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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Central Statistical Office in Poland |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Demographic Surveys and Labour Market Department |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Al. Niepodleglosci 208, 00-925 Warszawa |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 31/03/2014 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 31/03/2014 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 31/03/2014 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
Not available. |
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3.2. Classification system | |||
ISCO-08, NACE Rev. 2, etc. |
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
3.4.1. Statistical concepts and definitions - Usual residence Usual residence means the place where a person normally spends the daily period of rest, regardless of temporary absences for purposes of recreation, holidays, visits to friends and relatives, business, medical treatment or religious pilgrimage. Male, Female 3.4.3. Statistical concepts and definitions - AgeThe age reached at the reference date (in completed years). 3.4.4. Statistical concepts and definitions - Marital statusMarital status is the (legal) conjugal status of an individual in relation to the marriage laws of the country (de jure status). In 2011 Polish Census the legal position regarding marital status for persons aged 15 years and more was defined as marital status pursuant to the law in force in Poland (the list of legal acts below). Polish law allows marriages for women aged 16 and more and for men aged 18 and more. 1. The Catholic Church, including the Roman Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Uniate and Neo-Uniate and Armenian Churches, 2. The Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church, 3. The Lutheran Church, 4. The Reformed Church, 5. The Evangelical Methodist Church in Poland, 6. The Baptist Church, 7. The Seventh Day Adventist Church, 8. The Mariavite Church, 9. The Pentecostal Church, 10. The Polish Catholic Church, 11. The Union of Jewish Communities. Divorces as a legal institution were introduced in Poland on January 1, 1946 on the basis of the Act from September 25, 1945 — Marriage Law (Journal of Laws 1945 No. 48, item 270). According to Polish law, the court pronounces the divorce at the request of one or both spouses. The family nucleus is defined in the narrow sense, that is as two or more persons who belong to the same household and who are related as husband and wife, as partners in a registered partnership, as partners in a consensual union, or as parent and child. Thus a family comprises a couple without children, or a couple with one or more children, or a lone parent with one or more children. This family concept limits relationships between children and adults to direct (first-degree) relationships, that is between parents and children. Private households may be defined according to the 'housekeeping concept' , or, if this is not possible, Member States may apply the 'household-dwelling' concept. In 2011 Polish Census the private households were separated according to the economic definition ie. using the housekeeping concept. The following classification was used:
For persons in marriage or in consensual union, the spouse / partner, with whom persons formed a common household, was indicated. Current activity status' is the current relationship of a person to economic activity, based on a reference period of one week, which may be either a specified, recent, fixed, calendar week, or the last complete calendar week, or the last seven days prior to enumeration. Occupation' refers to the type of work done in a job (that is the main tasks and duties of the work). Persons doing more than one job are allocated an occupation based on their main job, which is identified according to the time spent on the job or, if not available, to the income received. Industry (branch of economic activity) is the kind of production or activity of the establishment (or similar unit) in which the job of a currently economically active person is located. An 'employee' is a person who works in a 'paid employment' job, that is a job where the explicit or implicit contract of employment gives the incumbent a basic remuneration, which is independent of the revenue of the unit for which he/she works. The location of the place of work is the geographical area in which a currently employed person does his/her job. 'Educational attainment' refers to the highest level successfully completed in the educational system of the country where the education was received. All education which is relevant to the completion of a level is taken into account even if this was provided outside schools and universities. A locality is defined as a distinct population cluster, that is an area defined by population living in neighbouring or contiguous buildings. Such buildings may either: Place of birth is defined as the place of usual residence of the mother at the time of the birth, or, if not available, as the place in which the birth took place. Citizenship is defined as the particular legal bond between an individual and his/her State, acquired by birth or naturalisation, whether by declaration, option, marriage or other means according to the national legislation. The year of arrival is the calendar year in which a person most recently established usual residence in the country. The data for 2011 refer to the time span between 1 January 2011 and the reference date. 3.4.17. Statistical concepts and definitions - Residence one year beforeThis indicates the relationship between the current place of usual residence and the place of usual residence one year prior to the census. Children under one year of age are classified under 'Not applicable'. The topic 'Housing arrangements' covers the whole population and refers to the type of housing in which a person usually resides at the time of the census. This covers all persons who are usual residents in different types of living quarters, or who do not have a usual residence and stay temporarily in some type of living quarters, or who are roofless, sleeping rough or in emergency shelters, when the census is