Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
Department of agriculture and environment statistics
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
corina.dumitrascu@insse.ro
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
31 October 2024
2.2. Metadata last posted
16 April 2024
2.3. Metadata last update
16 April 2024
3.1. Data description
The environmental goods and services sector (EGSS) accounts report on an economic sector that generates goods and services produced for environmental protection or the management of natural resources.
Products for environmental protection prevent, reduce and eliminate pollution or any other degradation of the environment. Examples are electric vehicles, catalysts and filters to decrease pollutant emissions, wastewater and waste treatment services, noise insulation works or restoration of degraded habitats.
Products for resource management safeguard the stock of natural resources against depletion. Examples are renewable energy production, energy-efficient and passive buildings, seawater desalinization or rainwater recovery, and materials recovery.
EGSS accounts provide data on output and export of environmental goods and services and on the value added of and employment in the environmental goods and services sector.
EGSS data are compiled following the statistical concepts and definitions set out in the UN System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012 – Central Framework.
3.2. Classification system
Data are reported cross-classified by
the type of environmental purpose and
economic activity.
The environmental activities are classified by purpose according to the classification of environmental purposes (CEP). Economic activity is classified according to the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community, Rev. 2 (2008).
3.3. Coverage - sector
EGSS comprises a sector of the economy that produces goods and services aimed at environmental protection and resource management (see SEEA CF 2012 chapter 4). Environmental goods and services either reduce environmental pressures or help maintaining the stock of natural resources or they are designed to be cleaner and more resource efficient than conventional products. Environmental goods and services can be produced by corporations, households, governments and non-profit institutions. The list of environmental activities and products has been set out in the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/2174 ('the indicative compendium of environmental goods and services').
CCM investments comprise a sub-sector of the EGSS as well as activities and products beyond the scope of the CEP.
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
Environmental Goods and Service Sector:
EGSS has the same system boundaries as the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010) and consists of all environmental products within this production boundary. ESA defines production as the activity carried out under the control and responsibility of an institutional unit that uses input of labour, capital, goods and services to produce output of goods and services.
Only goods and services produced for environmental purposes are included in the scope of the environmental goods and services sector.
'Environmental purpose' means that a good or service helps either 1) preventing, reducing and eliminating pollution and any other degradation of the environment or 2) preserving and maintaining the stock of natural resources and hence safeguarding against depletion.
The EGSS statistics aim at compiling data for the following economic variables:
Output: consists of products that become available for use outside of the producer unit, any goods and services produced for own final use and goods that remain in the inventories at the end of the period in which they are produced. Apart from market output, output for own final use and non-market output, EGSS statistics also include ancillary output, comprising output intended for use within an enterprise.
Market output is to be valued at basic prices, that is, the prices receivable by the producer from the purchaser minus taxes and plus subsidies on products. Output for own final use is to be valued at basic prices of similar products sold on the market or by the total costs of production. Non-market output is to be estimated by the total costs of production. Ancillary output is measured as a total of recurrent production costs (such as intermediate consumption, compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital) incurred by enterprises to: 1) reduce environmental pressures arising from their production process or 2) produce environmental goods or services not intended for use outside the enterprise, but instead supporting other (non-environmental) activities undertaken within the enterprise (e.g. waste management services carried out in-house). For market producers, a mark-up for net operating surplus is added to the value of the EGSS ancillary output. Gross Value Added: represents the contribution made by the production of environmental goods and services to GDP. It is the difference between the value of the output and intermediate consumption.
Employment: is measured in full-time equivalent jobs engaged in the production of output of environmental goods and services. Full-time equivalent is defined as total hours worked divided by the average annual working hours in a full-time job.
Exports: consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants, of environmental goods and services from residents to non-residents.
Investments for climate change mitigation:
The reporting covers the capital expenditure to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) by source or enhance their removal from the atmosphere by sinks.
