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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Statistics Sweden |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Population and Welfare Department, Register Unit |
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1.5. Contact mail address | SCB |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 13/11/2013 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 31/12/2013 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 31/12/2013 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
The Swedish Census is fully register-based, and the main registers include population and dwellings. |
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3.2. Classification system | |||
ISCO-08, NACE Rev. 2, ISCED 97 |
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
3.4.1. Statistical concepts and definitions - Usual residence Usual residence means the place where a person normally spends the daily period of rest, regardless of temporary absences for purposes of recreation, holidays, visits to friends and relatives, business, medical treatment or religious pilgrimage. The sex of the persons. 3.4.3. Statistical concepts and definitions - AgeThe age reached at the reference date (in completed years). 3.4.4. Statistical concepts and definitions - Marital statusMarital status is the (legal) conjugal status of an individual in relation to the marriage laws of the country (de jure status). Marriages and divorces are regulated in “Äktenskapsbalken (1987:230)”. Between 1995 and 2009 it was possible to register same-sex partnerships. Registered partnerships were regulated in “Lagen (1994:1117) om registrerade partnerskap”. 3.4.5. Statistical concepts and definitions - Family statusThe family nucleus is defined in the narrow sense, that is as two or more persons who belong to the same household and who are related as husband and wife, as partners in a registered partnership, as partners in a consensual union, or as parent and child. Thus a family comprises a couple without children, or a couple with one or more children, or a lone parent with one or more children. This family concept limits relationships between children and adults to direct (first-degree) relationships, that is between parents and children. Private households may be defined according to the 'housekeeping concept' , or, if this is not possible, Member States may apply the 'household-dwelling' concept. Sweden use the ‘household-dwelling’ concept, and one household is created within each dwelling. Within the dwelling one or more families are created. A family is created between persons with civil and/or biological links. Household status is given to each person in each household and family status is given to each person in each family. The total population register includes information of legal and biological links between persons and this information is used when household status and family status is given to each person in a household or family. To be classified as a person in a "Married Couple" or "Registered Partnership" both persons in the couple shall be registered in the same dwelling. If there are more than two persons in the household who could form a cohabiting couple, no cohabiting couples are formed and all persons in the household are classified as "Persons not in a family nucleus - Not living alone." Persons not possible to link to a dwelling cannot form a household and are classified as "Persons not living in a private household, but category not stated. See also 20.5 Data compilation 3.4.7. Statistical concepts and definitions - Current activity statusCurrent activity status' is the current relationship of a person to economic activity, based on a reference period of one week, which may be either a specified, recent, fixed, calendar week, or the last complete calendar week, or the last seven days prior to enumeration. Current activity status refers to persons aged between 15 and 74 years. 3.4.8. Statistical concepts and definitions - OccupationOccupation' refers to the type of work done in a job (that is the main tasks and duties of the work). Persons doing more than one job are allocated an occupation based on their main job, which is identified according to the time spent on the job or, if not available, to the income received. Occupation refers to persons aged between 16 and 74 years. 3.4.9. Statistical concepts and definitions - IndustryIndustry (branch of economic activity) is the kind of production or activity of the establishment (or similar unit) in which the job of a currently economically active person is located. Industry refers to persons aged between 15 and 74 years. 3.4.10. Statistical concepts and definitions - Status in employmentAn 'employee' is a person who works in a 'paid employment' job, that is a job where the explicit or implicit contract of employment gives the incumbent a basic remuneration, which is independent of the revenue of the unit for which he/she works. Status in employment refers to persons aged between 15 and 74 years. 3.4.11. Statistical concepts and definitions - Place of workThe location of the place of work is the geographical area in which a currently employed person does his/her job. The location of the place of work refers to persons aged between 15 and 74 years. 3.4.12. Statistical concepts and definitions - Educational attainment'Educational attainment' refers to the highest level successfully completed in the educational system of the country where the education was received. All education which is relevant to the completion of a level is taken into account even if this was provided outside schools and universities. 'Educational attainment' is only available for persons aged 16 years or over. Persons aged 15 years are classified as 'Not stated'. 3.4.13. Statistical concepts and definitions - Size of the localityA locality is defined as a distinct population cluster, that is an area defined by population living in neighbouring or contiguous buildings. Such buildings may either: Place of birth is defined as the place of usual residence of the mother at the time of the birth, or, if not available, as the place in which the birth took place. For the majority of the population information on the country of birth is based on the international boundaries existing on 1 January 2011. But in some cases it refers to a different time. 3.4.15. Statistical concepts and definitions - Country of citizenshipCitizenship is defined as the particular legal bond between an individual and his/her State, acquired by birth or naturalisation, whether by declaration, option, marriage or other means according to the national legislation. For persons with more than one citizenship Sweden has a slightly different order of precedence. 