taken. The family nucleus is defined in the narrow sense, that is as two or more persons who belong to the same household and who are related as husband and wife, as partners in a registered partnership, as partners in a consensual union, or as parent and child. Thus a family comprises a couple without children, or a couple with one or more children, or a lone parent with one or more children. This family concept limits relationships between children and adults to direct (first-degree) relationships, that is between parents and children. The family nucleus is defined in the narrow sense, that is as two or more persons who belong to the same household and who are related as husband and wife, as partners in a registered partnership, as partners in a consensual union, or as parent and child. Thus a family comprises a couple without children, or a couple with one or more children, or a lone parent with one or more children. This family concept limits relationships between children and adults to direct (first-degree) relationships, that is between parents and children. Private households may be defined according to the 'housekeeping concept' , or, if this is not possible, Member States may apply the 'household-dwelling' concept. Private households may be defined according to the 'housekeeping concept' , or, if this is not possible, Member States may apply the 'household-dwelling' concept. The topic 'Tenure status of households' refers to the arrangements under which a private household occupies all or part of a housing unit. 'Conventional dwellings' are structurally separate and independent premises at fixed locations which are designed for permanent human habitation and are, at the reference date, either used as a residence, or vacant, or reserved for seasonal or secondary use. 'Occupied conventional dwellings' are conventional dwellings which are the usual residence of one or more persons at the time of the census. 'Unoccupied conventional dwellings' are conventional dwellings which are not the usual residence of any person at the time of the census. The topic 'Type of ownership' refers to the ownership of the dwelling and not to that of the land on which the dwelling stands. The number of occupants of a housing unit is the number of people for whom the housing unit is the usual residence. 3.4.28. Statistical concepts and definitions - Useful floor spaceUseful floor space is defined as the floor space measured inside the outer walls excluding non-habitable cellars and attics and, in multi-dwelling buildings, all common spaces; or the total floor space of rooms falling under the concept of 'room'. A 'room' is defined as a space in a housing unit enclosed by walls reaching from the floor to the ceiling or roof, of a size large enough to hold a bed for an adult (4 square metres at least) and at least 2 metres high over the major area of the ceiling. 3.4.30. Statistical concepts and definitions - Density standard (floor space)The topic ‘Density standard’ relates the useful floor space in square metres or the number of rooms to the number of occupants, as specified under the topic 'Number of occupants'. The topic ‘Density standard’ relates the useful floor space in square metres or the number of rooms to the number of occupants, as specified under the topic 'Number of occupants'. A housing unit considered as having a piped water installation is a unit inside which there is a tap with running water. The installation is classified as follows: connected to a network (water supply network) or to a local water supply system. 3.4.33. Statistical concepts and definitions - Toilet facilitiesA housing unit considered as having a flush toilet is a housing unit within which there is an installation which is flushed by water from a flushing cistern, connected to a water supply system. This installation may be located either in a separate room (WC), or in a bathroom. A bathing facility is any facility designed to wash the whole body and includes shower facilities. 3.4.35. Statistical concepts and definitions - Type of heatingA housing unit is considered as centrally heated if heating is provided either from a community heating centre or from an installation built in the building or in the housing unit, established for heating purposes, without regard to the source of energy. 3.4.36. Statistical concepts and definitions - Type of buildingThe topic 'Dwellings by type of building' refers to the number of dwellings in the building in which the dwelling is placed. 3.4.37. Statistical concepts and definitions - Period of constructionThe topic 'Dwellings by period of construction' refers to the year when the building in which the dwelling is placed was completed. |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
The EU programme for the 2011 population and housing censuses include data on persons, private households, family nuclei, conventional dwellings and living quarters |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
Persons enumerated in the 2011 census are those who were usually resident in the territory of the reporting country at the census reference date. Usual residence means the place where a person normally spends the daily period of rest, regardless of temporary absences for purposes of recreation, holidays, visits to friends and relatives, business, medical treatment or religious pilgrimage |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
Data are available at different levels of geographical detail: national, NUTS2, NUTS3 and local administrative units (LAU2) |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
Data refer to the situation in the reporting country at the census reference date (see item 5) |
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3.9. Base period | |||
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Counts of statistical units |
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31/03/2011 |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