Capital expenditure includes:
For activities and products covered by the CEP:
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF – ESA 2010 code: P51g) for climate change mitigation related characteristic activities (i.e. GFCF for the production of specific services related to climate change mitigation)
GFCF in specific and cleaner and resource efficient goods related to climate change mitigation, unless they are already included in GFCF by CCM (characteristic) activities
and final consumption (ESA 2010 code: P3) in specific and cleaner and resource efficient goods related to climate change mitigation.
For activities and products relevant for CCM but outside the scope of CEP:
GFCF for the production of nuclear energy and for R&D related to nuclear energy
GFCF for the transmission and distribution of energy, in particular electricity
GFCF for the production of low carbon transport activities
GFCF in transport infrastructure for low carbon transport activities.
Where:
GFCF for climate change mitigation characteristic activities is broken down by corporations, government and households together with non-profit institutions serving households (NPISH)
GFCF for specific and cleaner and resource efficient goods, mitigating climate change, is broken down by corporations, government and households together with NPISH
Final consumption of specific and cleaner and resource efficient goods, mitigating climate change, is broken down by government and households together with NPISH.
3.5. Statistical unit
Council Regulation (EEC) No 696/93 of 15 March 1993 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of the production system in the Community describes the different statistical units of the production system.
The recommended statistical unit for the data collection and compilation of private corporations is the establishment. For general government, households and NPISH, the recommendation is to use institutional units and groupings of units as defined in the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010).
3.6. Statistical population
The statistical population is the national economy as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). It includes all economic activities undertaken by resident units.
3.7. Reference area
Romania
3.8. Coverage - Time
2015-2023
3.9. Base period
Not requested for this metadata collection.
Output, gross value added, exports and CCM investments are measured in million units of national currency. Employment is measured in full time equivalents (i.e., full time equivalent jobs).
The reference period for EGSS data is the calendar year.
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
EGSS accounts are compiled and reported in accordance with Regulation (EU) No. 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts (EEEA).
The EEEA follow internationally agreed concepts and definitions set out in the SEEA Central Framework (2012), the international statistical standard adopted by the UN Statistical Commission. They present data in a way that is compatible with National Accounts (ESA, 2010).
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
Not applicable in national level this information is required at European level only
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
LAW 226/2009 on the organisation and functioning of official statistics in Romania updated with subsequent amendments;
REGULATION (EC) No 223/2009 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 March 2009 on European statistics and repealing Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1101/2008 of the EuropeanParliament and of the Council on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities, Council Regulation (EC) No 322/97 on Community Statistics, and Council Decision 89/382/EEC, Euratom establishing a Committee on the StatisticalProgrammes of the European Communities;
Council Regulation (EEC) No 3924/91 of 19 December 1991 on the establishment of a Community survey of industrial production
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
The confidential data are marked with the footnote c), following the instructions of the footnotes in the questionnaire.
8.1. Release calendar
National release calendar for EGSS data: 23 March 2026 TEMPO (NIS online database), 22 December 2025 annual publication on environmental economic accounts.
The data are available in the publication Environmental economic accounts and in the online TEMPO database.
National release calendar for EGSS data: 25 March 2026 TEMPO (NIS online database), 22 December 2025 annual publication on environmental economic accounts.
To ensure the quality of data EGSS, we validate data throught double check with data providers and assurance of fully correlation with data sources.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
There is a continuous quality improvement process of EGSS due to analyzes and decisions have made following annual discussions with data providers and suggestions of the Eurostat.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
Ministry of Environmental, Waters and Forests is the main user. The most required variables by users are output and employment.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
NA
12.3. Completeness
The output, export, GVA and employment sheets: almost 100% for entire period transmitted for A-F, H, M and O NACE Rev.2.
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
All our data are already checked for accuracy. We ensured a high level of accuracy for the data reported through reassessment of data sources, performed by analysis and study of relevant methodological documents required in elaborating the EGSS and evaluation of the EP field in Romania. We analyzed the linkage between the Romanian NA system and the environmental accounts, according to the indicators requested by Eurostat (output, GVA, export and own final use). We carried out a comparative analysis between data collected from the three available data sources (NA, EPE survey and EPEA), we identified and we analyzed the differences.
