|
For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
|
|||
1.1. Contact organisation | Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic |
||
1.2. Contact organisation unit | Cross-sectional Statistics Department |
||
1.5. Contact mail address | Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic Lamacska cesta 3/C 840 05 Bratislava 45 Slovakia |
|
|||
2.1. Metadata last certified | 30/10/2023 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 30/10/2023 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 30/10/2023 |
|
||||||||||||
3.1. Data description | ||||||||||||
Statistics on Private non-profit R&D (PNPRD) measure research and experimental development (R&D) performed in the private non-profit sector, i.e. R&D expenditure and R&D personnel. In line with this objective the target population for the national R&D survey of the private non-profit sector should consist of all R&D performing units (including all R&D performers – occasional and continuous, known and unknown - in all branches and size classes) belonging to this sector. The main concepts and definitions used for the production of R&D statistics are given by the OECD (2015), Frascati Manual 2015: Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development, The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities, which is the internationally recognised standard methodology for collecting R&D statistics and by Eurostat’s European Business Statistics Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics (EBS Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics). Since the beginning of 2021, the collection of R&D statistics is based on Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020. The Regulation sets the framework for the collection of R&D statistics and specifies the main variables of interest and their breakdowns at predefined level of detail. Statistics on science, technology and innovation were collected until the end of 2020 based on the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2012/995 concerning the production and development of Community statistics on science and technology. |
||||||||||||
3.2. Classification system | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
3.2.1. Additional classifications | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
3.3. Coverage - sector | ||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||
3.3.1. General coverage | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
3.3.2. Sector institutional coverage | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
3.3.3. R&D variable coverage | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
3.3.4. International R&D transactions | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
3.3.5. Extramural R&D expenditures | ||||||||||||
According to the Frascati Manual, expenditure on extramural R&D (i.e. R&D performed outside the statistical unit) is not included in intramural R&D performance totals (FM, §4.12).
|
||||||||||||
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | ||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||
3.4.1. R&D expenditure | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
3.4.2. R&D personnel | ||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||
3.4.2.1. R&D personnel – Head Counts (HC) | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
3.4.2.2. R&D personnel – Full Time Equivalent (FTE) | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
3.4.2.3. FTE calculation | ||||||||||||
FTE is provided by units in the R&D questionnaire, it is calculated according to the formula: |
||||||||||||
3.4.2.4. R&D personnel - Cross-classification by function and qualification | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
3.5. Statistical unit | ||||||||||||
The statistical unit is the institutional unit as defined by Council Regulation (EEC) No 1993/696 of 15 March 1993. |
||||||||||||
3.6. Statistical population | ||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||
3.6.1. National target population | ||||||||||||
The target population is the population for which inferences are made. The frame (or frames, as sometimes several frames are used) is a device that permits access to population units. The frame population is the set of population units which can be accessed through the frame and the survey data really refer to this population of institutional units. The objective of the European R&D statistics is to cover all intramural R&D activities. In line with this objective, the target population for the national R&D survey of the PNP Sector should consist of all R&D performing units (including known R&D performers or assumed to perform R&D). In practise however, countries in their R&D surveys might have difficulty in identifying R&D activities at the municipality level.
|
||||||||||||
3.7. Reference area | ||||||||||||
Not requested. R&D statistics cover national and regional data. |
||||||||||||
3.8. Coverage - Time | ||||||||||||
Not requested. See point 3.4. |
||||||||||||
3.9. Base period | ||||||||||||
Not requested. The base year for the unit Purchasing Power Standard (PPS) and PPS per inhabitant at constant prices is currently 2005. All calculations of non-basic unit (national currencies) are done by Eurostat. |
|
|||
R&D indicators are available according to 3 units of measure: R&D expenditure in thousand € Number of R&D personnel in HC as total number of persons engaged in R&D during the calendar year Number of R&D personnel in FTE as sum of work-hours in R&D activities over the current year divided by 2000. |
|
|||
Reference period is calendar year 2021. |
|
||||||||||||||
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | ||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||
6.1.1. European legislation | ||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
6.1.2. National legislation | ||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
6.1.3. Standards and manuals | ||||||||||||||
- Frascati Manual 2015, Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development |
||||||||||||||
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | ||||||||||||||
Not requested. |
|
|||
7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
Confidentiality, being one of the process quality components, concerns the privacy of data providers (households, enterprises, administrations and other respondents), the confidentiality of the information they provide and the extent of its use for statistical purposes. A property of data indicating the extent to which their unauthorised disclosure could be prejudicial or harmful to the interest of the source or other relevant parties.
