Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
[RO1] National Institute of Statistics (NIS) (Romania)
1.2. Contact organisation unit
Price Statistics Division
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
Institutul National de Statistica (NIS) - 16, Libertatii Avenue, district 5, Bucharest, RO-050706
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
8 June 2026
2.2. Metadata last posted
8 June 2026
2.3. Metadata last update
8 June 2026
3.1. Data description
Service Producer Price Index (SPPI).
The objective of SPPI is to measure the quarterly development of services prices.
3.2. Classification system
NACE Rev. 2 Classification.
CPSA 2015 - Classification of products and services associated with the activities.
3.3. Coverage - sector
NACE Rev. 2 Sections: H, I, J, L, M (excl. M701, M72 and M75), N
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
The production price indices for services measures the evolution of tariffs, charged by economic operators for services provided by them in a certain period (called current period) from an earlier period (called basic or reference).
The objective of SPPI is to measure the quarterly development of services prices.
3.5. Statistical unit
Reporting unit and observation unit is KAU.
3.6. Statistical population
The main data source for building up the sample of economic operators is represented by the Annual Statistical (Structural) Bussiness Survey from reference year 2021. Based on the data from this statistical survey, the economic operators are ordered in a descending manner by turnover in each NACE Rev.2 activity class. The economic operators whose turnover represents at least 50% of the total NACE Rev.2 class are kept in the sample.
There are around the 700 units which are surveyed each quarter.
3.7. Reference area
The SPPI’s cover the entire economic territory of the country.
3.8. Coverage - Time
2010
3.9. Base period
Year 2021 = 100.
indices, percentage changes (%)
Quarterly
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
REGULATION (EU) 2019/2152 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 November 2019 on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics and COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics: EU Regulations.
All statistics collected and published by NIS are governed by the statistical Law no. 226/2009 regarding the organisation and functioning of official statistics in Romania updated with subsequent amendments.
The National Law stipulates that all individuals and legal units are required to submit data to the NIS on request, as well as the Government Decision on the Annual National Statistical Programme, which is published annually in the Official Journal.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
Data are sent to Eurostat.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
The standards defining the confidentiality of statistical data are compliant with the Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council (11 March 2009), on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities, also with Article 36 of the Law no. 226/2009 on the organisation and functioning of Official Statistics in Romania.
The article 36 in the Romanian Law on Statistics states that:
the statistical data are deemed confidential if they relate to a single person or legal entity or allow the identification, directly or indirectly, of the person or legal entity concerned;
the statistical data obtained from processing individual data should only be disseminated if after aggregation the results refer to at least 3 sources and if none of them has a weight bigger than 80%;
confidentiality does not extend to individual data on institutions and organisations financed from the state budget, unless such data are protected by laws and other special acts;
confidential statistical data collected by the producers of official statistics cannot be used as evidence in court or to establish rights and obligations for data providers to which it relates.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Aggregations consisting of data of less than 3 establishments are regarded as confidential and therefore not published.
8.1. Release calendar
The Catalogue of statistical publications and services 2026 is publically available and published at the end of the year for the following calendar year on the website Release calendar (the information is only available in Romanian).
The results of the quarterly survey are published in the Prices Statistical Bulletin. The data can be found also in the TEMPO data base TEMPO online.
8.2. Release calendar access
The Catalogue of statistical publications and services 2026 covers the statistical indicators published by the NIS’s publications NIS website.
8.3. Release policy - user access
Quarterly data are available to all users simultaneously at the time of release through the Prices Statistical Bulletin.
No organisation or person outside the NIS has prior access to the data before release to the public.
Quarterly.
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
There are no press releases for this indicator.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
Prices Statistical Bulletin
Romanian Statistical Yearbook
All statistical publications are available also in electronic format.
Access to confidential data (microdata) for scientific purposes is the only exception to the rule that confidential data can only be used to produce official statistics.
More about the microdata access in case of Romanian’s INS can be found at the following link: NIS-microdata.
10.5. Dissemination format - other
Data on SPPI are sent quarterly to Eurostat as indices by eDAMIS using SDMX format within 90 days from the end of the quarter, both to be used in European aggregates as well as to be released as national data.
10.6. Documentation on methodology
Brief details on the SPPI methodology are presented in the statistical publications.
Quarterly SPPI's data and methodological notes are published in Prices Statistical Bulletin.
The price indices are published compared to the reference period required by the EBS Regulation (2021=100).
The system of official statistics follows international and European quality standards. NIS Romania has adopted the UN Fundamental Principles for Official Statistics as well as the European Statistics Code of Practice.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
The statistical process is monitored regarding relevance, accuracy, timeliness, punctuality, coherence and comparability.
provide a short-term indicator of the business cycle;
provide a suitable deflator for value developments, mainly for national accounts and Index on Service Production (ISP) calculation.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
NIS Romania has conducted general surveys of user satisfaction in 2024, and plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose is to know the perception of users regarding the quality of the information they use and if their needs are covered.