We identified those variables, which cannot be collected from any of the three data sources used and we identified the estimation methods, based on data mention above, that ensuring a high level of accuracy for estimated data.
We analyzed the data sources and their quality, studying the data collection methods in order to harmonize the informations.
The cooperation with the NA, EPE and EPEA experts brought significant benefits.
13.2. Sampling error
EGSS accounts are compiled using a range of primary statistical sources. The sampling and non-sampling errors are described in the metadata of the underlying statistical data.
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3. Non-sampling error
EGSS accounts are compiled using a range of primary statistical sources. The sampling and non-sampling errors are described in the metadata of the underlying statistical data.
13.3.1. Coverage error
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.2. Measurement error
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.3. Non response error
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.4. Processing error
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.5. Model assumption error
Not requested for this metadata collection.
14.1. Timeliness
Romania transmits the data to Eurostat every year in October covering the years 2015 - n-2 (n = current year).
The average production time for data is 12 months.
14.1.1. Time lag - first result
Not applicable
14.1.2. Time lag - final result
Not applicable
14.2. Punctuality
The data were delivered to Eurostat on 31 Ocotber 2023. The reporting deadline for EGSS to Eurostat is 31 October.
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication
No lag between the actual delivery of the data and the target date when it should have been delivery
15.1. Comparability - geographical
Data on EGSS are compiled according to harmonised guidelines provided by Eurostat and hence comparable across European countries reporting EGSS data to Eurostat.
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient
The products CPA 8129, 85, 94 and 9104 are not including in national list because we do not have data for calculate the indicators.
15.1.3. Comparability - geographical - products not present in Indicative compendium - included
The ancillary output and production of mixture of slag or similar industrial waste with gravel, pebbles, bolivares for use in construction (including slag macadam)
15.2. Comparability - over time
The data are comparable between 2015-2023
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series
EGSS: We used the same data source for variables: GVA and export, and part of employment.
15.2.2. Comparability - over time detailed
In 2016, the EPE survey questionnaires was redesigned and it was introduced one chapter concerning the employees in EP activities. The expert on EPE survey asked the total number of employees and the number of employees in EP (except the specialized producers, in which case all employees work in EP domain). For estimating of FTE, he asked the number of employees with full-time and partial time (reduced norm, less than 8 hours/day). We assumed two employees with partial time to be like one employee with full-time. Started with year 2017 we compilated data for output, GVA, employments and export for NACE Rev. 2 calsses 7112, 7490 and 72, havind data source EPE Survey.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
We ensure coherence of EGSS results with EPEA because EPEA use the same data sources, and we used EPEA data for calculate ancillary output
We compare the EGSS results with NA because is the main data source for EGSS.
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics
Not applicable; reported EGSS data are only annual.
We ensure coherence of EGSS results with EPEA because EPEA use the same data sources, and we used EPEA data for calculate ancillary output.
15.3.4. Coherence - other statistics
None
15.4. Coherence - internal
We compare the EGSS results with NA because is the main data source for EGSS.
1.3 full-time equivalents work on the production of the EGSS accounts.
16.1. Cost and Burden - other accounts
1.3 full-time equivalents work on the production of the EGSS accounts.
17.1. Data revision - policy
NIS has a revision policy which defines the standard rules and the principles for statistical data revision.