a) Confidentiality protection required by law: Act No. 540/2001 Coll. on state statistics as amended.
b) Confidentiality commitments of survey staff: The survey staff signed the confidentiality commitment. |
|||
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
Confidential data are protected according to the CR (EC) No 322/97 and according to the national Act No 540/2001 on State Statistics as amended. Internal methodological instruction of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic regulates specific methods and values of parameters used in the protection of confidential statistical data of surveys and data sets specified in the Directive on the protection of confidential statistical data. Identifying confidential cells in aggregated data: minimum frequency rule (n=3) together with the k % dominance rule. |
|
|||
8.1. Release calendar | |||
The Catalog of Publications is publicly available on the website of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and it contains basic information on the issued titles, issue dates, periodicity and language version. |
|||
8.2. Release calendar access | |||
https://slovak.statistics.sk/wps/portal/ext/products/publikacie/Kalendár zverejňovania publikácií/ |
|||
8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
Information on all new released publications is available on the website of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. The release policy determines the availability of statistical data to all users at the same time. |
|
|||
Yearly data dissemination. |
|
||||||||||||||||
10.1. Dissemination format - News release | ||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||
10.1.1. Availability of the releases | ||||||||||||||||
1) Y - Yes, N – No |
||||||||||||||||
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | ||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||
10.2.1. Availability of means of dissemination | ||||||||||||||||
1) Y – Yes, N - No |
||||||||||||||||
10.3. Dissemination format - online database | ||||||||||||||||
On-line database of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic, https://slovak.statistics.sk/wps/portal/ext/Databases The way to R&D data on this address: DATAcube. - Access to database DATAcube. - Multi-domain statistics - Science, technology and innovation - Research and Development |
||||||||||||||||
10.3.1. Data tables - consultations | ||||||||||||||||
Not requested. |
||||||||||||||||
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | ||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||
10.4.1. Provisions affecting the access | ||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
10.5. Dissemination format - other | ||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||
10.5.1. Metadata - consultations | ||||||||||||||||
Not requested. |
||||||||||||||||
10.5.2. Availability of other dissemination means | ||||||||||||||||
1) Y – Yes, N - No |
||||||||||||||||
10.6. Documentation on methodology | ||||||||||||||||
Meta-information is available in on-line publication and on-line database, which includes description of indicators, definitions, survey methodology etc. |
||||||||||||||||
10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate | ||||||||||||||||
Not requested. |
||||||||||||||||
10.7. Quality management - documentation | ||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||
10.7.1. Information and clarity | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||
11.1. Quality assurance | |||
Statistical Office of the SR has established the system of quality management. Quality manual contains description of system of quality management and fulfillment of requirements of standard ISO 9001. The application of the Quality manual in practice ensures that all activities with impact on the quality of statistical products are planned, managed, examined, evaluated and meet the requirements accepted in the customer order. Quality manual is available at: https://slovak.statistics.sk/wps/wcm/connect/b28fd6cb-76cf-4477-9a97-d9789b1fa429/Prirucka_kvality_2021.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=nTynTCM&CVID=nTynTCM The basis of the whole system of quality management is the European Statistics Code of Practice. |
|||
11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
The overall quality of the PNP R&D statistical outputs is very good. The survey methodology follows the Frascati manual recommendations and the national and international requirements. The R&D statistics complies with the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics. The R&D survey coverage, reference period, data collection, checking and data processing follow the Eurostat methodology and recommendations for production of the common R&D statistics of the EU member states. Results of the survey for the country total and by regions as well were transmitted to Eurostat. Transmission of R&D data to Eurostat was realised in the SDMX format via eDAMIS - the safe, secure procedure. Main strengths of the survey: Main activities undertaken to assure high quality of PNP R&D statistics: |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12.1. Relevance - User Needs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12.1.1. Needs at national level | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1) Users' class codification 1- Institutions: 2- Social actors: Employers’ associations, trade unions, lobbies, among others, at the European, national or regional level. 3- Media: International or regional media – specialized or for the general public – interested both in figures and analyses or comments. The media are the main channels of statistics to the general public. 4- Researchers and students (Researchers and students need statistics, analyses, ad hoc services, access to specific data.) 5- Enterprises or businesses (Either for their own market analysis, their marketing strategy (large enterprises) or because they offer consultancy services) 6- Other (User class defined for national purposes, different from the previous classes.) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
To evaluate if users' needs have been satisfied, the best way is to use user satisfaction surveys. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12.2.1. National Surveys and feedback | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12.3. Completeness | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not available. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12.3.2. Data availability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share of PNP R&D expenditure in GERD (Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D): 0,05% |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12.3.2.1. Incorporation PNP sector in another sector | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12.3.2.2. Non-collection of R&D data for the PNP sector | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12.3.2.3. Data availability on more detail level | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1) This question is optional. It refers to variables and breakdowns NOT asked by the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2020/1197 (neither as 'optional'). 2) Y-start year |
|
|||
13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
Accuracy in the statistical sense denotes the closeness of computations or estimates to the exact or true values. Statistics are not equal with the true values because of variability (the statistics change from implementation to implementation of the survey due to random effects) and bias (the average of the possible values of the statistics from implementation to implementation is not equal to the true value due to systematic effects).
