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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Istat |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | DIPS/DCCN/CNB |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Istat, Directorate for National Accounts |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 30/04/2024 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 30/04/2024 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 30/04/2024 |
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femia@istat.it
paolanto@istat.it
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3.1. Data description | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA) provide an aggregate overview, in thousand tonnes per year, of the material flows into and out of an economy. EW-MFA cover solid, gaseous, and liquid materials, except for bulk flows of water and air. Like the system of national accounts, EW-MFA constitute a multi-purpose information system. The detailed material flows provide a rich empirical database for numerous analytical purposes. Further, EW-MFA are used to derive various material flow indicators. The National Statistical Institute (NSI) sent to Eurostat on yearly basis the EW-MFA. The accounts comprise the following reporting tables:
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3.2. Classification system | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EW-MFA record physical flows of materials broken down by type of flow and by type of material. The type of flow dimension corresponds to the EW-MFA questionnaire reporting tables and derived indicators, namely:
The breakdown by type of material employs a classification of materials. This EW-MFA classification of materials is hierarchical with main material flow categories (1-digit level). Each main category is further broken down, maximal down to 4-digit-level: 1-digit: material category; 2-digit: material class; 3-digit: material group; 4-digit: material sub-group.
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3.3. Coverage - sector | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The data refer to national economies as defined in the system of national accounts. |
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conceptually economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA) belong to the international system of environmental economic accounting (SEEA-Central Framework). Furthermore, EW-MFA is one of several physical modules of Eurostat's programme on European environmental economic accounts. It is covered by Regulation (EU) No. 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts. EW-MFA are closely related to concepts and definitions of national accounts. Most notably they follow the residence principle, i.e. they record material flows related to resident unit's activities, regardless where those occur geographically. Further methodological guidelines are provided in various publications by Eurostat (see Eurostat website > Environment > Methodology, heading: 'Material flows and resource productivity'). For more detailed information please see also 3.1. |
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3.5. Statistical unit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statistical units change according to the different data sources (e.g. agriculture, forestry and fishery statistics, production statistics, geological surveys, energy statistics, foreign trade statistics etc.) which EW-MFA are based on. |
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3.6. Statistical population | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EW-MFA refer to the entire national economy of the reporting country (see also 3.3 'Coverage - sector')). EW-MFA include all materials (excluding water and air) crossing the system boundary (between the environment and the economy) on the input side or on the output side. The economy is demarcated by the conventions of the national accounting system (resident units). Material inputs to the economy cover extractions of natural resources (excluding water and air) from the natural environment and imports of material products (goods) from the rest of the world economy (ROW). Material outputs are disposals of materials to the natural environment and exports of material products and waste to the ROW. Information on natural resources extracted and traded products is provided by different statistical units. |
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3.7. Reference area | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The reference area is the economic territory as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and National Accounts (ESA). A unit is said to be a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (1 year or more) in economic activities in that territory.
By following this residence principle, the the MFA records the purchases of fuels made abroad by Italian residents as imports, and purchases in Italy by units not resident in Italy as exports.
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3.8. Coverage - Time | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Please see the table in 3.8.1. |
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3.8.1. Coverage – Time: by questionnaire table | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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3.9. Base period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable because EW-MFA are not reported as indices. |
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The unit of measure is thousand tonnes. |
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The data refer to the calendar years. |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
Economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA) are legally covered by Regulation (EU) 691/2011 on European Environmental Economic Accounts. |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
Not applicable in national level this information is required at European level only. |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
Code regarding the protection of personal data (Legislative Decree no. 196 of 30 June 2003)
Code of deontology - Processing of personal data for statistical purposes in the Sistan area (Annex A3 of Legislative Decree No. 196 of 30 June 2003)
Criteria and methods for the communication of personal data within the national statistical system (Directive no. 9 Comstat of 20 April 2004)
Security measures and methods of exchanging personal data between public administrations (Provision no.393 of the Guarantor for the Protection of Personal Data of 2 July 2015)
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
The general rules and methods described in the references provided under 7.1 apply
Furthermore, the data is not disclosed if:
- in the case of domestic extraction, it refers to less than two economic units,
- in the case of import or export, it refers to less than three economic units.
