House price and sales index (prc_hpi_inx)

1.1. Contact organisation

[PL1] Statistics Poland

1.2. Contact organisation unit

Prices and Services Statistics Department  - Statistics Poland

Real Estate Statistics Centre - Statistical Office in Szczecin

1.3. Contact name

Confidential because of GDPR

1.4. Contact person function

Confidential because of GDPR

1.5. Contact mail address

1) Statistics Poland

     Aleja Niepodległości 208

     00-925 Warsaw

     Poland

2) Statistical Office in Szczecin

    Jana Matejki Street 22

     70-530 Szczecin

     Poland

1.6. Contact email address

Confidential because of GDPR

1.7. Contact phone number

Confidential because of GDPR

1.8. Contact fax number

Confidential because of GDPR

2.1. Metadata last update

24 June 2026

2.2. Metadata last certified

24 June 2026

2.3. Metadata last posted

24 June 2026

3.1. Data description

The House Price Index (HPI) measures the evolution of market prices of all residential properties that are purchased by households, independently of its previous owners or final use.

3.2. Classification system

The HPI data is classified according to the type of dwellings (new and existing dwellings).

This classification is also used for house sales indicators.

3.3. Coverage - sector

ESA 2010 sector S.14 (Household sector).

3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions

The HPI measures the price evolution of dwellings purchased by households. Calculations of HPI for Poland are based on information on residential premises. It covers transactions made by household regardless of its final use. This index thus covers not only the transactions that are new to the household sector but also all that are traded between households. Index figures are based on market prices, non-market prices are excluded from the HPI. Data are compiled on the basis of full transaction prices (final market prices paid by households) which are collected through the use of an administrative data source. Transaction prices include the value of land. All transactions are included (both cash and mortgage). The HPI is a chain-linked Laspeyres-type price index.

3.5. Statistical unit

A market transaction of a residential property purchased by a private household.

3.6. Statistical population

The target population is the set of all transactions of residential premises purchased by households.

3.7. Reference area

HPI covers the whole territory of Poland.

3.8. Coverage - Time

Data are available since the first quarter of 2010.

3.9. Base period

The HPI reference period is 2025=100.

Index figures with reference year 2015 are available, as well as quarterly and annual growth rates in percentage. Weights are given as parts in 1000.

The compiled quarterly indexes represent the whole calendar quarter.

6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements

European level:

• Regulation (EU) 2016/792 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on harmonised indices of consumer prices and the house price index, and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 2494/95 (OJ L 135, 24 May 2016, p. 11–38).
• Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1470 of 17 July 2023 laying down the methodological and technical specifications in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2016/792 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the house price index and the owner-occupied housing price index, and amending Commission Regulation (EU) 2020/1148 (L. O. 181, 18 July 2023).
• Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1182 of 17 June 2025 establishing detailed rules on the rescaling of harmonised indices to the common index reference period 2025.

National level:

• The Law on Official Statistics passed on 29th June 1995 with subsequent amendments.
• "Programme of Statistical Surveys of Official Statistics" which exists as an annual regulation of the Council of Ministers.
• The Law on Real Estate Management passed on 21st August 1997 with subsequent amendments.

6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing

None.

7.1. Confidentiality - policy

National legislation:

All statistics collected and published by the Statistics Poland are governed by the Law on Official Statistics passed on 29th June 1995 with subsequent amendments (Journal of Laws 2024 item 1799). The question of confidentiality is explained in the art. 10 and 38 of the Law on Official Statistics:

Article 10: "The collected and gathered in the statistical surveys of official statistics individual and personal data shall be confidential and subject to particular protection; the data shall be used exclusively for statistical calculations, compilations and analyses and for the creation by the statistical services of official statistics sampling frames for statistical surveys conducted by those services; providing or use of individual and personal data for other than specified above purposes shall be prohibited (statistical confidentiality)."