The legal basis for work related to the preparation, implementation, and analysis of results of the Population and Housing Census was the Act of 4 March 2010 on the National Census of Population and Housing in 2011 (Journal of Laws of 2010, No 47, item 277, as amended), hereinafter referred to as the "NSP 2011 Act". The Act of 29 June 1995 on Public Statistics[1] and the Act of 6 September 2001 on Access to Public Information[2]also had a considerable impact on the performance of the census. 1) persons usually resident or temporarily staying in housing units, buildings, structures 2) housing units and buildings with housing units, as well as occupied collective living quarters and other occupied premises which are not housing units. The procedure of gathering data listed in the NSP 2011 Act was implemented using a mixed method, i.e. combining the use of information systems of public administration and data gathered through a full – scope survey and sample survey, in the following sequence: - extracting data from information systems; - an Internet-based self-enumeration, consisting of accepting or correcting within a specific time-frame data obtained from information systems; - a telephone interview conducted by a statistical interviewer, assisted with computer software(CATI); - an interview conducted by census enumerator recordered on a hand-held device (CAPI). Applicable principles governing the gathering and processing of data under the NSP 2011 Act are in compliance with regulatory provisions adopted in other acts, i.e. in the Act of 29 June 1995 on Public Statistics and in the Act of 29 August 1998 on Personal Data Protection (Article 10 and Article 11 of the NSP 2011 Act). In its regulatory provisions regarding the gathering and processing of data this Act clearly and explicitly guaranteed special protection of such data. That is to say, all data collected and stored during the census are confidential and enjoy special protection on the basis of the secrecy of statistics (according to the principles set out in the Act on Public Statistics). Moreover, these data are processed in accordance with the Act on the Protection of Personal Data. - the President of the Central Statistical Office, as the General Census Commissioner; - Voivodship Governors (Voivods) as Voivodship Census Commissioners; - Commune Heads (Mayors, Presidents of Town Councils) - as Gmina Census Commissioners. The Central Census Office and the Methodology and Analyses Team were created, working with the President of the Central Statistical Office. In the voivodship and gminas, Voivodship (WBS) and Gmina (GBS) Census Offices were established. Their tasks were laid down in the NSP 2011 Act. Voivodship and Gmina Census Offices had their tasks and work timetables precisely defined. They were established to operate for the time necessary to carry out census-related work only. - failure to provide available data covered by the census, despite the obligation to do so pursuant to the Act; - refusal to provide precise, exhaustive and reliable answers to questions designed to solicit data specified in the Act and in the Annex to Regulation No 763/2008. [1] The consolidated text of the Act was published in the Journal of Laws of 2012, item 591, as amended). [2] This Act was published in the Journal of Laws No 112, item 1198, as amended). |
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6.1.1. Bodies responsible | |||
The General Census Commissioner, i.e. the President of the Central Statistical Office, was in charge of the census work. The following persons worked as the deputies of the General Census Commissioner: - the Director of the Central Census Office; - persons appointed by the President of the Central Statistical Office. The Central Census Office (CBS) was established by an Instruction of the President of the Central Statistical Office which set out the organisation and composition, as well as specific tasks of the CBS. - a Team for organisation and logistical services for censuses; - a Team for the integration of administrative sources; - a Team for the preparation of legal regulations and legal services for censuses; - a Team for financing and financial services for services, and conducting tender procedures; - a Team IT services for censuses; - a Team for promotional, popularisation and typographical services for censuses; - a Team for personnel services for censuses; - a Team for the quality of censuses; - a Team for the modernisation of the National Register of the Official Territorial Division of the country (TERYT). A working group for NSP 2011, operating within the Methodology and Analyses Team, provided specialist support to the Central Census Office. The Secretariat, established within the Central Census Office, was in charge of the census documentation in accordance with the principles of the PRINCE 2 method. - Central level; - Voivodship level - Voivodship Census Offices(WBS); - Gmina level - Gmina Census Offices(GBS). Voivodship and Gmina Offices were established in appropriate time, indicated in the timetable for the census. (a) in the Central Census Office the following units were established: - the Census Management Centre (CZS), responsible for the operational management of the census, and - the Centre for Processing Census Data(CPDS), responsible for the administration of the census information system were established in the Central Census Office. (b) ) in Voivodship Census Offices the following units were established: - Voivodship Census Management Centres(WCZS), responsible for the operational management of the census at the regional level, and - Voivodship Call Centres(WCC), responsible for the carrying out of the census at the voivodship level, using the CATI method. Staff were appointed in Voivodship Census Offices responsible for organisational and financial issues and for census systems administration (members of Voivodship Census Offices, including voivodship administrators), as well as operational staff responsible for the carrying out of the census on the territory of a given Voivodeship(WCZS and WCC). |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
Not available. |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
In Poland, the protection of confidentiality of information regarding individuals is one of the key principles governing the manner of dealing with data collected during statistical surveys, including during the census. http://www.stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/ustawa_nsp2011_04032010.pdf) |
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
