Hungarian Energy and Public Utility Regulatory Authority

Department of Statistics

gerencsera@mekh.hu

Physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) is one module of the European environmental-economic accounts - Regulation (EU) 691/2011 Annex VI. PEFA record the flows of energy (in terajoules) from the environment to the economy (natural inputs), within the economy (products), and from the economy back to the environment (residuals), using the accounting framework of physical supply and use tables.
PEFA provide information on energy flows arranged in a way fully compatible with concepts, principles, and classifications of national accounts – thus enabling integrated analyses of environmental, energy and economic issues e.g. through environmental-economic modelling. PEFA complement the traditional energy statistics, balances and derived indicators which are the main reference data source for EU energy policies.
This national metadata refers to the PEFA questionnaire delivered to Eurostat: data on supply (table A), use (table B), transformation use (table B1), end use (table B2) and emission-relevant use (table C), key indicators of physical energy flow accounts by NACE Rev. 2 activity (table D), and physical energy flow accounts totals bridging to energy balances totals (table E).
The PEFA questionnaire is available on Eurostat's website:https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/environment/methodology

Physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) datasets have the following dimensions:

Supply and use tables (STK_FLOW): the elements of this dimension are the five tables detailing energy supply (questionnaire table A) and use; the total energy use (table B) is the sum of transformation use (table B1) and end use (table B2), and a certain part of it is emission relevant (table C).

Energy product (PROD_NRG): (not relevant for questionnaire table D and E) The flows of energy recorded in PEFA are broadly grouped into natural energy inputs (flows from environment to economy), energy products (flows within economy), and energy residuals (flows from economy to environment mainly). Each of these generic groups is further broken down. In total this dimension distinguishes 31 items which are regulated in Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/172.
Classification of economic activities - NACE Rev.2 (NACE_R2): (not relevant for questionnaire table E) The supply and use of energy flows is broken down by NACE classification of economic activities. The aggregation level used is A*64 (i.e. 64 branches), fully compatible with ESA supply and use tables. Furthermore, this dimension includes private households, accumulation (e.g. product inventories), the rest of the world economy for imports and exports, and the environment.
Indicators (INDIC_PEFA): (only relevant for questionnaire tables D and E): Various key indicators that can be derived from the physical supply and use tables and so-called 'bridging-items' which present the various elements explaining the differences between the national totals as reported by PEFA vis-a-vis the national totals as reported by Eurostat's energy balances.
Geopolitical entity (GEO): EU Member States, EFTA countries, candidate countries, and potential candidates.
Period of time (TIME): Energy flow data are annual.
Unit (UNIT): Energy flows are reported in Terajoules.

The data set covers the entire national economy as defined in national accounts (ESA 2010, paragraph 2.04), as well as its physical relation to economies in the rest of the world and the environment.

Physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) are conceptually rooted in the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) which is an international statistical standard. The SEEA central framework provides standard concepts, definitions, classifications, accounting rules and tables for the provision of statistics on the environment and its relationship with the economy.PEFA constitute satellite accounts to the National Accounts (NA). Hence, the statistical concepts and definitions of PEFA are derived from those of NA.As far as applicable PEFA is also compliant with the statistical concepts and definitions internationally established for energy statistics: the International Recommendations for Energy Statistics (IRES).Three concepts are essential to PEFA:1) The concept of three generic types of energy flows as established in SEEA, namely:a) natural energy inputs: flows from the natural environment into the economy such as fossil energy carriers in solid, liquid and gaseous form, biomass, solar radiation, kinetic energy in form of hydro and wind, geothermal heat etc.;b) energy products: output flows from production processes as defined in national accounts (ESA); typically products produced by extractive industries, refineries, power plants etc.;c) energy residuals: mainly energy in form of dissipative heat arising from the end use of energy products, flowing from the economy into the natural environment.2) The accounting framework of (physical) supply and use tables as established in NA and SEEA;3) The residence principle as established in NA and SEEA, i.e. PEFA records energy flows related to resident unit's activities, regardless where those occur geographically.

Data refer to activities of resident economic units in the sense of SEEA CF 2012 and national accounts (ESA), including households.

The national economy is as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and national accounts (ESA); i.e. all economic activities undertaken by resident units (see ESA 2010, paragraph 2.04). A unit is said to be a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (1 year or more) in economic activities in that territory.