The users’ specific needs are considered when methodological revisions are carried out in order to tailor the content of the survey to the specific requirements of its users, thereby increasing their levels of satisfaction.
Data are compliant with European legislation and Eurostat requirements.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
The services producer price index satisfies the principle of accuracy, as it reflects a true picture of the development of services producer prices within a certain economic activity.
There are negligible non sampling errors concerning coverage, measurement and non response.
No CVs are calculated for SPPI.
13.2. Sampling error
A cut off sample is used therefor there are no sampling error.
13.3. Non-sampling error
The response rate for SPPI is about 94%.
The procedures to follow up with the non-responders refers to reminder telephone call and follow-up emails to remind the objective, timeliness, confidentiality of data and legal penalties in case of non-responses.
Usually the typing errors could appear in the processing stage and the data are revised the next month.
No models are used in estimation on errors.
14.1. Timeliness
The indices are transmitted to Eurostat and published each quarter, according to the pre-announced schedule, in general 90 days after the quarter in question.
The questionnaires are sent to the enterprises at the beginning of each year. The enterprises are requested to answer no later than the 25th day after the end of the reference quarter to the territorial statistical direction where data are introduced in the SPPI application and sent to headquarters on the 35th day after the end of reference quarter.
14.2. Punctuality
The SPPI’s are always published on pre-announced date:
Prices Statistical Bulletin - Q + 108 days;
European level (Eurostat) - Q + 90 day;
TEMPO data base- Q+100 days.
Publication deadlines were met.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
The same statistical concepts and classifications are applied in the entire national territory.
15.2. Comparability - over time
The implementation of the EBS Regulation and changes of base periods may introduce some breaks in the time series.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
Cross-checks with other surveyed data such as sub-indices on low level aggregates from the CPI where is possible.
15.4. Coherence - internal
SPPI's are internal coherent. Higher level aggregations are derived from detailed indices according to well-defined procedures.
Number of unit =700
Cost (NIS) hours per year = 5113
Burden (respondents) hours per year = 2224
17.1. Data revision - policy
Data revisions follow the Revision Policy of the NIS Romania, which represent one of the key documents of the office. The same revision policy is applied to STS data released nationally and transmitted to Eurostat. Calendar of standard revisions is being prepared together with the release calendar Revision policy.
Routine revisions: The revised indices are published together with the preliminary indices for the following month. Notice is given at the time the change is introduced.
Major revisions: In the case of regular index rebases (as a rule every five years), the results and changes in the calculation methodology or major changes as classification notice are presented in detail in the Price Statistical Bulletin and on the NIS website well in advance of the change.
17.2. Data revision - practice
The first release of RO SPPI is published as 'provisional' and is subject to revision in the next quarter due to more update information. A base-year revision leads to the backward revision of results.
Major changes in methodology are announced in all statistical publications at the time of the change. The status of data is clearly indicated in the publications.
18.1. Source data
Statistical survey PRETSERV – Production prices for services;
REGIS – Business register;
SBS 2021 – Annual Business Statistical Survey.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Quarterly.
18.3. Data collection
The SPPI data are collected using a paper/electronic questionnaire. The form is clearly addressed to the company in question and include sufficient descriptions and explanations for the respondent to follow.
The SPPI data are collected using a range of data collection: self-completion of the questionnaire received and return the data by e-mail, automated telephone data submission, personnel interview (usually for the new unit included in the sample), internet.
The recommendation for the price collectors is to have a personnel interview with reporting enterprise at list for the first month of each year.
18.4. Data validation
The SPPI system has a built-in module in order to diagnose data errors and checks for possible missing and critical variables. The system generates a detailed report if errors are detected.
The SPPI system generated a report to show the availability of all the establishment data for the compiling period. The information provided in the report is a useful tool for the statistical staff at central office that can follow up any missing establishment price data and prepare for final compilation of the index.
18.5. Data compilation
The main data source for building up the sample of economic operators is represented by the SBS from reference year 2021. In order to obtain additional information and details, the data extracted from the hand in hand with those in Statistical Business Register (REGIS).
Based on the data from this statistical survey, the economic operators are ordered in a descending manner by turnover in each activity class NACE Rev. 2. The economic operators whose turnover represents at least 50% of the total class NACE Rev. 2 are kept in the sample.
All services provided by the economic operators included in the sample are recorded according with CPA 2015 classification (6 digits).
Computation of elementary indices: The elementary index is calculated as the ratio between the tariff applied to each representative service/economic operator in the reference quarter and the average tariff for the base year of the same representative service/economic operator, multiplied by 100.