In view of the fact that, in accordance with Regulation No 1201/2009, the source of information was a sample survey which by its very nature is an estimate (because of the generalisation of data collected from the respondents), it was not necessary to apply the the methodology used for safeguarding confidentiality, called the Statistical Disclosure Control (SDC). |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
Data are made available 27 months after the end of the reference period (March 2014) |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
n accordance with the information release policy adopted by the Central Statistical Office (CSO), data from the 2011 Population and Housing Census (NSP 2011) are made available in accordance with the provisions of the Act on the National Census of Population and Housing in 2011 and of the Act on Public Statistics, and in particular in accordance with the so-called "3R principle" (Article 14.2 of the Act), stating that: "The processed statistical information compiled in public statistics is accessible to everybody on an equal footing, according to impartiality principle, and is disseminated simultaneously. This applies in particular to access to basic figures and indicators". The Central Statistical Office (CSO) disseminates statistical data through all access channels (website, e-mailing, telephone information, as well as direct contact through statistical information centres). Each time information on NSP 2011 is published, it can also be found in the internet "Newsletter” and in the RRS system. Data collected during the NSP 2011 are made available in the form of: 1. "News releases" disseminated ad-hoc during monthly open press conferences of the President of the Central Statistical Office , and, simultaneously (when the conference begins) on the CSO website. Releases are also sent at the same time via electronic mail to registered data recipients (246 recipients, mainly representing media, analytical companies and financial institutions). Information about dates and hours of publication of notes are sent together with the invitations to press conferences. 2. Publications regarding the census are made available simultaneously in paper form and in electronic form on the CSOwebsite. The timetable for publication of information is available in the annual publishing plan of the Central Statistical Office (CSO). In addition, information is provided at monthly press conferences as regards publication announcements for a given month. 3. Data in CSO databases (e.g. the Local Data Bank, Geostatistics Portal). 4. Implementation of orders and requests from users, addressed to the CSO Information Department. 5. A special bookmark NSP 2011 on the CSO website. 6. Media interviews given by the CSO Press Spokesman and CSO experts (249 interviews were given to media in the years 2011-2013 regarding NSP 2011). |
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Data on population and housing censuses are disseminated every decade |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
Press releases regarding the Population and Housing Census in 2011 (NSP 2011) are made available ad-hoc, published on the CSO website, and sent by mail to subscribed groups of recipients. They take the form of a PDF document and/or Excel tables. Link to the NSP2011 data repository http://www.stat.gov.pl/gus/12773_PLK_HTML.htm |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
Responding to wishes expressed by the recipients of information on the population and housing census, tabular and analytical publications take the form of printed books (but they are also available in electronic format). 1) national (with data concerning the country as a whole, data concerning regions, separately for urban and for rural areas, and data concerning Voivodeships); 2) regional (with data concerning a Voivodeship concerned, its subregions, districts subdivided into urban and rural areas, as well as important information regarding communes in each Voivodeship). |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
The Analytical Microdata Base (ABM) is designed as the main element for processing result information and for making data available. - the preparation of products to be made available; - the management of products made available; - the monitoring and analysis of questions asked by users. - recording (reporting) the needs of internal users; - review of products; - product management; - review of definitions of quality measurements and their reference values; - review of actual (measured) values of quality measurements for data, processes, and products; - gathering quality reports; - review of metadata received from the Central Metadata System. The level of access to different functionalities of AUZ is steered by rights of access granted to different users. - data aggregated in pre-defined tables, to which everybody has access; - data created by users on the basis of microaggregates; - data prepared by statisticians, on request; - results of analytical work, conducted on data in OLAP cubes, or in a set of individual data which are not identifiable; - graphic presentation of data (charts, cartograms); - visualisation of results of the census, using CSO's own tools. Different forms of dissemination of census data, and in particular an extensive set of tables published and of pre-defined tables, available in the ABM system and in other databases, meet essential requirements of a wide range of users at the national and regional levels. Pre-defined objects, i.e. aggregates or multidimensional cubes constitute the basic source of data for external recipients, but also for the internal ones. It was assumed that it would be possible to calculate approximately 90% of statistical tables on the basis of previously prepared aggregates in OLAP cubes. |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Internal users (these are mainly statisticians) have guaranteed full access to individual (non-identifiable) data from the 2011 census, while for the external users a special application standardises the access. External users, and in particular science and research circles, have a possibility to carry out research work based on individual (non-identifiable) data from the 2011 census. |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