17.2. Data revision - practice
Due the revision of GVA agriculture accounts
Output, GVA, employments and export, following the introduction of new PRODROM codes, due to the compendium list for 2015-2022 period
17.2.1. Data revision - average size
GVA for NACE Rev. 2 01-02 for the year 2022 due the revision of agriculture accounts
Output, GVA, employments and export NACE C for 2015-2022 period
17.2.2. Status of data
The submitted data are considered as final
18.1. Source data
PRODROM: (Industrial Products and Services) database was use for obtain data on the environmental output for environmental products; also, classification PRODROM covers NACE Rev.2 classes 35.1, 35.2, and 35.3, data on renewable energy. In addition, PRODROM data are used to estimate the investment for production of biofuels, and for calculate electric and more resource-efficient transport equipment. Environmental Protection Expenditure Survey (EPE) - For calculate the end-of-pipe technologies investments and investments in integrated technologies for NACE Rev.2 26, 27, 28, 29+30, 41-43. In addition, we use data from EPE survey for calculate output of environmental protection services for NACE Rev2: 31-33, 35, 37-39, 41-43 and starting with 2017 (and for 2020 provisional data) for NACE Rev.2 7112, 72 and 7490. Also, we use data from EPE Survey for output services of energetic refurbishment and construction of new energy-efficient buildings EPEA: are used for calculate output of environmental services for NACE Rev. 2 36. In addition, ancillary output EGSS was calculate based on EPEA ancillary output and National Accounts data according to EGSS Practical Guide formula. National Accounts. We use National Accounts data on General Government Expenditure by function (COFOG) - Table 11 ESA 2010, for the period 2014-2019 (and for 2020 provisional data). The Supply-Use Balance provides the Final consumption of EP. The breakdown of total Final consumption of EP services by all CEP domains was made according to the share of each CEP domain in the total current internal expenditure. In addition, we used NA data for calculate GVA and Export for EGSS. Forestry Accounts: for calculate output and employment of management of forest area (CEP 0503) Agriculture Statistics: for calculate output, employment and GVA for organic farming (CEP 0501) Labor force statistics: to calculate employment for EGSS. Structural Busines Survey: for calculate intermediate consumption for specialized producers
18.1.1. Source data - detailed - environmental accounts
EGSS: Supply-use tables in current prices (including production account and generation of income account) by NACE Rev.2 divisions, according to ESA 2010. Production account and generation of income account by classes NACE Rev. 2 and by institutional sectors, according ESA 2010. Based on national accounts data, we estimate net operating surplus for specialized producers NACE Rev. 2: 37, 38, 39, 7112 and 7490.
For calculate ancillary output for NACE Rev.2. 01-03, 05-08, 10-33, 35, 36, 41-43, 49-53.
18.1.2. Source data - detailed - other statistics
EGSS: Based on the SBS data we estimated the data on the homogeneous branch to comply with the ESA 2010 principles.
EPEA - for calculate ancillary output for NACE Rev.2. 01-03, 05-08, 10-33, 35, 36, 41-43, 49-53.
EPEA - for calculate output for NACE Rev.2 84 Forestry Accounts data for calculate output and employment of management of forest area (CEP0503)
Agriculture Statistics data for calculate Output, GVA and Employment for organic farming (CEP0501). Labor force statistics to calculate employment for EGSS
18.1.3. Source data - survey
EGSS: Not applicable
18.1.4. Source data - detailed - other macro economic data (trade, VAT etc.)
EGSS: Not applicable
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Annual
18.3. Data collection
We collected data from inside of organization
18.4. Data validation
We ensure the proper quality of data source by checking them with the previous years data
18.5. Data compilation
We considered the share of environmental products/activities taking into account the life cycle of the product analyzing as cradle to grave approach:
the row material of product.
the scope of product.
possibility of waste recycling/recovery after the product is out of use.
