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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Federal Statistical Office (destatis) |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | E 21 "Business indices, seasonal adjustment" |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Statistisches Bundesamt Gustav-Stresemann-Ring 11 65180 Wiesbaden, Germany |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 09/06/2023 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 09/06/2023 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 09/06/2023 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
The Index of Service Production (ISP) describes the real(, calendar- and seasonally-adjusted) change in the volume of production in the services sector. It is therefore an indicator of the development of the volume of Services provided in Germany. Methodologically, the ISP differs from the real (calendar and seasonally adjusted) services turnover index because it is weighted differently. In the case of the ISP, the gross value added from the structural business statistics is used to form indices for higher WZ levels. It can be concluded from this that the ISP at the lowest WZ level, the WZ four-digit level, must resemble the real (calendar- and seasonally adjusted) services turnover index before the weights are used.
Price deflators: |
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3.2. Classification system | |||
NACE Rev. 2. |
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
Activities of NACE Rev. 2 Sections H, I, J, L, M (without 70.1, 72, 75), N. |
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
The Index of Service Production (ISP) describes the real(, calendar- and seasonally-adjusted) change in the volume of production in the services sector. It is therefore an indicator of the deve-lopment of the volume of Services provided in Germany. |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
Legal unit. |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
All relevant statistical units in the business register, i.e. all legal units with at least EUR 17,500 turnover and/or at least one employee and with their main economic activity in one of the NACE-Sections mentioned above. |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
Country as a whole. There are no units located in Germany which are excluded from the production figures. The turnover index does not cover legally independent affiliates abroad or branches abroad. |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
Since 2015 |
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3.9. Base period | |||
2015 = 100 |
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Index |
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Month |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
Till 2022: The laws regulating the collection, treatment and dissemination of statistical data are the Council Regulation (EC) No. 1165/98 of 19 May 1998 concerning short-term statistics with implementing acts (e.g. Commission Regulation No 1503/2006 of 28 September 2006 concerning the definitions) as well as the Federal Statistics Act (1987) and the law on using administrative data (VwDVG of 2010). |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
Data sent to Eurostat may contain confidential data to compile the European aggregate. |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
Confidentiality is guaranteed by section 16 of the Federal Statistics Act. It requires that respondents must be informed about their rights and obligations in providing statistical information. This rule is strictly followed. It also applies to the notification that individual data are only used for statistical purposes and - subject to protection procedures - for scientific purposes. |
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
As regards the confidentiality of data, methods of primary and secondary confidentiality checking have been developed and are being used. |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
A release calendar containing the precise release dates for the reference periods in the following twelve months is published on the website of the destatis. |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
https://www.destatis.de/SiteGlobals/Forms/Suche/Termine/EN/Terminsuche_Formular.html?nn=43216 |
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8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
Indices are simultaneously released to all parties. The data are available at the database “GENESIS-Online” for all users at the same time. |
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Monthly. |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
Press releases are published by destatis: |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
publications are linked on the destatis website www.destatis.de |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
Indices are also published at the time series database “GENESIS-Online” |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Not available. |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
Data are transmitted to Eurostat. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
The following articles describe the methods used for the calculation of short-term.statistics and indices: |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
Standardized quality reports are published on the website of destatis |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
The data of German official statistics enjoy a reputation of high reliability in Germany and abroad. Destatis has committed itself to assure and further enhance the level of quality already attained. In order to achieve this task – also in the ESS – the activities of destatis are based on quality guidelines. To assure quality in the long term, destatis applies a variety of systematic quality assurance measures, among others the European Statistics Code of Practice. |
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
With the switch from a stratified random sample to a mix-model in 2007, the burden, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises, was reduced completely. Since then, the number of the units in the survey decreased to one-tenth. The quality of the results did not suffer from that. Further positive effects are quicker responses and a higher response rate. |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Main users of production indices are the European Commission (Eurostat) at the international level and the Federal Government, i.e. the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, the German Central Bank, business associations, economic research institutes, universities, trade associations, the media, and also the interested public. at the national level. |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
Destatis conducts user satisfaction surveys in various sectors of statistics. The Statistical Advisory Committee (Statistischer Beirat) represents the interests of the users of federal statistics and regularly consults with destatis. |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
STS requirements according to EU regulations and national laws are fulfilled. |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Main sources for errors or potential for bias in the calculation of the production index are induced by survey data, in particular unit/item non response, over and under coverage, incorrect classified units in the sample frame, implausible data, incorrect signing of the non-response case and inappropriate estimation of missing values. |
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13.2. Sampling error | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The sampling design for monthly statistics in the service sector are selected according to recognized scientific random sample theory so that statistical results deliver the best possible precision given the sample size.
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The response is obligatory. Otherwise, fines can be imposed up to EUR 5,000.
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
Results for production in service sector are published 65 days after the end of the reference period (t+65). |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
All publication deadlines are met. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
The production index for “other service activities” is geographically comparable. However, the comparability between Member States cannot be guaranteed due to different methods applied by Member States. |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||
Consistent data are available since 2015. Currently longer time series do not exist, since they had to be estimated especially for the new EBS regulation by EUROSTAT. |
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||
SBS and STS data (change rates) are coherent to a limited extent only. The reason is, among others, different methods of compiling the respective statistics due to different purposes of SBS and STS statistics. Furthermore, there are differences in the European definitions. |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||
Data are internally consistent. Administrative data alone would not completely meet the European requirements. For this reason, administrative data is combined with survey data of “big enterprises”. It can also be stated that both the completeness of data and its quality increase the later data are obtained. |
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Costs per year in EUR 1,000: 643 |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||||||||||||||||||||
The general revision policy adopted by the FSO covers routine revisions, major revisions and non-scheduled revisions. It can be found on the FSO website |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||||||||||||||||||||
Data revisions are necessary due to new information which is included through regular revisions.
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18.1. Source data | |||
The data set of Section I is based on a sample survey. The weights of value added on the lowest NACE level available convert the turnover data to production indices. |
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Data are collected monthly. |
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18.3. Data collection | |||
Reporting via electronic media (internet) is obligatory since August 2013. Missing responses are requested by telephone, postal or e-mail reminders. |
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18.4. Data validation | |||
Plausibility checks on micro data level are implemented. There are different checks for survey data and administrative data. For survey data the plausibility checks can be divided in “can-be-errors” (could be an error) and “must-be-errors” (is definitely an error). The “must-be-errors” have to be cleared prior to the compilation of the indices, otherwise the process stops. |
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18.5. Data compilation | |||
Indices are compiled by the change rate to the same month of the previous year on the 4-digit-level of the NACE Rev. 2. The aggregation to higher levels takes place by using SBS-weights of value added. |
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18.6. Adjustment | |||
Calendar and seasonal adjustment based on X13 in JDemetra+ 2.2 for NACE sectors H, I, J, L, M and N and the respective NACE level 2 and the aggregate. |
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General remark: The time series for production indices were generated in 01/22 and the deflators used currently represent the best possible procedure to ensure the monthly compilation of real economic indicators in services. It is planned to replace the C-category deflators, if available, with more suitable deflators switching to the future base year 2021. |
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