The national territory adjusted for the residence principle

2014-

Not applicable.

The unit of measure is terajoule (TJ).

The data refer to the calendar year.

PEFA are legally covered by Regulation (EC) No. 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts as amended by Regulation (EU) No. 538/2014. EEEA currently include six modules (air emissions accounts, environmentally related taxes by economic activity, economy-wide material flow accounts, environmental protection expenditure accounts, environmental goods and services sector accounts, and physical energy flow accounts).

Not applicable.

General data confidentiality rules are applied. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics (recitals 23-27, 31-32 and Articles 20-26) applies.

Confidential data are not shown. The most common approach is to present only aggregation of the confidential data point with the non-confidential data that is the nearest suitable data point.

https://www.ksh.hu/katalogus/#/en

https://www.ksh.hu/katalogus/#/en

https://www.ksh.hu/docs/bemutatkozas/eng/dissemination-and-communication-policy-2023.pdf

Annual

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

https://statinfo.ksh.hu/Statinfo/themeSelector.jsp?&lang=en

Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT.

Not applicable.

Data are regularly transmitted to and disseminated by Eurostat.

Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT.

https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/environment/methodology#Energy%20accounts

Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT.

Not available.

Not available.

Not available.

Not available.

Not available.

All obligatory fields are provided according to the legislation in force.

Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT.

We used PEFA builder with official energy statistics, which ensures the high level of accuracy.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Not applicable to statistical accounts.

Within t+24 months

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT.

Data on PEFA are compiled according to international guidelines and as such comparable. Application of the PEFA Builder tool ensures comparability to a certain extent.

Not applicable.

Please see the table in 15.2.1.1.

Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT.

No major breaks.

Energy Statistics NACE breakdown is produced based on the reports of energy users classified by the General Business Register of Hungarian Central Statistical Office, which ensures high coherence with SUT. We checked PEFA results in collaboration with AEA compilers.

Not applicable; reported PEFA data are only annual.

Energy statistics is using the General Business Register maintained by Hungarian Central Statistical Office as a sampling frame and also for determining the NACE activity of the enterprises, which ensures good consistency with National Accounts.

Yes, we checked PEFA results in collaboration with AEA compilers.

Yes, we cooperate with AEA compilers in the residence adjustments for major modes of transport.

Imports and exports according to the SEEA-CF concepts are not used in reporting PEFA.

Yes, we use the OECD data for cross-domain plausibility checks regarding air transport.

Yes, we use annual energy statistics as data source, thus the correlation between them is ensured.

No cross-domain plausibility checks are performed between PEFA and EW-MFA.

Eurostat's PEFA builder and the validation procedures should ensure full internal consistency, at least for the mandatory data points.

10 working days (full-time equivalents) are used for the compilation of PEFA.

Planned revisions are performed in every annual cycle.

Planned revisions are performed in every annual cycle.

Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT.

Data sources used to produce physical energy flow accounts are described in the following sub-concepts.

We use the defaults of PEFA-Builder.

The main data sources are annual energy questionnaires.

The main data sources are annual energy questionnaires.

Within the framework of energy statistics, we are running annual sample surveys for energy use stratified by NACE groups asking also fuel use for final consumption. Households end-use breakdown data are estimated.

Within the framework of energy statistics, we are running annual sample surveys for energy use stratified by NACE groups asking also fuel use for final consumption. Households end-use breakdown data are estimated.

Yes, to populate PEFA Tables.

Adjustmets are made based on AEA bridge items.

 Annual

Within the framework of energy statistics, we are running monthly and annual surveys for energy suppliers (production, trade, stockpiling, etc.) and also administrative data are used. For energy use, annual sample surveys are conducted stratified by NACE groups asking also fuel use for final consumption.

Checking consistency between annual energy questionnaires
Checking consistency between AEA.
Checking consistency between OECD air transport data.

See below for details.

Not applicable.

No autoproducer adjustments were made.

Within the framework of energy statistics, we are running annual sample surveys for energy use stratified by NACE groups asking also fuel use for transport. Households data are estimated.

Within the framework of energy statistics, we are running annual sample surveys for energy use stratified by NACE groups and asking full scope of energy products.

PEFA and AEA are compiled separately, but the results are compared to a certain extent.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.