3.4.16. Statistical concepts and definitions - Year of arrival in the countryThe year of arrival is the calendar year in which a person most recently established usual residence in the country. The data for 2011 refer to the time span between 1 January 2011 and the reference date. 3.4.17. Statistical concepts and definitions - Residence one year beforeThis indicates the relationship between the current place of usual residence and the place of usual residence one year prior to the census. Children under one year of age are classified under 'Not applicable'. The topic 'Housing arrangements' covers the whole population and refers to the type of housing in which a person usually resides at the time of the census. This covers all persons who are usual residents in different types of living quarters, or who do not have a usual residence and stay temporarily in some type of living quarters, or who are roofless, sleeping rough or in emergency shelters, when the census is taken. The family nucleus is defined in the narrow sense, that is as two or more persons who belong to the same household and who are related as husband and wife, as partners in a registered partnership, as partners in a consensual union, or as parent and child. Thus a family comprises a couple without children, or a couple with one or more children, or a lone parent with one or more children. This family concept limits relationships between children and adults to direct (first-degree) relationships, that is between parents and children. The family nucleus is defined in the narrow sense, that is as two or more persons who belong to the same household and who are related as husband and wife, as partners in a registered partnership, as partners in a consensual union, or as parent and child. Thus a family comprises a couple without children, or a couple with one or more children, or a lone parent with one or more children. This family concept limits relationships between children and adults to direct (first-degree) relationships, that is between parents and children. Private households may be defined according to the 'housekeeping concept' , or, if this is not possible, Member States may apply the 'household-dwelling' concept. Private households may be defined according to the 'housekeeping concept' , or, if this is not possible, Member States may apply the 'household-dwelling' concept. The topic 'Tenure status of households' refers to the arrangements under which a private household occupies all or part of a housing unit. 'Conventional dwellings' are structurally separate and independent premises at fixed locations which are designed for permanent human habitation and are, at the reference date, either used as a residence, or vacant, or reserved for seasonal or secondary use. 'Occupied conventional dwellings' are conventional dwellings which are the usual residence of one or more persons at the time of the census. 'Unoccupied conventional dwellings' are conventional dwellings which are not the usual residence of any person at the time of the census. Dwellings with registered residents are classified as occupied conventionel dwellings. Dwellings without registered residents are classified as unoccupied conventionel dwellings. 3.4.26. Statistical concepts and definitions - Type of ownershipThe topic 'Type of ownership' refers to the ownership of the dwelling and not to that of the land on which the dwelling stands. The number of occupants of a housing unit is the number of people for whom the housing unit is the usual residence. 3.4.28. Statistical concepts and definitions - Useful floor spaceUseful floor space is defined as the floor space measured inside the outer walls excluding non-habitable cellars and attics and, in multi-dwelling buildings, all common spaces; or the total floor space of rooms falling under the concept of 'room'. The Swedish definition of a 'room' is a space of at least 7 square meters, with direct daylight. 3.4.29. Statistical concepts and definitions - Number of roomsA 'room' is defined as a space in a housing unit enclosed by walls reaching from the floor to the ceiling or roof, of a size large enough to hold a bed for an adult (4 square metres at least) and at least 2 metres high over the major area of the ceiling. The Swedish definition of a 'room' is a space of at least 7 square meters, with direct daylight. 3.4.30. Statistical concepts and definitions - Density standard (floor space)The topic ‘Density standard’ relates the useful floor space in square metres or the number of rooms to the number of occupants, as specified under the topic 'Number of occupants'. The topic ‘Density standard’ relates the useful floor space in square metres or the number of rooms to the number of occupants, as specified under the topic 'Number of occupants'. Access to piped water in the housing unit. 3.4.33. Statistical concepts and definitions - Toilet facilitiesAccess to flush toilet in the housing unit. 3.4.34. Statistical concepts and definitions - Bathing facilitiesA bathing facility is any facility designed to wash the whole body and includes shower facilities. 3.4.35. Statistical concepts and definitions - Type of heatingA housing unit is considered as centrally heated if heating is provided either from a community heating centre or from an installation built in the building or in the housing unit, established for heating purposes, without regard to the source of energy. 3.4.36. Statistical concepts and definitions - Type of buildingThe topic 'Dwellings by type of building' refers to the number of dwellings in the building in which the dwelling is placed. 3.4.37. Statistical concepts and definitions - Period of constructionThe topic 'Dwellings by period of construction' refers to the year when the building in which the dwelling is placed was completed. |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
The EU programme for the 2011 population and housing censuses include data on persons, private households, family nucleus, conventional dwellings and living quarters. |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
Persons enumerated in the 2011 census are those who were usually resident in the territory of the reporting country at the census reference date. Usual residence means the place where a person normally spends the daily period of rest, regardless of temporary absences for purposes of recreation, holidays, visits to friends and relatives, business, medical treatment or religious pilgrimage. The Census population refers to the registered population on the referensday (31 December 2011). |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
