Statistical Organizaction of the Republic of Slovenia (SURS).

Environment and Energy Statistics Section.

Litostrojska cesta 54, SI-1000 Ljubljana

Air emissions accounts (AEA) record flows of gaseous and particulate materials emitted into the atmosphere as a result of economic activity.

AEA are a subset of environmental-economic accounts. They offer a detailed breakdown for 64 emitting economic activities (NACE), plus households, as defined in the national accounts of EU countries. They are aligned with economic statistics and GDP. These features make them suitable for integrated environmental-economic analyses and modelling – for example of 'carbon footprints' and climate-change modelling scenarios.

National Statistical Institutes (NSI) submit AEA to Eurostat through a mandatory annual data collection. The data collection includes an electronic questionnaire and this quality report.

The AEA dataset has the following dimensions:

1)           Air pollutant: Emissions to air of the following gaseous and particulate substances are collected (greenhouse gases, air pollutants):

Carbon dioxide without emissions from biomass (CO2),

Carbon dioxide without emissions from biomass (CO2) - ROAD transport emissions,

Carbon dioxide from biomass (Biomass CO2)*,

Nitrous oxide (N2O), Methane (CH4),

Perfluorocarbons (PFCs),

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs),

Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) including nitrogen trifluoride (NF3),

Nitrogen oxides (NOx),

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) - ROAD transport emissions,

Non-methane volatile organic compounds, (NMVOC),

Non-methane volatile organic compounds, (NMVOC) - ROAD transport emissions,

Carbon monoxide (CO),

Particulate matter < 10μm (PM10),

Particulate matter < 10μm (PM10) - ROAD transport emissions,

Particulate matter < 2,5μm (PM2,5),

Particulate matter < 2,5μm (PM2,5) - ROAD transport emissions,

Sulphur oxides (SOx),

Ammonia (NH3)

2)           Geopolitical entity: Slovenia

3)           Economic activities: include 64 production activities (classified by NACE rev.2 A*64), and households’ consumption (3 sub-classes).

4)           Time: 2008 - 2018

5)           Unit: tonnes and thousand tonnes

The data refer to national economies as defined in the system of national accounts. Greenhouse gases and air pollutants emitted by resident units representing the national economy are covered.

Conceptually AEA belong to the international system of environmental economic accounting (SEEA-Central Framework). Furthermore, AEA is one of several physical modules of Eurostat's programme on European environmental economic accounts. It is covered by Regulation (EU) No.691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts.

AEA are closely related to concepts and definitions of national accounts. Most notably, they follow the residence principle, i.e. they record emissions related to resident unit's activities, regardless where those occur geographically.

Further methodological guidelines are provided in various publications by Eurostat (see Eurostat website > Environment > Methodology, heading: 'Air emissions accounts').

Data refer to emissions by resident economic units in the sense of SEEA CF 2012 and National Accounts (ESA), including households.

The national economy is as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and National Accounts (ESA), i.e. all economic activities undertaken by resident units.

The reference area is the economic territory as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and National Accounts (ESA). A unit is said to be a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (1 year or more) in economic activities in that territory.

By following this residence principle, the Air Emission Accounts record emissions from resident units' activities, regardless where they occur. This is the main conceptual difference to emission inventories for greenhouse gases (UNFCCC) and air pollutants (CLRTAP).

Data transimtted to Eurostat covers following years: 2008 - 2021

Not applicable because AEA are not reported as indices.

The unit of measure is tonnes (Mg) or thousand tonnes (Gg).

F-gases (HFC, PFC, SF₆ and NF₃) are reported in tonnes (Mg) of CO₂ equivalents.

SO_X are reported in tonnes (Mg) of SO₂ equivalents, and NO_X are reported in tonnes (Mg) of NO₂ equivalents.

The data refer to calendar years.

Air emissions accounts (AEA) are legally covered by Regulation (EU) 691/2011 on European Environmental Economic Accounts.

Not applicable at national level.

Information on national confidentiality rules: http://www.stat.si/statweb/en/FundamentalPrinciples/StatConf

Emissions in NACE U99 are reported under NACE H49, since those emissions reffers to only 2 cars registred under NACE U99 and according to SURS rules, data from less that 3 units cannot be published. In order to avoid inconsistency, emissions from NACE U99 are therefore reported under NACE H49.

Data are published anually (before data are reported to Eurostat). Release calendar is prepared at the end of every calendar year for the next calendar year.

Release calendar is publicly available via the following link (in English):https://www.stat.si/StatWeb/en/ReleaseCal

Data tables are disseminated every year on SIStat database, general data information are given in a form of a First Release (short article) on SURS's web page. All data are publicly available.

Data are disseminated annually.

First Releases are published on SURS's website according to the preannounced release calendar. Data tables are published on a same date on SIStat database. All data are publicly available.

Data are publshed in the following formats:

- First Release (short article, with only general data included) on SURS's website;

- data tables on SiStat database;

-Stat'o'book (general data included in annually printed SURS's publication, available also in PDF on SURS's website).

Data tables are published on SiStat database: link

There were no consultations in this case.

AEA survey is based on administrative data. Microdata are availabe on other institutions: Slovenian Environment Agency (ARSO).

AEA survey is based on administrative data. Microdata are available in other institutions (e.g. Slovenian Environment Agency).

Not applicable.

Methodological explanationas are publicly availabe on SURS' website (also in English): link

The ratio of the number of metadata elements provided to the total number of metadata elements applicable is 100%.

Quality reports are publicly availabe online: link

At the end of every survey (i.e. on annual level, if not determined otherwise), national quality report is prepared and disseminated on SURS' website. Quality guidelines are closely followed by all staff. Training courses, use of best practices (from other institutions, both domestic and foreign), self-assesments and other necessary processes are also a part of quality assurance framework within the unit and institution.