18.5.1. Imputation - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
18.5.2. Data compilation - by variable and type of output
Output:
The main source for compilation of output is PRODROM, which provides “Total Production” - the volume of all production by product, the value and volume of the production sold. Using both, production measures volume and value by product (code with 9 digits) we obtain a basic price. Therefore, we apply this price to total production volume correspondence with each product in order to compute the production value (output) at basic price. For specialized producers - Output for specialized producers (NACE Rev. 2 37, 38, 39, 7112 and 7490) is valued at the total costs of production, i.e. the sum of intermediate consumption, compensation of employees, consumption of fixed capital, net operating surplus and other taxes on production less other subsidies on production. For Central and Local public administration - EPEA provide us total output data. EPE survey was data source for compilation of EPEA market output (indicators named Own revenues of public institutions for Central public administration and Revenues from EP services provided to third parties for Local public administration) and Intermediate consumption: of which EP services (indicators named EP services purchased for Central public administration and Current external expenditure for Local public administration). For those environmental domains (CEPA 2000) which does not have correspondence in division 05 of COFOG (GF 05 ‒ EP), respectively GF 05.3 (sum CEPA 1+4+5+7), we established the estimating procedure for 2015. For agriculture, the output was calculated based on the specific statistics, using NIS’s agricultural statistics to calculate the share of land used for organic farming in total utilized agricultural area, which considered splitting agricultural output into output from organic farming and from conventional farming. For output for CEP 0503 (management of forest resources), we used Forestry Accounts data.
For cleaner and resource efficient products and other (connected) products, we calculate output based on PRODROM data. Based on EPE survey data we calculate environmental specific services for specialized producers and for NACE Rev.2 35, 31-33, 41-43, 71 and 74.
Following the discussion with the NA experts and the analysis of the supply-use tables, we identified the method of estimating non-market output for specialized producers (NACE Rev. 2 E 37, 38, 39, 7112, 7490). For this, we used data from supply-use tables (P.11 market output, P.13 non-market output) and data from EPE survey linked with market output. To obtain data for market and non-market output for specialized producers: NACE Rev. 2 - 37, 38, 39, 7112, 7490 we also use data from EPE Survey. For this reason, we preferred to calculate using EPE survey data, instead of make the shares from total output from EPEA. "EP output" for specialized producers (NACE Rev. 2 37, 38, 39, 7112, 7490) is valued at the total costs of production, i.e. the sum of intermediate consumption, compensation of employees, consumption of fixed capital, net operating surplus and other taxes on production less other subsidies on production. The total "market output" for specialized producers was estimated: in a first stage we calculated "EP output" (see above); after this, we calculated the share of "market output" (P.11) in "total output" (P.1 production of goods and services) from NA. This share was applied at the "EP output". The difference of "EP output" and "Market output" represents "Non-market output".
Ancillary output EGSS was calculated based on EPEA data and National Accounts data, according to EGSS Practical Guide 2016 (p.68). For computing ancillary output, we estimated consumption of fixed capital ‒ NA_P51C and net operating surplus and mixed income ‒NA_B2A3N for EP based on NA data and we used share of intermediate consumption from EPE survey in intermediate consumption from NA. Output produced for own final use consist of goods or services that are retained either for own final consumption or for capital formation by the same institutional unit. Starting with data provided by supply use tables from NA we used the share of own final use in market output from NA for estimation of the EGSS own final use.
GVA: For organic farming (CEP 0501) NACE Rev.2 01we use data from agriculture statistics and for management forest resources ( CEP 0503) NACE Rev.2 02. we use data from Forestry Accounts; for the rest of industries and environmental activities we calculate the ratio between NA_GVA and EGSS_Output, according to Practical Guide (2016)
Export: we calculate export for EGSS using the supply and use tables from NA, according to EGSS Practical Guide 2016 (p.72)
Starting with 2016, for employments for NACE Rev.2: 37, 38, 39, 41-43, 31-33, we use EPE survey data. For the rest of industries and environmental activities we estimate employments using national accounts information on the ratios between compensation of employees and output and labor compensation rates per FTE, according with EGSS Practical Guide (pg. 75).
18.5.3. Data compilation - by NACE
We report the breakdown by NACE based on the classification of the producer of EGSS goods and activities.
18.5.4. Data compilation – CReMA 13B memo item
We compile data for energy efficiency related measures for construction of nearly zero energy buildings using EPE Survey data sources, breakdown by classes, respectively NACE Rev. 2. 1623, 4120, 4321, 4322, 4331, 4332, 4333, 4391 classes, and we allocated to CEP 0202. Manufacture of other builders carpintery and joinery; construction on residential and non-residential buildings; electrical installation; plumbing, heat and air-conditioning installation; other construction installation; buildings completion and finishing; other specialized construction activities.