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
The MFA data will be made available in the Istat warehouse as soon as they pass Eurostat's control. Foreseen date is 30 May 2024 |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
The calendar is set on a weekly basis for releases not accompanied by a briefing for the press. |
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8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
Data are uploaded in Istat' datawarehouse (dati.istat.it ), accessible to everybody on the same terms, in a section dedicated to environmental accounts, within the larger "national accounts" area. |
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Data are disseminated annually. |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
No press release. |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
At national level data will be made available on the Istat’s warehouse http://dati.istat.it/?lang=en - |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
http://dati.istat.it with similar detail by item as the EU questionnaire, in section: national accounts – environmental accounts – National materials' use accounts. https://www.istat.it/en/archivio/237012 BES REPORT 2019: EQUITABLE AND SUSTAINABLE WELL-BEING IN ITALY (DMC at NUTS 1 and 2 levels, In the framework of Sustainable and Equitable Well-being indicators). https://www.istat.it/en/well-being-and-sustainability/sustainable-development-goals/istat-indicators-for-sustainable-development (DMC and other derived indicators in the context of SDG indicators) |
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10.3.1. Data tables - consultations | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
No micro-data are disseminated. |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
A national publication presenting results from various Environmental accounts, including EW-MFA, was realised in 2021. |
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10.5.1. Metadata - consultations | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
Dati.istat.it tables are accompanied by the main metadata. |
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10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
Quality report is reported on the Istat Information system on quality of statistical production processes at this link: |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
Since the 90s Istat adopted a systematic approach to ensure quality in both statistical information and service to the community. For this purpose, the Italian National Institute of Statistics has defined a quality policy providing itself with appropriate tools as well as management changes to carry it out. |
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
Overall data quality is quite high for some items. It is medium or low for other. See "Accuracy" for details. |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA) provide a rich empirical database for numerous purposes. At international level the European Commission uses EW-MFA and derived indicators for developing and monitoring policies in domains such as circular economy, sustainable development, resource efficiency, sustainable consumption and production, and greening of other policy areas. The derived EW-MFA indicator domestic material consumption (DMC) is a headline indicator for the Europe 2020 resource efficiency initiative. Domestic material consumption (DMC) is one of the indicators chosen for representing environmental sustainability in the “Measuring Equitable and Sustainable Well-being” project, jointly promoted by Istat and the Constitutionally relevant body CNEL (Consiglio Nazionale Economia e Lavoro). It also features in the national set of indicators for monitoring the Agenda 2030 goals (SDGs), in the same forms as in the international set. |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
Istat is constantly interested in understanding who the users of the statistics it produces are, what the information needs are, whether they match production and if the statistics produced satisfy users. To this aim, together with the analysis of user requests received through the Web Contact Center service, tools for direct consultation were developed, such as the annual online survey of customer satisfaction and indirect tools such as analysis of accesses and of users' browsing paths on the web site. |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
The system is complete and fully complying with relevant regulations/ guidelines. |
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12.3.1. Data completeness - rate | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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EW-MFA constitute accounts and as such they are compiled from a variety of data sources. The majority of EW-MFA characteristics are based on statistical data sources. Some characteristics even need to be estimated because adequate statistical data sources do not exist. |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
Please use Annex 3 for providing an assessment of the overall quality of the reported data. No source is available for fish catch in inland waters. Primary data on non-ligneous forest products are missing for most items and data on wood harvested has gotten poorer from year to year. Integrations to the data have been made based on national accounts estimates. Data on non-energy minerals remain subject to high uncertainty, notwithstanding previous years' very substantial revision of the whole time series estimates. The individual items under MF.2 and MF.3 are subject to uncertainties. This is due to lacking or poor, and often inconsistent, primary data, as well as to the lack of time for further analysis. The distribution of the MF.2+MF.3 total between the individual items needs further testing and possibly revision. Another test should concern the introduction of structural surveys on agriculture as a data source for crops. While some details may still need refinement, the quality of the estimates is in general kept at the level of the previous edition. We did not have to change any figure for years 1990-2021. Annexes: Annex 3: Data quality for Tables A, B, D, F and G by material categories |
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13.2. Sampling error | |||
Not applicable because data are not based on a sample survey. |
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13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators | |||
Not applicable because data are not based on a sample survey. |
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.1. Coverage error | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.2. Measurement error | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.3. Non response error | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.4. Processing error | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.5. Model assumption error | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
The European Questionnaire is the most timely delivery of detailed national Ew-MFA data. |
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14.1.1. Time lag - first result | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.1.2. Time lag - final result | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
Italy transmitted the data to Eurostat on 27.04.2023 |
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14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data on EW-MFA are compiled according to harmonised guidelines provided by Eurostat and hence comparable across European countries reporting EW-MFA data to Eurostat. |
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15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable because physical imports and exports as recorded in EW-MFA are not specified by origin and/or destination. |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Please see the table in 15.2.1.1. |
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15.2.1. Length of comparable time series | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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15.2.1.1. Comparability - over time detailed | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Please use below table for explaining b)-flags (breaks in time series):
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The other related statistical results, often used as a source of data for the MFA, are consistent with the EW-MFA. |
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15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable; reported EW-MFA data are only annual. |
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15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian EW-MFA are consistent with ESA. |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Internal coherence is full. |
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Restricted from publication. |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
The data for years t-2 is calculated at each year t. Furthermore, the entire historical series are recalculated whenever new data sources or new estimation methods can be used. Revisions of previously released data generally take place whenever there is a general revision of sources and methods of the entire national accounting (new benchmark). |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
nothing to report |
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17.2.1. Data revision - average size | |||
Will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT. |
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18.1. Source data | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data sources used to produce economy-wide material flow accounts are described in the sub-concepts 18.1.1 (and Annex) and 18.1.2. |
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18.1.1. Source data - Table A, B, D, F and G | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Please use Annex 1 to report the detailed data sources for questionnaire tables A, B, D, F and G. Annexes: Annex 1: Sources of data for Table A, B, D |
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18.1.2. Source data - Table I | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The data in Table I are derived from the processing carried out with Country-RME-tool_March2023.xls. The sources of the data in it are as follows:
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annually. |
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18.3. Data collection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
No data are directly collected. |
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18.4. Data validation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As for the outputs, the validation is based on: |
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18.5. Data compilation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data sources used to produce economy-wide material flow accounts are described in the sub-concepts 18.1.1 (and Annex) and 18.1.2. |
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18.5.1. Imputation - rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable. |
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18.5.2. Estimation approaches for specific items | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Please use Annex 2 to describe estimation approaches for specific items. Annexes: Annex 2: Estimation methods for data of Table A 'Domestic Extraction' for which no statistical data sources exist |
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18.5.3. Adjustment used of correspondence table for Tables B and D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nothing to report. |
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18.5.4. Adjustment used of conversion factors for Tables B and D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nothing to report. |
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18.5.5. Fuel trade, residence adjustment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjustments may change in the future as for air transport, due to the possible reclassification of some units/of domestic flights operated by foreign companies. |
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18.5.6. Significant problems | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nothing to report. |
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18.6. Adjustment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable; i.e. in EW-MFA no time series adjustment necessary. |
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18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable. |
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