Article 38:

1. It shall not be allowed to publish or disseminate individual data obtained in the statistical surveys of official statistics.
2. It shall not be allowed to publish or disseminate obtained in statistical surveys of official statistics statistical information which can be linked or can identify natural persons or individual data characterizing business entities, especially if the aggregated data consist of less than three entities or the share of one entity in the compilation is higher than the three-fourths of the total.
3. In the case of business entities, information and statistical data mentioned in point 2, can be published if the person authorised to represent particular entity gave consent to publish specific data considering economic and financial results of the entity."

European legislation:

Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 11 March 2009, on the transmission of the data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities.

7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

Confidential data are treated in accordance with the policy described in concept 7.1.

8.1. Release calendar

An official release calendar is published on the website of Statistics Poland. A release calendar is established for the given month, for the given quarter as well as for the whole year.

8.2. Release calendar access

The release calendar is accessible on the Statistics Poland website (Editorial Title-Plan of the Statistics Poland and Regional Statistical Offices 2026).

8.3. Release policy - user access

Data are disseminated to all users via internet. The data is published for the first time in a news releases that is published on the Statistics Poland website. Publication dates are announced in advance in an official release calendar.

According to Article 14 of the 'Law on Official Statistics' the official statistics shall provide to all equal, indiscriminatory and simultaneous access to the statistical information.

Quarterly.

10.1. Dissemination format - News release

HPI indices for the country as a whole and for 16 voivodships are published:

• in the Official Journal of the Republic of Poland 'Monitor Polski' in the form of an announcement of the President of the Statistics Poland (only in Polish): Główny Urząd Statystyczny / Opracowania sygnalne / Komunikaty i Obwieszczenia
• as news release: Price indices of residential premises: Statistics Poland / Topics / Prices, Trade / Price indices / Price indices of residential premises

10.2. Dissemination format - Publications

The HPI indices are published in:

• Statistical Bulletin (Tabl. 1) (Statistics Poland / Topics / Other studies / Informations on socio-economic situation / Statistical Bulletin No 5/2026);
• Statistical Yearbook: Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland - Households. Dwellings and  Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland - Prices (Statistics Poland / Topics / Statistical yearbooks).

10.3. Dissemination format - online database

The HPI indices are disseminated in Knowledge Database Prices - Real estate prices.

10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Micro-data are not disseminated.

10.5. Dissemination format - other

Not available.

10.6. Documentation on methodology

The basic information on surveys conducted by the Statistics Poland is given in the 'Programme of Statistical Surveys of Official Statistics'. A short description of the HPI is available on the website of Statistics Poland. There is an internal documentation which describe the methodology of compiling HPI indices. The applied methodology was developed taking into account Eurostat recommendations and specifically recommendations included in the 'Technical Manual on Owner-Occupied Housing' as well as in the 'Handbook on Residential Property Prices Indices'.

10.7. Quality management - documentation

Due to the fact that these data are obtained from administrative data sources, no quality reports are prepared for them for the national purposes. Information about HPI quality is included in this Metadata.

11.1. Quality assurance

Documentation on procedures applied for quality management is available on the website of Statistics Poland.

The legal basis of the quality policy of the Polish official statistics is the internal Regulation of the President of Statistics Poland (No 35 of 28th December 2011) on measurement, evaluation and monitoring of statistical surveys quality.

The applied quality policy is based on the follwoing international and european standards:

• Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics;
• European Statistics Code of Practice;
• Quality Assurance framewor QAF;
• Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2009 on European statistics.

For measurement and assessment of the quality of statistical surveys, the following tools are applied:

• standard quality reports;
• standard quality indicators;
• self-assessment checklist;
• audits/peer reviews.

In order to assure an appropriate quality of HPI indices automatic quality controls have been implemented within the HPI production process, in order to detect and correct errors in the data that are received. Outliers, such as dwellings with particularly small or large floor area or very high or low prices per m2 are excluded from the index.

11.2. Quality management - assessment

Self-assessment based on the OOH Technical Manual and the European Statistical System (ESS) definition of quality is routinely carried out.