Several types of statistical errors occur during the survey process. The following typology of errors has been adopted: 1. Sampling errors. These only affect sample surveys. They are due to the fact that only a subset of the population, usually randomly selected, is enumerated. 2. Non-sampling errors. Non-sampling errors affect sample surveys and complete enumerations alike and comprise: a) Coverage errors, b) Measurement errors, c) Non response errors and d) Processing errors.
Model assumption errors should be treated under the heading of the respective error they are trying to reduce. |
|||
13.2. Sampling error | |||
That part of the difference between a population value and an estimate thereof, derived from a random sample, which is due to the fact that only a subset of the population is enumerated. |
|||
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators | |||
The main indicator used to measure sampling errors is the coefficient of variation (CV). Coefficient of variation for Total R&D expenditure : Coefficient of variation for Total R&D personnel (FTE) : |
|||
13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
Non-sampling errors occur in all phases of a survey. They add to the sampling errors (if present) and contribute to decreasing overall accuracy. It is important to assess their relative weight in the total error and devote appropriate resources for their control and assessment.
a) Extent of non-sampling errors:
b) Measures taken to reduce the extent of non-sampling errors:
c) Methods used in order to correct / adjust for such errors:
|
|||
13.3.1. Coverage error | |||
Coverage errors are due to divergences between the target population and the frame population. The frame population is the set of target population members that has a chance to be selected into the survey sample. It is a listing of all items in the population from which the sample is drawn that contains contact details as well as sufficient information to perform stratification and sampling. |
|||
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate | |||
Not requested. |
|||
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion | |||
Not requested. |
|||
13.3.2. Measurement error | |||
Not requested. |
|||
13.3.3. Non response error | |||
Not requested. |
|||
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate | |||
Not requested. |
|||
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate | |||
Not requested. |
|||
13.3.4. Processing error | |||
Not requested. |
|||
13.3.5. Model assumption error | |||
Not requested. |
|
|||||||||||||||
14.1. Timeliness | |||||||||||||||
Timeliness and punctuality refer to time and dates, but in a different manner: the timeliness of statistics reflects the length of time between their availability and the event or phenomenon they describe. Punctuality refers to the time lag between the release date of the data and the target date on which they should have been delivered, with reference to dates announced in the official release calendar. |
|||||||||||||||
14.1.1. Time lag - first result | |||||||||||||||
Time lag between the end of reference period and the release date of the results:
a) End of reference period: 31/12/2021 b) Date of first release of national data: 12/10/2022 c) Lag (months): 10 |
|||||||||||||||
14.1.2. Time lag - final result | |||||||||||||||
a) End of reference period: 31/12/2021 b) Date of first release of national data: 28/06/2023 c) Lag (months): 18 |
|||||||||||||||
14.2. Punctuality | |||||||||||||||
Punctuality refers to the time lag between the release date of data and the target date on which they were scheduled for release as announced officially. |
|||||||||||||||
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication | |||||||||||||||
Punctuality of time schedule of data release = (Actual date of the data release) - (Scheduled date of the data release) |
|||||||||||||||
14.2.1.1. Deadline and date of data transmission | |||||||||||||||
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.1. Comparability - geographical | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not requested. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.1.2. General issues of comparability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
No divergences from FM, from international classification, no divergence in survey coverage. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.1.3. Survey Concepts Issues | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table lists a number of key survey concepts and conceptual issues; it gives reference to the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2020/1197 or Frascati manual paragraphs and the EBS Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics with recommendations about these concepts / issues.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.1.4. Deviations from recommendations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table lists a number of key methodological issues, which may affect the international comparability of national R&D statistics. The table gives the references in the Frascati manual, where related recommendations are made. Countries are asked to report on the existence of any deviations from existing recommendations and comment upon.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.2. Comparability - over time | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.2.2. Breaks in time series | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1) Breaks years are years for which data are not fully comparable to the previous period. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.2.3. Collection of data in the even years | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The data are produced in the same way in the odd and even years. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.3. Coherence - cross domain | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not requested. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Classification ESA2010 is used in R&D statistics for definition of sectors. PNP sector includes institutional units classified in S.15 with exclusion of those units included in the HES. R&D survey data are regularly used in SNA calculations. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.4. Coherence - internal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.4.1. Comparison between preliminary and final data | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
