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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Central Statistics Office, Ireland |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Environment and Climate Division |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Central Statistics Office, Ardee Road, Rathmines, Dublin 6, D06 FX52 Ireland |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 25/09/2023 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 25/09/2023 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 25/09/2023 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
Air emissions accounts (AEA) record flows of gaseous and particulate materials emitted into the atmosphere as a result of economic activity. AEA are a subset of environmental-economic accounts. They offer a detailed breakdown for 64 emitting economic activities (NACE), plus households, as defined in the national accounts of EU countries. They are aligned with economic statistics and GDP. These features make them suitable for integrated environmental-economic analyses and modelling – for example of 'carbon footprints' and climate-change modelling scenarios. National Statistical Institutes (NSI) submit AEA to Eurostat through a mandatory annual data collection. The data collection includes an electronic questionnaire and this quality report.
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3.2. Classification system | |||
The AEA dataset has the following dimensions: 1) Air pollutant: Emissions to air of the following gaseous and particulate substances are collected (greenhouse gases, air pollutants): Carbon dioxide without emissions from biomass (CO2), Carbon dioxide from biomass (Biomass CO2)*, Nitrous oxide (N2O), Methane (CH4), Perfluorocarbons (PFCs), Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) including nitrogen trifluoride (NF3), Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Non-methane volatile organic compounds, (NMVOC), Carbon monoxide (CO), Particulate matter < 10μm (PM10), Particulate matter < 2,5μm (PM2,5), Sulphur oxides (SOx), Ammonia (NH3) 2) Geopolitical entity: EU Member States, EFTA Countries, Candidate Countries etc. 3) Economic activities: include 64 production activities (classified by NACE rev.2 A*64), and households’ consumption (3 sub-classes). 4) Time: reference year for which air emissions are reported 5) Unit: tonnes and thousand tonnes |
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
The data refer to national economies as defined in the system of national accounts. Greenhouse gases and air pollutants emitted by resident units representing the national economy are covered. |
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
Conceptually AEA belong to the international system of environmental economic accounting (SEEA-Central Framework). Furthermore, AEA is one of several physical modules of Eurostat's programme on European environmental economic accounts. It is covered by Regulation (EU) No.691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts. AEA are closely related to concepts and definitions of national accounts. Most notably, they follow the residence principle, i.e. they record emissions related to resident unit's activities, regardless where those occur geographically. Further methodological guidelines are provided in various publications by Eurostat (see Eurostat website > Environment > Methodology, heading: 'Air emissions accounts'). |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
Data refer to emissions by resident economic units in the sense of SEEA CF 2012 and National Accounts (ESA), including households. |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
The national economy is as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and National Accounts (ESA), i.e. all economic activities undertaken by resident units. |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
The reference area is the economic territory as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and National Accounts (ESA). A unit is said to be a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (1 year or more) in economic activities in that territory. By following this residence principle, the Air Emission Accounts record emissions from resident units' activities, regardless where they occur. This is the main conceptual difference to emission inventories for greenhouse gases (UNFCCC) and air pollutants (CLRTAP). |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
Data are provided for Ireland for 2009-2022. |
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3.9. Base period | |||
Not applicable because AEA are not reported as indices. |
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The unit of measure is tonnes or thousand tonnes. F-gases (HFC, PFC, SF6 and NF3) are reported in tonnes of CO2 equivalents. SOX are reported in tonnes of SO2 equivalents, and NOX are reported in tonnes of NO2 equivalents. |
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The data refer to calendar years. |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
Air emissions accounts (AEA) are legally covered by Regulation (EU) 691/2011on European Environmental Economic Accounts. |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
Not applicable at national level. |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
All information supplied to the CSO is treated as strictly confidential. The Statistics Act, 1993 (http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1993/act/21/enacted/en/html) sets stringent confidentiality standards: Information collected may be used only for statistical purposes, and no details that might be related to an identifiable person or business undertaking may be divulged to any other government department or body. These national statistical confidentiality provisions are reinforced by the following EU legislation: Council Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics for data collected for EU statistical purposes. Further details are outlined in the CSO's Code of Practice on Statistical Confidentiality. For more information on the CSO confidentiality policy please visit: https://www.cso.ie/en/aboutus/lgdp/csodatapolicies/statisticalconfidentiality/ |
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
There are no confidentiality issues arising in the reported data. |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
The national Air Emissions Accounts statistical release is published annually at the end of October. The CSO release calendar is available publicly at the following link: https://www.cso.ie/en/csolatestnews/releasecalendar/ |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
https://www.cso.ie/en/csolatestnews/releasecalendar/ |
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8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
The release is published on the CSO homepage: www.cso.ie |
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Data are disseminated annually. |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
The Air Emissions Accounts relase is published annually on the CSO website. It is not usually accompanied by a press release. |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
The Air Emissions Accounts relase is published annually on the CSO website. |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
The data are published in PxStat, the CSO's main data dissemination service. PxStat can be found at the following link: https://www.cso.ie/en/databases/ |
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10.3.1. Data tables - consultations | |||
Not available. |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Micro-data are not disseminated. |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
Not applicable. |
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10.5.1. Metadata - consultations | |||
Not known. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
CSO Air Emissions Accounts Methods page: https://www.cso.ie/en/methods/environment/airemissions/ |
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10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate | |||
Not known. |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
National quality reports are published alongside the national release and can be found at the following link: https://www.cso.ie/en/methods/environment/airemissions/ |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
Information on CSO Statistical Standards and Quality can be found at the following links: https://www.cso.ie/en/methods/quality/statisticalstandardsandquality/ https://www.cso.ie/en/media/csoie/releasespublications/documents/corporatepublications/standardsguidelinesqualityinstatistics.pdf Quality Management Framework: https://www.cso.ie/en/methods/quality/qualitymanagementframework/ |