Geostatistics Portal Local Data Bank |
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11.1. Documentation on methodology | |||
Selected methodological aspects regarding the Population and Housing Census in 2011 taking into account the objectives of the census, legal bases, method of conducting the census, scope of data and data sources, the scope of subject areas covered and dissemination of data are available at the following address: http://www.stat.gov.pl/gus/5840_15211_ENG_HTML.htm |
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11.2. Quality management - documentation | |||
Detailed documentation describing procedures for the management of the census process, regarding data quality at different stages of their processing, was collected in the metainformation system, linked to the Operational and Analytical Microdata Base. |
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12.1. Quality assurance | ||||||||||||||||||
In view of the methodology adopted to carry out the census (the mix mode method), two kinds of procedures were used to assess the quality of data. On the one hand, an assessment was carried out of data collected through questionnaires (both in a full survey and in the sample survey - short form in which data entered originated from administrative sources, CAxIchannels - deduplication), and, on the other hand, the sample survey itself was also assessed. |
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12.2. Quality management - assessment | ||||||||||||||||||
In order to monitor the quality of data obtained through different channels, appropriate procedures were prepared at each stage of work. I. Ensuring the quality of data obtained on the basis of forms 1. Electronic forms for the full – scope survey (short questionnaire), for sample survey (long questionnaire), and complementary surveys (homeless persons and persons in collective living quarters) included range check, logic control, steering, and descriptions for help function (term definition, guidelines for respondents). 2. In addition, a quality assessment of individual features was made for the purpose of the full survey whose short questionnaire, for the record, was initially supplied with the basic data from registers and from information systems, and respondents could verify data through the Internet-based self-enumeration (CAII). The following procedures were developed for making this assessment: a) The completeness of variables used to generate hints in the short questionnaire was determined (by mapping variables from registers and information systems on variables/questions from the questionnaire used in the full survey). b) The rate of completion of variables was assessed. Variables were specified in accordance with logical dependencesin the questionnaire. c) The covering of variables was analysed. It was assumed that if data for the questionnaire were 80% covered, the questionnaire was considered complete. However, as a matter of principle, each person had a possibility to verify/ complete data through computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI). If for a particular record there was no value derived from a specific variable (specific variables), the questionnaire for such a record/ person was sent for completion through a CATI or CAPI channel, depending on the amount of missing information. The following coverage indicators determined the channel to which a questionnaire would be sent: - indicators for monitoring the completeness of the survey; - indicators for completeness of the address point. 3. Deduplication of questionnaires received through different channels was carried out in order to obtain one unique questionnaire which would ensure that the full set of information was received. Specially prepared algorithms for calculating measurements were used in the deduplication procedure. These algorithms were assigned to both personal and housing questionnaires. In the process of selection of the best questionnaires for CAxI layers it was assumed that in the starting set, i.e. in the set of all questionnaires in the CAxI sub-system, there might have been many housing questionnaires for one housing unit and many personal questionnaires for the same person. This would result, i.a. from several attempts to log-in, from technical difficulties, or from telecommunications difficulties. As a result of the process composed of - a selection procedure for the housing questionnaire; - a selection procedure for the personal questionnaire from the sample survey; - a selection procedure for the personal questionnaire from the full survey; - a selection procedure for the personal questionnaire in cases where there was a relevant questionnaire from both the full and representative surveys; one, most complete questionnaire for the person and the housing unit was identified in CAxI layers. Sets of personal questionnaires for a housing unit opened a sub-set of selected questionnaires used for further processing of results. II. Determination of the final scope of the sampling frame for addresses/housing units Verification of persons in the register of addresses/housing units. (a) Addition to the table "Persons" in the list of addresses/housing units, of records of persons who participated in the census off-line, identified by the PESEL number, and, possibly, also by providing personal data. (b) Addition to the table "Persons" in the list of addresses/housing units, of records of homelesspersons. (c) Addition to the table "Persons" in the list of addresses/housing units, of records of persons entered on the forms used to survey persons in collective living quarters. The PESEL number was used for identification of these persons. (d) At the end of the census the list of addresses/housing units was supplemented in the table "Persons" by adding records of persons which were entered in the forms for full and sample surveys. This applied in the following cases: a) newborn babies without a PESEL number; b) foreigners without a PESEL number; c) persons who failed to find their names in the list of addresses/housing units, even though they had a correct PESEL number; d) persons with PESEL numbers assigned after 4 January 2011. III. Assumptions taken for the