12.1. Relevance - User Needs

Classification of national data users with an indication of their importance for official statistics, taking into account the purpose of data usage, is the following:

• key users - government and self-government administration, National Central Bank, Polish Financial Supervision Authority;
• important users - research institutes, universities, organizations of employers, enterprises, insurance institutions, media;
• other users - social organizations, professional self-government, economic self-government, trade unions, students, individuals.

12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

User needs are systematically monitored and taken into consideration while drafting the 'Programme of Statistical Survey of Official Statistics' for the next year. The organs of the state power, government and self-government administration, organizations of employers and other institutions, provide opinions on statistical surveys and recommend implementation of the new ones. Data users, e.g. universities, research institutes, enterprises or individuals may indicate their needs by data inquiries and orders.

The last user satisfaction survey was conducted at the end of 2013. The survey covered the following data users: government and self-government administration, National Central Bank, Polish Financial Supervision Authority, research institutes, universities, organizations of employers, enterprises, insurance institutions, media, social organizations, professional self-government, economic self-government, trade unions, students, individuals. The survey was carried out via internet. For this purpose, an electronic questionnaire has been elaborated and was placed on the CSO server. Questions included in the questionnaire have been adjusted to all data users mentioned above and they comprised, among others, the following issues:

• general information on using statistical data (which data were used, how often and for what purpose),
• assessment of data availability, transparency, timelines, comparability and level of details,
• evaluation of services provided by the CSO and assessment of the internet website Statistics Poland.
• assessment of statistical metadata (methodology, glossaries, classifications applied, etc.),
• users needs and expectations concerning disseminated statistics and offered services,
• general assessment of statistics (according to the European Statistics Code of Practice).

12.3. Completeness

The HPI for Poland is based on information on residential properties collected from the Real Estate Price Registers (RCN). The primary data source used to calculate the House Price Index (HPI) is administrative data obtained from these registers, which are maintained by Powiat Administrative Offices and offices of cities with powiat status (380 units). The registers contain information on real estate prices recorded in notarial deeds. HPI figures are calculated using preliminary data received after the end of the respective quarter.

13.1. Accuracy - overall

The accuracy of the HPI depends on the quality of the data source used and the methodology applied. The accuracy of the HPI is considered to be sufficient. The main limitations are related to delays in recording data in the source register and the lack of information on the floor area of buildings in the case of houses.

13.2. Sampling error

Sampling errors are not calculated for HPI indices because the survey is not based on random sampling. The aim of the survey is to collect information on all transactions concluded during the reference period. However, due to the time lag between the transaction date and its registration in the administrative database, not all transactions are included in the calculations.

13.3. Non-sampling error

In general the used data source is assessed as suitable to portrait the evolution of actual transaction prices as experienced by buyers and sellers. However it has some limitations which have impact on obtained results. One of the main problems is lack of information on the floor space area of the structure in case of houses. 

Moreover the following non-sampling errors can occur in the survey of HPI:

• errors due to non-response,
• data entry errors,
• quality change bias.

In order to minimize the impact of errors in data provided by respondents on HPI indices appropriate validation procedures are applied. In case of non-response a telephone and e-mail follow-up of non-respondents takes place. In case of missing data imputation procedures are applied. In order to control changes in the mix of properties sold the stratification method is used.

14.1. Timeliness

HPI is published quarterly about 95 days after the end of the reference period. The dates of HPI publication (Price indices of residential premises) are publicly available.

14.2. Punctuality

HPI figures are provided to Eurostat on a quarterly basis, about 85 days after the end of the reference period. 

15.1. Comparability - geographical

HPI indices for different geographical areas of Poland are comparable.

15.2. Comparability - over time

HPI indices are comparable over time.

15.3. Coherence - cross domain

The HPI categories: H.1.1. Purchase of newly built dwellings and H.1.2. Purchase of existing dwellings are conceptually comparable with the OOH categories: O.1.1.1.1. Purchases of newly built dwellings and O.1.1.2. Existing dwellings new to households. However the HPI does not follow the net acquisition concept and the price of land is included in prices and weights.

The HPI indices are cross-checked with data compiled by the National Central Bank (average prices per square meter and existing stock hedonic house price indexes for 16 capital cities of voivodships). The indices compiled by Statistics Poland and the NCB show similar trends.