18.6. Adjustment
Not applicable.
18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment
Not requested for this metadata collection.
No comments.
The environmental goods and services sector (EGSS) accounts report on an economic sector that generates goods and services produced for environmental protection or the management of natural resources.
Products for environmental protection prevent, reduce and eliminate pollution or any other degradation of the environment. Examples are electric vehicles, catalysts and filters to decrease pollutant emissions, wastewater and waste treatment services, noise insulation works or restoration of degraded habitats.
Products for resource management safeguard the stock of natural resources against depletion. Examples are renewable energy production, energy-efficient and passive buildings, seawater desalinization or rainwater recovery, and materials recovery.
EGSS accounts provide data on output and export of environmental goods and services and on the value added of and employment in the environmental goods and services sector.
EGSS data are compiled following the statistical concepts and definitions set out in the UN System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012 – Central Framework.
16 April 2024
Environmental Goods and Service Sector:
EGSS has the same system boundaries as the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010) and consists of all environmental products within this production boundary. ESA defines production as the activity carried out under the control and responsibility of an institutional unit that uses input of labour, capital, goods and services to produce output of goods and services.
Only goods and services produced for environmental purposes are included in the scope of the environmental goods and services sector.
'Environmental purpose' means that a good or service helps either 1) preventing, reducing and eliminating pollution and any other degradation of the environment or 2) preserving and maintaining the stock of natural resources and hence safeguarding against depletion.
The EGSS statistics aim at compiling data for the following economic variables:
Output: consists of products that become available for use outside of the producer unit, any goods and services produced for own final use and goods that remain in the inventories at the end of the period in which they are produced. Apart from market output, output for own final use and non-market output, EGSS statistics also include ancillary output, comprising output intended for use within an enterprise.
Market output is to be valued at basic prices, that is, the prices receivable by the producer from the purchaser minus taxes and plus subsidies on products. Output for own final use is to be valued at basic prices of similar products sold on the market or by the total costs of production. Non-market output is to be estimated by the total costs of production. Ancillary output is measured as a total of recurrent production costs (such as intermediate consumption, compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital) incurred by enterprises to: 1) reduce environmental pressures arising from their production process or 2) produce environmental goods or services not intended for use outside the enterprise, but instead supporting other (non-environmental) activities undertaken within the enterprise (e.g. waste management services carried out in-house). For market producers, a mark-up for net operating surplus is added to the value of the EGSS ancillary output. Gross Value Added: represents the contribution made by the production of environmental goods and services to GDP. It is the difference between the value of the output and intermediate consumption.
Employment: is measured in full-time equivalent jobs engaged in the production of output of environmental goods and services. Full-time equivalent is defined as total hours worked divided by the average annual working hours in a full-time job.
Exports: consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants, of environmental goods and services from residents to non-residents.
Investments for climate change mitigation:
The reporting covers the capital expenditure to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) by source or enhance their removal from the atmosphere by sinks.
Capital expenditure includes:
For activities and products covered by the CEP:
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF – ESA 2010 code: P51g) for climate change mitigation related characteristic activities (i.e. GFCF for the production of specific services related to climate change mitigation)
GFCF in specific and cleaner and resource efficient goods related to climate change mitigation, unless they are already included in GFCF by CCM (characteristic) activities
and final consumption (ESA 2010 code: P3) in specific and cleaner and resource efficient goods related to climate change mitigation.
For activities and products relevant for CCM but outside the scope of CEP:
GFCF for the production of nuclear energy and for R&D related to nuclear energy
GFCF for the transmission and distribution of energy, in particular electricity
GFCF for the production of low carbon transport activities
GFCF in transport infrastructure for low carbon transport activities.