Aggregation: The index is calculated by aggregating elementary indices at the level of CPA 2015 products/economic operators, CPA 2015 products, NACE Rev. 2 classes and NACE Rev. 2 divisions. The weighting values were determined from the Annual Business Statistical Survey from reference year 2021.
SPPI is coverd B2B and B2all (using CPI).
The pricing methods used for telecommunication services are contract pricing and component pricing.
The SPPI NACE Rev.2 for Divisions J58, J59, J60, M74, N77, N82, Groups H49.2, H49.5, H50.4, J61.3, J61.9, L68.3, N80.3, N81.1, N81.3 and Classes H49.41, H52.21, H52.22, H52.23, H52.29, M70.21 are calculated from earnings; Sections I, Division N79, Groups H49.1, H49.3, H50.1, H50.3, H51.1, L68.2 are calculated from CPI; Group L68.1 is calculated from House Price Indices.
Missing tariffs are imputed, usually by carrying the tariffs of the previous quarter forward. In the case when a service is permanently unavailable the reporting economic operators propose a new one, which have to correspond to the same classification level.
18.6. Adjustment
No working day adjustment or seasonal adjustment is applied.
Not available.
Service Producer Price Index (SPPI).
The objective of SPPI is to measure the quarterly development of services prices.
8 June 2026
The production price indices for services measures the evolution of tariffs, charged by economic operators for services provided by them in a certain period (called current period) from an earlier period (called basic or reference).
The objective of SPPI is to measure the quarterly development of services prices.
Reporting unit and observation unit is KAU.
The main data source for building up the sample of economic operators is represented by the Annual Statistical (Structural) Bussiness Survey from reference year 2021. Based on the data from this statistical survey, the economic operators are ordered in a descending manner by turnover in each NACE Rev.2 activity class. The economic operators whose turnover represents at least 50% of the total NACE Rev.2 class are kept in the sample.
There are around the 700 units which are surveyed each quarter.
The SPPI’s cover the entire economic territory of the country.
Quarterly
The services producer price index satisfies the principle of accuracy, as it reflects a true picture of the development of services producer prices within a certain economic activity.
There are negligible non sampling errors concerning coverage, measurement and non response.
No CVs are calculated for SPPI.
indices, percentage changes (%)
The main data source for building up the sample of economic operators is represented by the SBS from reference year 2021. In order to obtain additional information and details, the data extracted from the hand in hand with those in Statistical Business Register (REGIS).
Based on the data from this statistical survey, the economic operators are ordered in a descending manner by turnover in each activity class NACE Rev. 2. The economic operators whose turnover represents at least 50% of the total class NACE Rev. 2 are kept in the sample.
All services provided by the economic operators included in the sample are recorded according with CPA 2015 classification (6 digits).
Computation of elementary indices: The elementary index is calculated as the ratio between the tariff applied to each representative service/economic operator in the reference quarter and the average tariff for the base year of the same representative service/economic operator, multiplied by 100.
Aggregation: The index is calculated by aggregating elementary indices at the level of CPA 2015 products/economic operators, CPA 2015 products, NACE Rev. 2 classes and NACE Rev. 2 divisions. The weighting values were determined from the Annual Business Statistical Survey from reference year 2021.
SPPI is coverd B2B and B2all (using CPI).
The pricing methods used for telecommunication services are contract pricing and component pricing.
The SPPI NACE Rev.2 for Divisions J58, J59, J60, M74, N77, N82, Groups H49.2, H49.5, H50.4, J61.3, J61.9, L68.3, N80.3, N81.1, N81.3 and Classes H49.41, H52.21, H52.22, H52.23, H52.29, M70.21 are calculated from earnings; Sections I, Division N79, Groups H49.1, H49.3, H50.1, H50.3, H51.1, L68.2 are calculated from CPI; Group L68.1 is calculated from House Price Indices.
Missing tariffs are imputed, usually by carrying the tariffs of the previous quarter forward. In the case when a service is permanently unavailable the reporting economic operators propose a new one, which have to correspond to the same classification level.
Statistical survey PRETSERV – Production prices for services;
REGIS – Business register;
SBS 2021 – Annual Business Statistical Survey.
Quarterly.
The indices are transmitted to Eurostat and published each quarter, according to the pre-announced schedule, in general 90 days after the quarter in question.
The questionnaires are sent to the enterprises at the beginning of each year. The enterprises are requested to answer no later than the 25th day after the end of the reference quarter to the territorial statistical direction where data are introduced in the SPPI application and sent to headquarters on the 35th day after the end of reference quarter.
The same statistical concepts and classifications are applied in the entire national territory.
The implementation of the EBS Regulation and changes of base periods may introduce some breaks in the time series.