The current statistical outputs are estimated as optimal. Data collecting, processing and the dissemination process are verified. No quality improvements are planned in the near future, although they are not excluded.

Data are freely available to general public. Users are researchers, students, governmental and non-governmental institutions, companies etc. We recorded some demand from users for longer time-series (prior to 2008). Extending the time-series (back) is not forseen at the moment. However, each year data are revised for the whole time series, i.e. from 2008 onwards.

User satisfaction surveys are being carried out on an institutional level and not for this certain survey. Users can however directly contact the statistitian responsible for the survey ( SURS's e-mail address and phone number are provided in SI-STAT database portal), but this is mostly used for data inquries.

The completeness according to relevant regulations/guideliness is 100%.

Not applicable; To ensure comparability, this will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT in the European quality report using a standardised method.

Data are collected from administrative source (Inventory reports, prepared by Slovenian Environment Agency - ARSO). If the inventory reports contain errors, SURS contacts ARSO for clarifications.

Not applicable because data are not based on a sample survey.

Not applicable because data are not based on a sample survey.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Slovenian Environment Agency (ARSO) provides inventory reports by February (CLRTAP report) and April (IPCC report) every year. SURS disseminates data on national level in September and send data to Eurostat also in September each year. Average production time is therefore estimated to be cca. 5 months. SURS does not compile early estimates yet (although this if foreseen for the future years). AEA data are published nationally before data are sent to Eurostat (usually cca. 2 weeks before).

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Questionnaire was delivered on time (in 100% of the cases). There was no delay considering legal due date.

Results were delivered on time. All data were published on time.

AEA are compiled according to harmonised guidelines provided by Eurostat and hence comparable across European countries reporting AEA to Eurostat.

Not applicable.

There are no breaks in the time series for the reporting years (i.e. 2008 - 2021). Data for reported time period are fully comparable. Revisions are made anually for the whole time series. Methodological changes in the process of allocating road transport emissions were applied for the whole time series.

Not applicable; To ensure comparability, this will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT in the European quality report using a standardised method.

AEA data reported by SURS are based on administrative data source (i.e. emission inventories). However, inventory and AEA data are not fully comparable, since AEA data are based on NACE Rev. 2 classification and residence princile is applied.

Not applicable, because AEA data are annualy disseminated.

AEA data are coherent with main aggregated derived from European system of accounts (ESA). Data are adjusted to the residence principle.

Each set of outputs are intenally consistent.

AEA dataare being processed, disseminated and reported by 1 statistitician. It is estimated that 0,5 full time equivalents are being used.

Standard procedures applied for revisions are available online in document Methodological explanations - revision of statistical data.

AEA data (whole time series, from 2008 onwards) are being revised annualy.

AEA data (whole time series, from 2008 onwards) are revised anually. Revisions are planned and are made due to annual changes in data obtained from Slovenian Environment Agency (ARSO) - emission inventories. Possible methodological changes are also included in revisions and applied to the whole time series (e.g. in 2022 revision of road transport residence adjustment was made for entire time series).

Not applicable; To ensure comparability, this will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT in the European quality report using a standardised method.

Data are collected annualy.

Data are collected directly from administrative (emission inventories from Slovenian Environment Agency, National Vehicle Registry data from Ministry of Infrastructure) and statistical data sources (PEFA, transport statistics) or are reported by there sources to SURS via e-mail to the researcher.

Visual and logical cheks apply (i.e. consistency with data reported in previous years or for previous periods). Statistician on SURS, responsible for this survey, checks the data and compares it with data from previous reporting cycles. If data are incomplete, statistician contacts the compilers of the administrative data (i.e. Slovenian Environment Agency, Ministry of Infrastructure etc.) with a request for clarifications and (if applicable) to resend the correct data.

Data are based on administrative and partially other statistical sources. The coverage is 100%. No special data compilation process is needed (i.e. weightening, imputation, adjustment for non-response, calibration etc.). Data are recalculated and adjusted to NACE Rev. 2 classification and adjustment to the residence principle is made.

Not applicable.

After we distribute all emissions included in the national emissions inventories between economic activities, we take into account the residence principle.

Road freight transport emissions by residence principle were calculated based on number of registred vehicles (transport statistics data) and average fuel use by 3 types of vehicles (light-duty semi-heavy-duty and heavy-duty vehicles as estimated in CLRTAP manual for air emission inventories, Tier I and II). Fuel bought by non-residents on the territory was calculated based on data obtained from major fuel companies that sell fuel on gas pumps (data on fuel bought by truck cards, based on residency of buyer was reported to SURS). As data on fuel sold by truck cards was obtained only for years 2016 onwards, estimation was made for 2008-2015 period, based on mileage made by resident vehicles abroad. Data on fuel bought by resident vehicles abroad was estimeated based on formula: fuel used by residents - (fuel sold to freight transport vehicles in Slovenia - fuel bought by non-residents in Slovenia).

Road personal transport emissions by residence principle were calculated based on national data on registred personal vehicles (by motor type and fuel) and fuel use (data collected within household budget survey). Fuel use by residents abroad and non-residents on the territory was estimated based on data from satellite tourism accounts (transport costs for home tourists abroad nad foreign tourists in the country) and household budget survey (costs for transport for all citizens). 

We estimate the components to be added or subtracted as a proportion of the inventories emissions (households road transport emissions on resident principle = total emissions from passenger cars on national territory * proportion factor).

Emissions from water and air transport and their adjustment to the residence principle are processed with PEFA survey data (PEFA bridging items) and with relevant deafult emission factors (tier I in IPCC and CLRTAP manuals for calculating emission inventories).

AEA data are aligned with national and international standards. No additional adjustments are needed.

Not applicable.

No comments apply at this point.