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
The reported data are generally considered to be of good quality. The primary data are the national Emissions Inventories (compiled by the Environmental Protection Agency). The main data sources used for NACE/Household disaggregation of the emissions inventories are the CSO Business Energy Use survey, the national Energy Balances and CSO Transport Statistics. Thus the data used for NACE disaggregation are all official statistics underpinned by detailed methodological guidance and high standards of quality at all stages of the statistical process. Validation procedures and quality reporting are in place. improvements in the coming years are possible, in particular in relation to bridging items. |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Principal external users are government, policy-makers, environment sector, business, national media, and general public. Background notes are provided with each release, along with a quality report and other methodological information. |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
Not available. |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
Not applicable. |
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12.3.1. Data completeness - rate | |||
Not applicable; To ensure comparability, this will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT in the European quality report using a standardised method. |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
See Annex 1. Annexes: Annex 1 |
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13.2. Sampling error | |||
Not applicable because data are not based on a sample survey. |
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13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators | |||
Not applicable because data are not based on a sample survey. |
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.1. Coverage error | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.2. Measurement error | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.3. Non response error | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.4. Processing error | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3.5. Model assumption error | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
Data for provided to Eurostat at 21 months after the reference year. Data are published nationally 20 months after the reference year. |
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14.1.1. Time lag - first result | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.1.2. Time lag - final result | |||
Not applicable. |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
Data were provided to Eurostat 5 days in advance of the deadline in 2023. |
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14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication | |||
Data were provided to Eurostat 5 days in advance of the deadline in 2023. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
AEA are compiled according to harmonised guidelines provided by Eurostat and hence comparable across European countries reporting AEA to Eurostat. |
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15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient | |||
Not applicable. |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||
See Annex 2. Annexes: Annex 2 |
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15.2.1. Length of comparable time series | |||
Not applicable; To ensure comparability, this will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT in the European quality report using a standardised method. |
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||
Not available. |
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15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics | |||
Not applicable, because AEA data are annual. |
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15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts | |||
A residence adjustment is carried out on the air emissions data for road transport and air transport in order to attain coherence with national accounts. |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||
The data are internally consistent. |
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0.25 FTE |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
https://www.cso.ie/en/methods/quality/treatmentofrevisions/csogeneralrevisionspolicy/ |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
The most up-to-date data on transport and non-transport fuel use by NACE (CSO Business Energy Use survey 2021) were incorporated for NACE disaggregation. |
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17.2.1. Data revision - average size | |||
Not applicable; To ensure comparability, this will be calculated and provided by EUROSTAT in the European quality report using a standardised method. |
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18.1. Source data | |||
The data sources are the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) national emissions inventories which are submitted annually under the UNFCCC and the CLRTAP. |
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Data are collected annually. |
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18.3. Data collection | |||
The AEA is not based on a survey. The data used by the CSO are the national emissions inventories compiled by Ireland's Environmental Protection Agency. However other data sources are used in order to assign emissions to NACE codes. These data sources include the CSO Business Energy Use Survey, the national Energy Balances, and CSO Transport Statistics. All are collected annually. |
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18.4. Data validation | |||
Data are not collected using a survey. The national emissions inventories are validated by the EPA. |
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18.5. Data compilation | |||
See following sections. |
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18.5.1. Imputation - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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18.5.2. Method used to allocate emissions to economic activities | |||
Emissions from industry and services are allocated proportionally according to non-transport fuel use, as collected by the Central Statistics Office’s Busines Energy Use survey. We have a detailed breakdown by NACE and type of fuel from 2009-2021. |
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18.5.3. Method used to determine and distribute road transport emissions | |||
We use CSO road freight transport survey data on tonne-km by NACE, along with energy balances data on road freight fuel use, to allocate a proportion of road transport emissions to agricultural use. We use CSO road traffic volumes data on kilometres travelled by private household cars (as opposed to taxis and company cars) to allocate a proportion of road transport emissions to households. We then distribute the remaining emissions proportionally across industry and services NACE codes according to data from the Business Energy Use survey on transport fuel use. We have a breakdown by NACE and type of fuel (petrol, diesel). |
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18.5.4. Adjustments for residence principle | |||
Road Transport For the residence principle adjustment, we use international tonne-km data from the road freight transport survey to estimate emissions from Irish freight companies abroad (freight vehicles; diesel and biodiesel). We use the national energy balances data on fuel tourism to estimate emissions from non-resident drivers on the territory (cars; petrol, diesel, biomass). We have obtained data on tonne-km travelled by British- and Northern Irish-registered freight vehicles in Ireland and included emissions estimates based on these (freight vehicles; diesel, biodiesel). Aviation The aviation residence adjustment is based on OECD data on CO2 emissions for Irish airline companies for the years 2013-2022. We used ETS data on airline emissions by Irish airlines to estimate the aviation residence adjustment for 2010-2012. Water We do not have a suitable data source for the water transport residence adjustment and are unable to provide estimates at the moment. |
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18.6. Adjustment | |||
Not applicable. |
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18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment | |||
Not applicable. |
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