Data are available at different levels of geographical detail: national, NUTS1, NUTS2, NUTS3 and local administrative units (LAU2). |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
Data refer to the situation in the reporting country at the census reference date (see item 5) |
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3.9. Base period | |||
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Counts of statistical units |
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31/12/2011 |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
Statistics Sweden is the Swedish National Statistical Institute. Statistics Sweden is an administrative agency. Our main task is to supply customers with statistics for decision making, debate and research. We are mainly assigned these tasks by the government and different agencies, but we also have customers in the private sector and among researchers. Besides producing and communicating our statistical data, we are tasked with supporting and coordinating the Swedish system for official statistics. We also take part in international statistical cooperation. The Administrative Procedure Act (1986:223) regulates how the government should handle cases and decisions. The Act also contains important rules about government service obligation, conflict of interest, communication about decisions, etc. The 2011 Population and Housing Census is regulated by an EU legislation. |
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6.1.1. Bodies responsible | |||
Statistics Sweden |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
Not available. |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
The activities of Statistics Sweden concerning confidentiality of statistics is regulated by the Public Access to Information and Secrecy Act (SFS 2009:400, Ch. 24 § 8). Secrecy applies to specific activities of a public authority relating to the production of statistics, for information relating to an individual's personal or financial circumstances and which is attributable to the individual. Data needed for research or statistical purposes and data not directly attributable to the individual, may be disclosed unless it is manifestly evident that the information may be disclosed without the private party or a person closely related to him being harmed. This is a so called reversed requirement of damage, assuming secrecy to be the main rule, as contrasted to straight requirement of damage. |
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
The main measure taken to protect the data is record swapping of random pairs of households on a geographical variable. This method has the advantage that all tables produced from the protected data are consistent, and the method is targeted so that households most at risk for disclosure are more likely to be swapped. However, some individuals are unique at a national level when country of birth or citizenship is combined with age and gender, and extra measures had to be taken in order to protect this group from disclosure. For this group, the country of birth/citizenship is changed within continent according to a probability matrix based on the country frequencies in the population. |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
Data are made available 27 months after the end of the reference period (March 2014) |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
Swedish Census data is published in the Census Hub at Eurostat web site, and may be accessed through Statistics Swedens web site. |
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Data on population and housing censuses are disseminated every decade |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
No national news releases are planned. |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
No national publications are planned. |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
A link to Eurostat's CensusHuB from SCB's website. No national on-line database on Census data. |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Access to Census micro data is treated as all other requests on micro data. |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
No other dissemination formats. |
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11.1. Documentation on methodology | |||
Documentation on methodology will be available on Statistics Swedens web site on 31 March 2014. |
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11.2. Quality management - documentation | |||
Documentation on quality managemnet will be available on Statistics Swedens web site on 31 March 2014. |
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12.1. Quality assurance | |||
Not applicable |
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12.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
12.2.1. Coverage assessment | |||
The Swedish census is fully register based. It relies on a statistical register of the total population, kept by Statistics Sweden and fed by an administrative register kept by the Tax Agency, comprising all persons registered in Sweden at the reference date. The statistical register is considered as the target population. There has not been any coverage assessment of the statistical or the administrative register in connection to the census. |
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12.2.2. Post-enumeration survey(s) | |||
A post-enumeration survey has been carried out, focusing on how accurate the population registration on dwelling number is, and how this may influence household type and household size as given by the census register. A stratified sample of 15000 individuals were asked to give information about the household at the reference day of the census. Respondents were given the opportunity to answer on line or by a mailed questionnaire. Response rate was about 65 % (weighted). If household size or -type differed between survey and register, there was a re-contact by telephone in order to establish the true value. Almost 3000 individuals were contacted and 85 % agreed to confirm their answers from the initial data collection.The results indicate that the numbers for smaller households are underestimated and the numbers for larger households are overestimated by the register. |
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13.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
The census data disseminated by Eurostat are addressed to policy makers, researchers, media and the general public. |
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13.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