sample survey. In order to ensure the quality of the sample survey, separate procedures were taken into consideration, which took account of the following stages of work: 1. Creation of the the sampling frame for housing units Stages of creation of the the sampling frame for housing units included: 1) creation of an integrated register of addresses/housing units on the basis of records of addresses/housing units At the initial stage, an integrated register of addresses/housing units was created. The list was a specification of variables necessary for managing the census, for the authentication of variables transmitted between CAxI channels, and for a random selection of housing units to be included in the sample census. The basis for creation of the register was sets of data originating from addresses/housing units records prepared on datasets from the end of October 2010. These datasets were created on the basis of data from the TERYT register for each commune (gmina – the smallest territorial unit), linked with information from communes' registration records , with the addition of data from the national population register PESEL. Data in the list were updated by communes' census offices in accordance with the situation on 4 January 2011. 2) verification of the list in the pre-census survey During the pre-census survey, census enumerators carried out verification of all address points within the area of districts assigned to them, comparing them with items included in the register of addresses/housing units subjected to the pre-census survey. The objective of the pre-census survey was to approve or to modify address points specified in the list and to delete non-existing address points, or, possibly, to add new address points, where there were residential buildings, and non-residential buildings with housing units (e.g. collective living quarters such as e.g. student houses) which were not included in the register. 3)completion of the list with additional variables and creation of a sampling frame for the sample survey Furthermore, information originating from other registers and information systems of statistical databases was added to the list of addresses/housing units in the Operational Microdata Base (OBM). Additional information was included in the list with a view to improving the quality of data gathered in that register and to providing information needed for the stratification of random selection. During the verification of data on the register, criteria were established (variables and values thereof), which were used to create more homogeneous groups (stratification) of units to be included in the random sampling. The following items were excluded while establishing the sampling frame: a) collective living quarters not including any dwellings, b) locked facilities and dwellings located therein, c) Dwellings in collective living quarters constituting locked facilities d) semi-permanent housing unit e) uninhabited housing units, destroyed as a result of natural disasters, in particular floods. . As a result, the sampling frame covered dwellings occupied by persons registered or non-registered for permanent or temporary stay, together with unoccupied dwellings which were being repaired, in which tenants were changing, or newly-constructed dwellings. Buildings recorded under the same address were considered in the sampling process unless their number exceeded two. The dwelling sampling frame was updated in the course of the pre-census survey, as a result of which some buildings which were not previously included in the register were also added by the sampling survey. These buildings were not included earlier in the lists. 2) Variables taken into account in the sampling frame For the purpose of the sample survey, the reference list was supplemented with a set of information concerning each dwelling, which was then transferred to the sampling frame, constituting the basis for the ultimate selection of the stratification criteria: a) a territorial identifier; b) location of the building/dwelling on a territory affected by floods or by another natural disaster; c) number of dwelling in a multi – dwelling building; d) location of a dwelling in a multi-dwelling building ; e) year of completion of building construction f) number of persons in a dwelling; g) number of persons registered for permanent residence; h) presence of a foreigner in a dwelling; i) presence of a working person (with social insurance), of a retiree or a pensioner, or of an unemployed person in a dwelling; j) presence of a disabled person; k) presence of a user of an agricultural holding and of a utilised agricultural area; l) location of a dwelling in a gmina with a proportion of a (national or ethnic) minority of at least 10%. The values of variables, as stratification criteria, were diversified for urban and rural areas. he choice of criteria was finally determined in the course of trial sampling and included the following variables: territorial identifier; location of a dwelling in a multi- dwelling building; number of persons in a dwelling; presence in the housing unit of a working person (with social insurance), of a pensioner, or of an unemployed person; presence of a working person (with social insurance), of a retiree or a pensioner, or of an unemployed person in a dwelling 3) Allocation of a sample in different districts The basic objective of the sample survey carried out under the NSP 2011 was to obtain information about the social and demographic situation at NTS4 level (poviats). Thus, it was necessary to divide the 20% sample of dwelling (the percentage set for the survey for Poland) between districts NTS4 (LAU1). This was achieved using the root square allocation method. This method is a compromise between proportionate allocation and allocation ensuring the same precision for all sub-populations. Assuming that proportional random sampling was used, the sample would constitute 20% of a poviat population. . As the precision of results, i.e. the size of the sampling error, depends on the number of units in the sample, proportional sampling would result in an insufficient precision for a number of smaller poviats. . On the other hand, in using the alternative method, we obtain roughly the same precision of results for all districts, but at the expense of a significant "flattening" of the sample size. As a result, the sample size, and consequently the work input in the carrying out of a census would not be very different between large and small poviats. For this reason, the square root allocation method was adopted as a sample division method:. the number of dwellings subject to sampling in particular powiat is proportional to a square root of population number of dwellings and is given by the following formula:
In which:
n* - assumed sample size for Poland; Np - number of dwellings in a p-district. The sample size for individual poviats was calculated using the above-mentioned formula. If the capital city of Warsaw was treated in the same way as any other district (poviat), it could make it impossible to obtain reasonably precise results for individual urban districts (dzielnice) of the city of Warsaw. The average value from the above-mentioned values, i.e. 87.5 thous. dwellings, was applied as the final sample for the city of Warsaw. This value was deducted from the assumed sample size for Poland, i.e. from 2 631 thous., and only then was the root square allocation for 378 poviats carried out. Samples in the smallest poviats (Beskidzki and Sejneński) were 3200 dwellings (49% of the population number of dwellings), while the largest sample (outside Warsaw) was recorded for the i city of Łódź with 23 thous. dwellings, i.e. 6.9% of the number of dwellings in this city with powiat status. 4) sampling scheme A one-level stratified sampling scheme was used with a view to selecting the sample with a given number of units. Before the sampling process began, the sampling units (dwellings) were grouped into strata in order to increase the sampling efficiency. A differentiated approach to stratification was applied, depending on the poviat and gmina type. a) Dwellings in blocks of flats, b) Other dwellings. An indicator of the number of dwellings in the building in which a given dwelling was located served as the criterion for dividing dwellings into the reference categories. The category of dwellings in blocks of flats comprised all dwellings for which the value of the reference indicator exceeded the median. Then, in each of these two categories dwellings were stratified according to the number of persons in a dwelling, which was followed by a further division into four groups in terms of: The presence of a working person in a dwelling, b) The presence of a retiree or pensioner in a dwelling, in case of absence of a working person, c) The presence of an unemployed person in a dwelling, in case of absence of persons mentioned in (b), d) Dwellings with other persons. Dwellings located outside blocks of flats additionally comprised the category of a dwelling with an agriculture holding user a) dwellings with a user of an agricultural holding; b) other dwellings. In the first category, stratification was carried out in respect of the number of dwelling occupants, and subsequently, as far as possible, there was a further stratification based on the area of their agricultural holding (two, and possibly three area size-based groups, depending on the number dwellings with a user of an agricultural holding in a gmina In the second category dwellings were stratified in the same way as in small towns. Once all strata were established, the number of samples to be selected in each stratum was determined. It was assumed that the sample will be allocated proportionally to all strata. This implied, among others, that the sampling fraction determined through square root allocation for a given poviat was applicable to all gminas in this poviat, and to all strata established within a gmina. 5) Effectiveness of the solution used In order to see whether the scheme of selection on the basis of random sampling was effective, the following parameters were assessed at the poviat level: - number of persons; - number of dwellings with a working person; - number of dwellings with a pensioner, but without a working person; - number of dwellings with a user of an agricultural holding; - size of the utilised agricultural area. At the same time, based on the sampling frame, values of the corresponding sums for the above-mentioned variables were calculated. Relative differences for the estimated parameters were calculated according to the following formula:
where: ŷp - estimation of the sum of values of variable Y in district p, based on the random sample; Yp - sum of values of variable Y in district p, based on the data from the sampling frame. 6) Generalizing of results from the sample survey At the stage of processing of results of the sample survey, two generalisation (weighting) stages of results of that survey were used: • stage I – weighting with the use of adjusted weights "from the fraction" which are opposite of the sampling fraction for dwellings of that survey • stage II – weighting with the use of calibrated weight for the survey units which are persons.Primary weights were established as the opposite of the sampling fraction for close to 70. 5 thous. strata l. It should be recalled that the objective of stratification was to separate possibly homogeneous sampling units. Weights applied within each stratum were identical. The initial fraction weights had to be adjusted, given that 13.7% of housing questionnaires were missing from the sample survey. Adjusted weights, set out at the first stage, were used for generalizing the census results concerning dwellings. However, separate weights was introduced for single-family family buildings which comprise one or two dwellings, as well as for households and families. Such weights were calculated on a secondary basis through calibrated weights for persons forming households. In order to obtain correct generalisations, it was necessary to adjust initial weights, based on the random sampling scheme used. The adjustment took into account both , non-response and information concerning the reasons for failing to obtain data from some of surveyed units. Since the sampling unit was dwelling, the adjustment procedure used information assigned to the variable "reasons for failing to complete the form", where different reasons for dwellings randomly drawn for sampling were coded. Cases categorised as being outside the population surveyed (i.e. where the absence of a dwelling was discovered, or where a dwelling was unoccupied, or in respect of which inheritance proceedings were being carried out, or where a dwelling was about to be renovated, or not yet inhabited), amounted to 140. 4 thous., i.e. constituted approximately 5.2% the samplewere considered sampling frame errors. Weights adjusted in that manner can be used to derive global values (e.g. the total number of dwellings, number of occupied dwellings, number of sub-standard dwellings), and can also be used to estimate dwelling characteristics (e.g. dwellings by size). |