This part compares key R&D variables as preliminary and final data.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15.4.2. Consistency between R&D personnel and expenditure | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Calculate the average remuneration (cost) of individuals belonging to the internal R&D personnel, excluding those who are only formally ‘employees’ (university students, grant holders, etc.). (2) Calculate the average remuneration (cost) of individuals belonging to the external R&D personnel (FTEs/other current R&D costs for external R&D personnel). |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
The assessment of costs associated with a statistical product is a rather complicated task since there must exist a mechanism for appointing portions of shared costs (for instance shared IT resources and dissemination channels) and overheads (office space, utility bills etc). The assessment must become detailed and clear enough so that international comparisons among agencies of different structures are feasible. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
16.1. Costs summary | |||||||||||||||||||||
1) The shares of the figures given in the first column that are accounted for by payments to private firms or other Government agencies. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
16.2. Components of burden and description of how these estimates were reached | |||||||||||||||||||||
1) T = the time required to provide the information, including time spent assembling information prior to completing a form or taking part in interview and the time taken up by any subsequent contacts after receipt of the questionnaire (‘Re-contact time’) |
|
|||
17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
Not requested. |
|||
17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
Not requested. |
|||
17.2.1. Data revision - average size | |||
Not requested. |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.1. Source data | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Several separate activities are used for the collection of raw data or pre-compiled administrative data and statistics related to R&D. For simplicity, we call them surveys irrespective of whether they are sample surveys, censuses, collections of administrative data/pre-compiled statistics. This section presents the names of the surveys by sector of performance as well as methodological information for each survey. Depending on the type of survey and sector of performance, only the sections corresponding to that survey and sector are filled in. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.1.1. Data source – general information | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.1.2. Sample/census survey information | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.1.3. Information on collection of administrative data or of pre-compiled statistics | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.2. Frequency of data collection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual data collection. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.3. Data collection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.3.1. Data collection overview | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.3.2. Questionnaire and other documents | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annexes: 2021_SK_RD questionnaire_VV 6-01 in English 2021_SK_RD questionnaire_VV 6-01 in Slovak language |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.4. Data validation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data validation is embedded in the integrated statistical information system (ISIS) of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic (SO SR).
When collecting data, the following checks are distinguished:
1- formal checks carried out automatically in the data collection process
2- informal checks to check the complexity and relationships between variables.
In terms of severity of errors, a distinction is made between:
I - Infomatic errors - provide additional information that is necessary for the process of data checking and correction. They provide information on possible exceedances of the set limits, partial non-response, etc.
Z - Serious errors - refer to specific errors that must be corrected or justified by the reporting unit. These errors are consulted with the reporting unit and corrected by employees of the SO SR.
Controls and algorithms for creation of outputs, which ensure their required quality, are also defined in the ISIS system.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.5. Data compilation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See below. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.5.1. Imputation - rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.5.2. Data compilation methods | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.5.3. Measurement issues | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.5.4. Weighting and estimation methods | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.6. Adjustment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not requested. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not requested. |
|
|||
|
|||
|
|||