15.4. Coherence - internal

HPI indices are internally coherent. Concepts, definitions and classifications for compiling the indices are consistent across all subdivisions. Higher-level aggregates are obtained from lower-level indices with the use of well-established procedures.

Estimated employment cost amounted to about 1,241,000 of national currency for 2026 (of which 216,300 of national currency for HPI calculation and 1,024,700 of national currency for preparing administrative data for HPI calculation).

Administrative data are obtained for free on the basis of the annual Statistical surveys program of official statistics. Administrative data sources are used to minimize the burden on respondents.

17.1. Data revision - policy

The HPI data are not subject to periodic and systematic revisions.

17.2. Data revision - practice

HPI data from 2010Q1 to 2015Q1 were revised and sent to Eurostat in October 2015. The revision was carried out due to introduction of the HPI breakdown to new and existing dwellings.

18.1. Source data

 See below.

18.1.1. Prices

The HPI for Poland is based on information on residential properties collected from the Real Estate Price Registers (RCN). 

18.1.2. Weights

HPI weights are based on observed residential property transaction values.The partition of the total HPI weight into new and existing residential property is done using information available from the same source as used for prices, i.e. administrative sources called "Real Estate Price Registers". Data on weights were partly estimated for the years 2021-2023, therefore they are presented in the database with the "e" flag. When calculating the weights in 2021-2023, estimates were made of the value of missing transactions made in two large cities: Warsaw and Szczecin.

18.1.3. Source data - House Sales indicators

The House Sales Indicators are compiled using administrative sources, the Real Estate Price Registers. Data are provided by Powiat Administrative Offices and offices of cities with powiat status (380 units). Data on property sales are compiled on the basis of final data from these registers and are transmitted six months after the end of the reference year. The data cover transactions involving residential properties.

18.2. Frequency of data collection

Data from the Real Estate Price Registers are transferred to public statistics institutions five times a year (preliminary data are transferred four times at the end of each quarter and final data for the entire year are transferred once).

18.3. Data collection

Reporting units provide electronic data in the three formats of files (SWDE, GML and GML 2 with  the new data structure) via electronic system of data collection. The files are checked as regards format correctness and then converted into database format. In case of non-response, any errors in files or problems with data completeness reporting units are contacted by e-mail or phone.

18.4. Data validation

Data provided by reporting units are subject to quality checks. Among other things the following checks are performed:

• response rate,
• correctness of the file format,
• data completeness (time coverage of provided data, number of transactions in comparison with previous periods), 
• correctness of used symbols, - checks of consistency between varables,
• detection of missing values,
• detection of duplicated records,
• errors detection, 
• outlier detection (with the use of the algorithm based on interquartile range),
• visual data inspection.

In case of missing data imputation procedures are applied.

All non-market transactions are excluded from calculations.

18.5. Data compilation

 See below.

18.5.1. Calculation and Aggregation

 See below.

18.5.1.1. Index formulae

HPI is a Laspeyres-type price index.

18.5.1.2. Aggregation method

The HPI indices have been aggregated using weights based on market transaction values.

The HPI indices at the lowest level have been calculated using the ratio of the arithmetic mean of transaction prices.

18.5.1.3. Derivation of sub-index and elementary aggregate weights

The HPI weights are based on the value of market transactions in the previous year both for new and existing residential properties where the buyer is a natural person are taken into account. The land component is included. The weights are updated annually and recalculated into prices of the 4th quarter of the previous year.

HPI for 2025 are calculated on the basis of the market transaction value which took place in 2025.

18.5.1.4. Price updating

Weights are price updated to the fourth quarter of the year t-1.

18.5.1.5. Chaining and linking method

The HPI is chained on a yearly basis using the fourth quarter of the previous year as the linking period.

18.5.1.6. Compilation of sub-indices

In order to reduce the 'quality mix' problem the stratification method is applied. 

18.5.1.6.1. Hedonic method

Not applicable.