Where:
GFCF for climate change mitigation characteristic activities is broken down by corporations, government and households together with non-profit institutions serving households (NPISH)
GFCF for specific and cleaner and resource efficient goods, mitigating climate change, is broken down by corporations, government and households together with NPISH
Final consumption of specific and cleaner and resource efficient goods, mitigating climate change, is broken down by government and households together with NPISH.
Council Regulation (EEC) No 696/93 of 15 March 1993 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of the production system in the Community describes the different statistical units of the production system.
The recommended statistical unit for the data collection and compilation of private corporations is the establishment. For general government, households and NPISH, the recommendation is to use institutional units and groupings of units as defined in the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010).
The statistical population is the national economy as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). It includes all economic activities undertaken by resident units.
Romania
The reference period for EGSS data is the calendar year.
All our data are already checked for accuracy. We ensured a high level of accuracy for the data reported through reassessment of data sources, performed by analysis and study of relevant methodological documents required in elaborating the EGSS and evaluation of the EP field in Romania. We analyzed the linkage between the Romanian NA system and the environmental accounts, according to the indicators requested by Eurostat (output, GVA, export and own final use). We carried out a comparative analysis between data collected from the three available data sources (NA, EPE survey and EPEA), we identified and we analyzed the differences.
We identified those variables, which cannot be collected from any of the three data sources used and we identified the estimation methods, based on data mention above, that ensuring a high level of accuracy for estimated data.
We analyzed the data sources and their quality, studying the data collection methods in order to harmonize the informations.
The cooperation with the NA, EPE and EPEA experts brought significant benefits.
Output, gross value added, exports and CCM investments are measured in million units of national currency. Employment is measured in full time equivalents (i.e., full time equivalent jobs).
We considered the share of environmental products/activities taking into account the life cycle of the product analyzing as cradle to grave approach:
the row material of product.
the scope of product.
possibility of waste recycling/recovery after the product is out of use.
PRODROM: (Industrial Products and Services) database was use for obtain data on the environmental output for environmental products; also, classification PRODROM covers NACE Rev.2 classes 35.1, 35.2, and 35.3, data on renewable energy. In addition, PRODROM data are used to estimate the investment for production of biofuels, and for calculate electric and more resource-efficient transport equipment. Environmental Protection Expenditure Survey (EPE) - For calculate the end-of-pipe technologies investments and investments in integrated technologies for NACE Rev.2 26, 27, 28, 29+30, 41-43. In addition, we use data from EPE survey for calculate output of environmental protection services for NACE Rev2: 31-33, 35, 37-39, 41-43 and starting with 2017 (and for 2020 provisional data) for NACE Rev.2 7112, 72 and 7490. Also, we use data from EPE Survey for output services of energetic refurbishment and construction of new energy-efficient buildings EPEA: are used for calculate output of environmental services for NACE Rev. 2 36. In addition, ancillary output EGSS was calculate based on EPEA ancillary output and National Accounts data according to EGSS Practical Guide formula. National Accounts. We use National Accounts data on General Government Expenditure by function (COFOG) - Table 11 ESA 2010, for the period 2014-2019 (and for 2020 provisional data). The Supply-Use Balance provides the Final consumption of EP. The breakdown of total Final consumption of EP services by all CEP domains was made according to the share of each CEP domain in the total current internal expenditure. In addition, we used NA data for calculate GVA and Export for EGSS. Forestry Accounts: for calculate output and employment of management of forest area (CEP 0503) Agriculture Statistics: for calculate output, employment and GVA for organic farming (CEP 0501) Labor force statistics: to calculate employment for EGSS. Structural Busines Survey: for calculate intermediate consumption for specialized producers
National release calendar for EGSS data: 25 March 2026 TEMPO (NIS online database), 22 December 2025 annual publication on environmental economic accounts.
Data are disseminated annually.
Romania transmits the data to Eurostat every year in October covering the years 2015 - n-2 (n = current year).
The average production time for data is 12 months.
Data on EGSS are compiled according to harmonised guidelines provided by Eurostat and hence comparable across European countries reporting EGSS data to Eurostat.
