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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Federal Statistical Office (FSO). |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | D32 Producer Prices, Foreign Trade Prices, Wholesale Prices |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Statistisches Bundesamt Gustav-Stresemann-Ring 11 65180 Wiesbaden, Germany |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 12/07/2022 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 13/06/2022 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 13/06/2022 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
European statistics on natural gas prices for household and final non-household customers. |
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3.2. Classification system | |||
Internal Eurostat classification system based on annual natural gas consumption bands and tax levels. |
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
Household sector and final non-household sector (industry, services, offices, agriculture, etc). |
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
The prices are collected in national currencies per GJ and according to different bands of consumption. For the households sector, these bands are:
For the final non-households sector, the bands are:
There exist 2 different levels of disagregation for semestrial and annual prices: 1- Semestrial prices: These prices are reported twice a year and are divided in 3 levels:
2- Annual prices: These prices are reported once a year together with the data for the second semester and are divided into the following components and taxes:
In addition to these elements, the network cost is split into the respective shares of transmission and distribution. The relative share of consumption in the different consumption bands is reported by the countries and used to calculated the single national natural gas prices (weighted averages for consumer bands IA-IF and DA-DE). |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
Household and final non-household consumers divided into consumption bands. |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
Household customers: Data coming from 230 suppliers out of appr. 900 and representing one sixth of the household customers. Number of customers is not requested in the questionnaire. Data represent 40% of natural gas consumption in private households. Final non-household customers: Data coming from 250 suppliers out of appr. 900 and representing 45% of final gas consumption of non-household customers. |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
Reference Area is the whole country. |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
Natural gas prices data for Germany are available since 1985. |
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3.9. Base period | |||
There is no Base period, because nominal prices are given. |
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Prices are reported in national currency per GJ. However, Eurostat also calculates and publishes the prices in EURO and PPS (purchasing power parity) and do the conversion to kWh. |
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For semestrial prices, the reference periods are from January to June for semester 1 and from July to December for semester 2. For annual prices, the reference period is the whole calendar year (from January to December). |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
At EU level:
At national level:
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
At EU level:
At national level:
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
At EU level:
At national level:
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
Published data should not allow identification of single consumers. If a consumption band represents the data of less than three suppliers, data are not disseminated. |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
A release calendar containing the precise release dates for the reference periods for the current year is published on the website of the FSO. |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
www.destatis.de > press > annual release calendar: |
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8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
Prices are simultaneously released to all parties. The data are available at the database “GENESIS-Online” for all users at the same time. Identification of internal government access to data before release in accordance with Principle 6.7 of the European Statistics Code of Practice: The Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy and the German Central Bank get internal access to data one day before press release. Data is transmitted to Eurostat one day before national dissemination. |
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Natural gas prices in Germany are published on a semestrial basis on Eurostat's website and the FSO website. |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
Press releases concerning energy prices are published by the FSO. https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Wirtschaft/Preise/Erdgas-Strom-DurchschnittsPreise/_inhalt.html |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
Selected prices are published online: https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Wirtschaft/Preise/Erdgas-Strom-DurchschnittsPreise/_inhalt.html |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
Prices are published at the time series database “GENESIS-Online” https://www-genesis.destatis.de/genesis/online?operation=sprachwechsel&language=en |
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10.3.1. Data tables - consultations | |||
Not available. |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Not available. |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
Not available. |
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10.5.1. Metadata - consultations | |||
Not available. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
Short methodological description are available on the FSO website: https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Wirtschaft/Preise/Erdgas-Strom-DurchschnittsPreise/_inhalt.html |
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10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate | |||
Not available. |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
Standardized quality reports are published on the website of the FSO: |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
The data of German official statistics enjoy a reputation of high reliability in Germany and abroad. The FSO has committed itself to assure and further enhance the level of quality already attained. In order to achieve this task – also in the ESS – the activities of the FSO are based on quality guidelines. To assure quality in the long term, the FSO applies a variety of systematic quality assurance measures, among others the European Statistics Code of Practice. Detailed descriptions can be found here: https://www.destatis.de/EN/Methods/Quality/_node.html |
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
The FSO checks price reports from reporting units in terms of the completeness of reports as well as the plausibility of data provided. Missing price reports are extrapolated with suitable methods |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Major users of energy prices are the European Commission (Eurostat) as well as the Federal Government, i.e. the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy, business associations and interest groupings of various industrial branches at the national level. |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
The FSO conducts user satisfaction surveys in various sectors of statistics. The Statistical Advisory Committee (Statistischer Beirat) represents the interests of the users of federal statistics and regularly consults with the FSO. Additionally, user satisfaction is measured by the number of monthly visits on specialized publications on the website of the FSO, quarterly downloads from the on-line database “GENESIS” and the number of external queries via the costumer management system. |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
The dataset complies with the current regulation. |
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12.3.1. Data completeness - rate | |||
100% |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