18.5.1.6.2. SPAR method

Not applicable.

18.5.1.6.3. Stratification

For HPI computing 468 strata (of which 140 strata for the new residential properties and 328 strata for existing residential properties) are used.

The following stratification variables are used:

1. type of residential properties (new and existing residential properties);
2. geographical area (16 voivodships, of which capital of voivodships for new flats and the biggest cities in voivodships for existing flats);
3. number of rooms (up to 2 rooms, 3 rooms, 4 rooms and more).

18.5.2. Other processing issues

 See below.

18.5.2.1. Timing for pricing

The price of the residential properties is the price in the notarial deed signed at the time when the ownership is transferred.

18.5.2.2. Treatment of VAT

VAT is included in the price of new residential properties.

18.5.2.3. Treatment of other taxes

Taxes other than VAT are not included in the price of residential properties.

18.5.2.4. Treatment of government subsidies

The HPI includes only transactions at market prices. Sales of social dwellings to sitting tenants (usually at a large discount) are excluded from the index compilation.

18.5.2.5. Treatment of land

The price of land is included in the House Price Index (in both weights and prices) and House Sales indicators.

18.5.2.6. Housing cooperatives

Housing cooperatives are not covered in the HPI. The Real Estate Price Register (RCN), which is the source of data for the HPI, is maintained by district authorities on the basis of the Geodetic and Cartographic Law. Notarial deeds of real estate sales are entered into the register if there has been a change of land ownership. In the Polish legal system, ownership of land is linked to ownership of what is on that land. In the case of cooperative residential premises, this right is limited, i.e. the land is owned by the Housing Cooperative. When a cooperative premises is sold, it means that the right to the land is not sold. For this reason, there is no change of land ownership, which means that such transactions are not recorded in the register.

18.5.2.7. Treatment of non-market transactions

Non-market transactions are excluded.

18.5.2.8. Treatment of multi-object transactions

Multi-object transactions are identified by the same transaction number. If multi-object transactions include both residential and commercial premises, only the prices of residential premises are taken into account in the calculations.

18.5.2.9. Treatment of fractional transactions

In order to avoid double counting some transactions, in which the spouses are the purchasing party, are excluded. It takes place when such transaction is registered as two separate sale transactions of the same real estate (two records in the database) and share ½ is assigned to each of them.

18.5.2.10. Outliers detection

Outlier detection is carried out for each stratum by using the algorithm based on interquartile range.

18.5.2.11. Treatment of incomplete data source coverage

Not applicable

18.6. Adjustment

No adjustments other than quality adjustment are applied to the HPI data.

None.

The House Price Index (HPI) measures the evolution of market prices of all residential properties that are purchased by households, independently of its previous owners or final use.

24 June 2026

The HPI measures the price evolution of dwellings purchased by households. Calculations of HPI for Poland are based on information on residential premises. It covers transactions made by household regardless of its final use. This index thus covers not only the transactions that are new to the household sector but also all that are traded between households. Index figures are based on market prices, non-market prices are excluded from the HPI. Data are compiled on the basis of full transaction prices (final market prices paid by households) which are collected through the use of an administrative data source. Transaction prices include the value of land. All transactions are included (both cash and mortgage). The HPI is a chain-linked Laspeyres-type price index.

A market transaction of a residential property purchased by a private household.

The target population is the set of all transactions of residential premises purchased by households.

HPI covers the whole territory of Poland.

The compiled quarterly indexes represent the whole calendar quarter.

The accuracy of the HPI depends on the quality of the data source used and the methodology applied. The accuracy of the HPI is considered to be sufficient. The main limitations are related to delays in recording data in the source register and the lack of information on the floor area of buildings in the case of houses.

Index figures with reference year 2015 are available, as well as quarterly and annual growth rates in percentage. Weights are given as parts in 1000.

 See below.

 See below.

Quarterly.

HPI is published quarterly about 95 days after the end of the reference period. The dates of HPI publication (Price indices of residential premises) are publicly available.

HPI indices for different geographical areas of Poland are comparable.

HPI indices are comparable over time.