No user satisfaction surveys are carried out. User inquiries are handled by the Eurostat User Support service. |
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13.3. Completeness | |||
Depends on the availability of data transmitted by the National Statistical Institutes. |
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14.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
14.1.1. Accuracy overall - Usual residence There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.2. Accuracy overall - SexThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.3. Accuracy overall - AgeThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.4. Accuracy overall - Marital statusThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.5. Accuracy overall - Family statusData on concensual union is not available, and are derived by using a model. This may imply unreliability for this topic. Persons not possible to link to a dwelling can not form a family and are classified as 'Not applicable'. 14.1.6. Accuracy overall - Household statusData on concensual union is not available, and are derived by using a model. This may imply unreliability for this topic. Persons not possible to link to a dwelling can not form a household and are classified as 'Persons not living in a private household, but category not stated'. Data on primary homelessness can not be classified. But according to a report from the National Board of Health and Wellfare the number of primary homeless persons in 2011 is estimated to 4 500. 14.1.7. Accuracy overall - Current activity statusIn the Swedish register-based model it is not possible to distinguish all persons on parental leave or long term sick leave. These persons are classified as 'Currently not economically active', even if they usually are economically active (in the work force)." 14.1.8. Accuracy overall - OccupationPart of the register on occupation is not updated every year. This may imply unreliability for this topic. 14.1.9. Accuracy overall - IndustryThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.10. Accuracy overall - Status in employmentPersons on parental leave or long term sick are classified as 'Currently not economically active', even if they usually are economically active (in the work force) and therefore 'Status in employment' is not applicable. 14.1.11. Accuracy overall - Place of workThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.12. Accuracy overall - Educational attainmentThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.13. Accuracy overall - Size of the localityThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.14. Accuracy overall - Place of birthThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.15. Accuracy overall - Country of citizenshipThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.16. Accuracy overall - Year of arrival in the countryThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.17. Accuracy overall - Residence one year beforeThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.18. Accuracy overall - Housing arrangementsData on other housing units are not available. Data on homelessness can not be classified. But according to a report from the National Board of Health and Wellfare the number of homeless persons in 2011 is estimated to 34 000. Of which the number of primary homeless persons is estimated to 4 500. 14.1.19. Accuracy overall - Type of family nucleusData on concensual union is not available, and are derived by using a model. This may imply unreliability for this topic. Persons not possible to link to a dwelling can not form a family and therefore not included in the topic. 14.1.20. Accuracy overall - Size of family nucleusPersons not possible to link to a dwelling can not form a family and therefore not included in the topic. 14.1.21. Accuracy overall - Type of private householdData on concensual union is not available, and are derived by using a model. This may imply unreliability for this topic. Persons not possible to link to a dwelling can not form a household and therefore not included in the topic. 14.1.22. Accuracy overall - Size of private householdPersons not possible to link to a dwelling can not form a household and therefore not included in the topic. 14.1.23. Accuracy overall - Tenure status of householdData on tenure status of household is not available, and are derived by using a model. Households renting from cooperative owners can not be distinguished and are therefore classified as 'Households occupying all or part of a housing unit under some form of tenure'. 14.1.24. Accuracy overall - Type of living quarterData on other housing units are not available. 14.1.25. Accuracy overall - Occupancy statusThere are particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic because occupied/unoccupied dwellings refers to the registered residents which can differ from the actual conditions. 14.1.26. Accuracy overall - Type of ownershipData on type of ownership is not available, and are derived by using a model. Dwellings in cooperative ownerships that are rented can not be distinguished and are therefore classified as 'Dwellings in cooperative ownership'. 14.1.27. Accuracy overall - Number of occupantsThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.28. Accuracy overall - Useful floor spaceThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.29. Accuracy overall - Number of roomsThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.30. Accuracy overall - Density standard (floor space)There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.31. Accuracy overall - Density standard (number of rooms)There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic 14.1.32. Accuracy overall - Water supply systemData for the topic is imputed to 100 percent in category 'piped water in the housing unit'. According to previous studies almost all occupied conventional dwellings in Sweden have this facility. 14.1.33. Accuracy overall - Toilet facilitiesData for the topic is imputed to 100 percent in category 'flush toilet in the housing unit'. According to previous studies almost all occupied conventional dwellings in Sweden have this facility. 14.1.34. Accuracy overall - Bathing facilitiesData for the topic is imputed to 100 percent in category 'fixed bath or shower in the housing units'. According to previous studies almost all occupied conventional dwellings in Sweden have these facilities. 14.1.35. Overall accuracy - Type of heatingData for the topic is imputed to 100 percent in category 'central heating'. According to previous studies almost all occupied conventional dwellings in Sweden have this facility. 14.1.36. Overall accuracy - Type of buildingConventional dwellings in detached two-dwelling buildings where each dwelling has it's own entrance can not be distinguished and are therefore included in 'Conventional dwellings in one-dwelling buildings'. This means that 'Conventional dwellings in two-dwelling buildings' only consists of detached two-dwelling buildings with shared entrance. 14.1.37. Overall accuracy - Period of constructionThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic |
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14.2. Sampling error | |||
14.3. Non-sampling error | |||
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15.1. Timeliness | |||
All hypercubes will be transmitted by 31 March 2014 at the latest. |
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15.2. Punctuality | |||
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16.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
Sweden have done a complete register based Census. This can impair the comparability of the data with Censuses conducted in a traditional or a combined way. For information on the different topics, see 3.4 Statistical concepts and definitions. |
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16.2. Comparability - over time | |||
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17.1. Coherence - cross domain | |||
Figures provided by the National Statistical Institutes in the framework of the 2011 Population and Housing Census may differ from those transmitted in other statistical domains due to the cross domain differences in definitions and methodologies used. For additional information please see metadata specific to each domain. |
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17.2. Coherence - internal | |||
Internal coherence is assured by regulations defining breakdowns and definitions of topics (Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009, Regulation (EU) No 519/2010, Regulation (EU) No 1151/2010) |
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In order to ensure cost effectiveness Sweden has choosen to do a fully register based census. |
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19.1. Data revision - policy | |||
19.2. Data revision - practice | |||
No revisions planned. |
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20.1. Source data | |||
20.1.1. List of data sources | |||
20.1.1.1. List of data sources - data on persons | |||
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20.1.1.2. List of data sources - data on households | |||
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20.1.1.3. List of data sources - data on family nuclei | |||
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20.1.1.4. List of data sources - data on conventional dwellings | |||
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20.1.1.5. List of data sources - data on living quarters | |||
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20.1.2. Classification of data sources | |||
20.1.2.1. Classification of data sources - data on persons | |||
02.Register-based censuses | |||
20.1.2.2. Classification of data sources - data on households | |||
02.Register-based censuses | |||
20.1.2.3. Classification of data sources - data on family nuclei | |||
02.Register-based censuses | |||
20.1.2.4. Classification of data sources - data on conventional dwellings | |||
02.Register-based censuses | |||
20.1.2.5. Classification of data sources - data on living quarters | |||
02.Register-based censuses | |||
20.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Data on population and housing censuses are collected every decade, in a reference year that falls during the beginning of every decade |
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20.3. Data collection | |||
The system of statistical registers used for Census 2011 relies on three core registers kept by Statistics Sweden: the Business Register, the Total Population Register, and the Real Property Register. The core registers are linked to various subject matter registers such as registers of employment, occupation, and education. Comprehensive identification of persons, businesses, buildings, and dwellings is an essential part of the system. Unique identification of persons and businesses has been in use in Sweden for many years for various administrative purposes, but in order to link persons to dwellings, a new register with a unique dwelling key had to be created. In order to identify apartments, the property owners were responsible for labeling apartments in a block of apartments according to specific rules, and for informing the residents of their dwelling numbers. This was followed by a mailed questionnaire to every adult in the country where the Tax Agency (where the administrative register of all individuals in Sweden is kept) asked for the address of residence, including the dwelling number, and the Total Population Register was updated accordingly. As residents move to a different apartment or single house, they are required to inform the Tax Agency. Almost all public services utilize the administrative register and there is an incentive for individuals to keep the information updated in order to get information, social benefits, and other types of public services. The registration of the population on addresses including dwelling numbers started in September 2010 and ended in March 2011. |
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20.4. Data validation | |||
The data validation process includes control of:
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20.5. Data compilation | |||
New information is created by linking the different registers. The forming of households and families is entirely based on the information from the registers. Individuals registered at the same dwelling form a dwelling household (not necessarily the same as a household in terms of a housekeeping unit). From the information in the registers, household and family variables are derived, such as size of family or household and type of family or household. This requires some information in addition to where persons are registered (i.e. legal marital status or child and parent relations), in combination with some basic rules (i.e. there has to be at least two people to make up a family, two married couples living together count as two families, children with divorced parents can only be counted as members of one household, etc.). There can be more than one family in a household, but never more than one household in a family. A consensual union between two persons is formed if the persons are:
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20.6. Adjustment | |||
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