First releases are highly reliable. Results are normally final for the respective reference period with the first release. There are various causes of errors, which are described in the following points. |
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13.2. Sampling error | |||
A random sample is used for the selection of of reporting units. The sample selection and sample size attempts to minimize the sampling error. |
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13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators | |||
Depending on the consumption band the standard error is between 1 % und 4 %. |
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
Response of the surveyed units is obligatory. Otherwise, fines can be imposed up to EUR 5,000. Unit non-response: In the case of non-response (e.g. because of shut-down or restructuring of the enterprise) the prices are extrapolated with suitable updating indicators if possible. Item non-response: This type of error especially includes incorrect or inaccurate data of the responding enterprises as well as non-response. Incorrect or inaccurate data are corrected by data editing and by direct queries with the enterprises in the current reference period. |
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13.3.1. Coverage error | |||
The sampling method is intended to minimize the error. |
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13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate | |||
Over-coverage in the sample can be excluded |
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13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion | |||
100% of the data is covered by the survey. |
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13.3.2. Measurement error | |||
Estimates of the measurement error are not available. |
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13.3.3. Non response error | |||
Response of the surveyed units is obligatory. Otherwise, fines can be imposed up to EUR 5,000. Unit non-response: In the case of non-response (e.g. because of shut-down or restructuring of the enterprise) the prices are extrapolated with suitable updating indicators if possible. |
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13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate | |||
Unit non-response rate is approxametly 10%. |
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13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate | |||
This type of error especially includes incorrect or inaccurate data of the responding enterprises as well as non-response. Incorrect or inaccurate data are corrected by data editing and by direct queries with the enterprises in the current reference period. After inquiring the rate is below 1%. |
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13.3.4. Processing error | |||
Electricity Suppliers are questioned with an online questionnaire, the data is sent directly to the reprocessing program. Therefore, processing errors should be very rare. |
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13.3.5. Model assumption error | |||
Not Applicable. |
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
Natural gas providers that participate in the national data collection are requested to provide the natural gas price data within 8 weeks after the reference period. After arrival, the statistical office checks the micro-data for correctness, consistency and completeness and national averages are calculated and reported to Eurostat during the third month after the reference period. |
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14.1.1. Time lag - first result | |||
The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2019 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2019 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2020 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2020 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2021 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2021 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2019 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2019 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2020 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2020 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2021 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2021 was sent 90 days after the reference period. |
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14.1.2. Time lag - final result | |||
Revison of the second semester data of 2019 was send 127 days after the reference period. |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
The legal deadline for submitting the questionnaires is the third month after the reference period. |
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14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication | |||
All datasets have been submitted on time. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
Energy tax on natural gas in Germany is in parts a recoverable tax for non-household customers. So, a comparison with countries where only VAT is recoverable can be misleading. Because of recoverable taxes for non-household costumers in Germany a cross country comparability is only possible with difficulties. |
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15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient | |||
Not applicable. |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||
The data is comparable since 2020. |
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15.2.1. Length of comparable time series | |||
The data is comparable since 2020. |
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||
Not applicable. |
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15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics | |||
Not applicable. |
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15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts | |||
Not applicable. |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||
Annual prices are coherent with the semestrial prices. |
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In the NSO 2 persons work on methodical preparation, conducting the survey, processing, calculation, evaluation and publication. |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
There are no regular data revisions, because the results are covered 100% by the survey. revisions are only made, if obvious implausibilities become obvious after data disemmination. |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
Data Revision took place for the second semster 2019 data because of the beginning covid 19 pandemic in spring 2020 and the higher non response rate of reporting units because of lockdowns. |
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17.2.1. Data revision - average size | |||
Data of the second semester 2019 was revised because of the beginning covid 19 pandemic, the average size of revison was strongly depending on the consumption band and was between 10-50% of the first results. Households gas prices collection: 0.094859918 Non-households gas prices collection: 0.219830954 |
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18.1. Source data | |||
Natural gas suppliers and network operators in Germany, financial authority and regulatory authority.. |
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Twice per year consistent with requirements of Eurostat. |
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18.3. Data collection | |||
Specific web-based questionnaires for statistics of energy prices are used. They include a data checking process during the input process. Reporting via electronic media (internet) is obligatory. Missing responses are requested by telephone, postal or e-mail reminders. |
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18.4. Data validation | |||
Survey results are checked for plausibility concerning general development of wholesale prices for natural gas, grid fees and levies and taxes. |
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18.5. Data compilation | |||
Weighting is done due to amount of gas supplied. This is done separately for all consumption bands. |
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18.5.1. Imputation - rate | |||
1% |
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18.6. Adjustment | |||
Not applicable. |
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18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment | |||
Not applicable. |
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