base year being 2021=100.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
Other data sets (but only limited cross-checks are possible): An ad hoc comparison is made for PPI with the CPI. Cross-checks with other surveyed data such as previous values.
15.4. Coherence - internal
Service-PPI is internally coherent. Lower level price indices are aggregated to the higher level indices and the total.
The average time spent by respondents to fill statistical report is 15 minutes.
17.1. Data revision - policy
Revision Policy For reliable, comparable, compatible and consistent production of the current statistics by ensuring data integration; strategies have been specified in "Directive on Methods and Principles Regarding Revisions on Statistical Data Produced by Turkish Statistical Institute" . In this context, the general framework with regard to which statistics are to be revised, why, how long and how deep is available via the website.
Current Revision Plan Information about routine/major revisions to be implemented in the current period is crucial for statistics users in the sense of determining the validity of data. In this context, TurkStat has adopted the principle of releasing the routine and/or major revision status of all statistical topics to be published in the beginning of each calendar year via the website.
The same revision policy is applied nationally and also applied in transmissions to Eurostat.
And there are no revisions for service-ppi which is disseminated nationally and also transmitted to Eurostat.
17.2. Data revision - practice
There was no revision during the year of reference.
18.1. Source data
The data used in the Service Producer Price Index calculation consists of data obtained from the Service Producer Price Statistics Monthly Questionnaire and Consumer Price Index data.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Monthly
18.3. Data collection
The data used in the Service Producer Price Index calculation is obtained from the Service Producer Price Statistics Monthly Questionnaire. Average prices in the reference month are used. 7 different methods are used as price compilation method. The price compilation period is the period between the 5th and the 25th day of the month following the reference month.
18.4. Data validation
Reporting units and regional offices control data entry through edits received through the data entry program.
Verification of prices: Experts analyze reported price changes and their reasons within the framework of comments and openings. Region offices remain in close contact with the reporting units.
Processing and analysis of data: Price changes are compared with the previous periods and in CPA categories. Reasons and comments provided by reporting units and region offices are examined and compared with other local units' . Calculations and checks for estimates and quality changes are controlled by sector experts. The influence of price changes in item level and groups on the development of the index is analyzed. Checks are made on the weights and the correctness of the calculations.
Once a year, the weighting structure is compared with the most recent data.
18.5. Data compilation
Estimate for missing values:
Average price change for same respondent units
6-digit CPA weighted average price change
If not available other unit in 6-digit of CPA; 4-digit CPA weighted average price change
Repeating previous period prices
Estimates provided by the responding unit using model price and main input component pricing methods
Methods for quality change:
Overlapping prices
Matched models only
Option prices
Link to show no change
Using average price change for same respondent units
Using 6-digit CPA weighted average price change
If not available other unit in 6-digit of CPA; using 4-digit CPA weighted average price change
Type of index: Chained Laspeyres
Source of weights: Compiled in survey results. According to different sources and sectors (Annual Industrial Product Statistics, Industrial Production and Industrial Product Statistics, Industrial Production and Turnover, National Income, Foreign Trade Export Data). Weights are calculated.
Planned changes in production methods: None.
18.6. Adjustment
No working day or seasonal adjustment is foreseen. There is only one calculation method used for compiling the indices.
Not available
Purpose of the Study: Service Producer Price Index aims to measure the producer price changes of services produced within the country in a certain period.
Definition of Data: Service Producer Price Index is a price index that measures price changes by comparing producer prices of services produced in the country's economy over time in a specific reference period.
18 August 2025
Index formula: Laspeyres.
Sources of weights:National Accounts and Annual Turnover Survey by Products
Prices collected: Prices are excluding VAT and all relevant taxes (Basic prices). All sales are covered in the index including business to business (B-to-B), business to consumer (B-to-C), business to export (B-to-E).
Reporting unit: Enterprise and kind of activity unit (KAU)
Observation unit: Kind of activity unit (KAU)
The population consists of more than 3,000 local units in the sectors within the scope, in 299 CPA sub-categories, that produce in Türkiye in 2025 .
Geographical coverage: Türkiye.
Monthly
Not applicable.
Indices and rate of changes.
Estimate for missing values:
Average price change for same respondent units
6-digit CPA weighted average price change
If not available other unit in 6-digit of CPA; 4-digit CPA weighted average price change
Repeating previous period prices
Estimates provided by the responding unit using model price and main input component pricing methods
Methods for quality change:
Overlapping prices
Matched models only
Option prices
Link to show no change
Using average price change for same respondent units
Using 6-digit CPA weighted average price change
If not available other unit in 6-digit of CPA; using 4-digit CPA weighted average price change
Type of index: Chained Laspeyres
Source of weights: Compiled in survey results. According to different sources and sectors (Annual Industrial Product Statistics, Industrial Production and Industrial Product Statistics, Industrial Production and Turnover, National Income, Foreign Trade Export Data). Weights are calculated.
Planned changes in production methods: None.
The data used in the Service Producer Price Index calculation consists of data obtained from the Service Producer Price Statistics Monthly Questionnaire and Consumer Price Index data.
Monthly
For Services PPI, the first publication is the last working day of the month following the end of the reference period.
Service-PPI is comparable to the EU. Methodological studies are carried out in close cooperation with Eurostat. The same statistical concepts are applied to all of Türkiye. There are no geographical differences.
Data submission did not occur until 2024 due to publication base year incompatibility with Eurostat. Data submission has started quarterly starting from 2024, with the base year being 2021=100.