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12.2.1. Coverage assessment | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-sampling errors in the Population and Housing Census in 2011 Nevertheless, it was decided to carry out post-enumeration census in view of the fact that post-enumeration census always accompanied censuses in Poland which were conducted in a traditional manner. a) dwellings belonging to persons who participated in census by Internet using the short form despite the fact that their dwellings were drawn for a sample surveyb) dwellings in collective living quarters which were earlier drawn for a sample survey; c) dwellings with 15 or more inhabitants. Sampling errors
Where: 'h' indicates the strata resulting from the dwellings sampling scheme; 'i' means the dwelling code, i.e. the sampling unit; 'j' means the person included as a dwelling occupant – - means the weight assigned to a given person from a given dwelling; this is the value recorded in the variable weight_per_population_first_person, i.e. after calibration, and -means the value of the individual characteristics analysed, e.g. 1- if a person is unemployed, For specific result tables it is necessary to prepare a special set of new characteristics, based on existing output data. For example, in order to analyse the populations by age group, dummy variables should be defined for specific age intervals; , additional variables should be defined as appropriate (e.g. taking into account division by sex).
where Var means the assessment of the estimator variance, calculated in accordance with a formula:
Value means the number of dwellings in a given layer or sample surveyed, while is the number of dwellings from the upper population stratum; value may can be retrieved by adding up the adjusted weights which result from sample selection for the purpose of the sample survey. This formula for the variance estimator is implemented in the SURVEYMEANS procedure, under the SAS system, where it is described as an example of the use of the so-called Taylor linear approximation method.
The degree of under-coverage/over-coverage of population Imputation and removal of records Imputation Unit imputation Item imputation Removal of data records |
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12.2.2. Post-enumeration survey(s) | ||||||||||||||||||
1. The sampling scheme of the post-enumeration survey The post-enumeration census for the Population and Housing Census in 2011 was planned as a sample survey. The sampling frame consisted of dwellings drawn up earlier for the sample survey (2 744 thous. dwellings). The post-enumeration census covered dwellings in which respondents opted for Internet-based self-enumeration, dwellings enumerated directly by census enumerators, or over the phone by statistical interviewers. It also covered dwellings where the census was not carried out, for different reasons, in the period from 1 April to 30 June last. There was an additional condition imposed that a housing unit should have a telephone. This resulted in the reduction of the sampling frame to 1 386 thous.dwellings. The random sample for the post-enumeration census was to include approximately 80 thousand dwellings, i.e. 2.5-3.0% of all dwellings checked in the sample survey. The stratified sampling scheme was used, where strata were defined as described below.
2. Analysis of results of the post-enumeration census. The post-enumeration census was performed for 67 877 dwellings, i.e. for approximately 85% of the sample of dwellings for that survey. The main reason for the failure to perform the survey was the lack of contact and refusals to participate. In order to correctly generalise data, an adjustment of weights from the sampling was made, separately for groups defined as cross-sections of districts and contact channels (which were used in the sample stratification). Adjusted weights were used in further calculations. The effect of the census verification was the assessment of data quality, using the following measurements: - Conformity index (CI), taking into account, jointly, the correlation of results of both surveys and variations of results of each of the surveys. - Relative error (RE) of average values from measurements of each of the variables. The conformity index is a generalisation of the correlation coefficient, generally known in statistics. It measures not only the interdependence of two variables, but also detects differences in standard deviations which characterise variability in individual one-dimensional distributions. However, the conformity index does not measure the shift-level, i.e. the error burdening of results. For this reason, the analysis is accompanied with an additional calculation of simple statistics in the form of relative errors. Such assessments, together with charts of distribution of variation, make it possible to identify systematic error burdening, if any. Below we present some of the values of the conformity index estimators, calculated for the whole country:
The results obtained indicate conformity of both surveys (i.e. sample survey and post-enumeration survey) in respect of the majority of variables analysed. |
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13.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
The census data disseminated by Eurostat are addressed to policy makers, researchers, media and the general public. |
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13.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
No user satisfaction surveys are carried out. User inquiries are handled by the Eurostat User Support service. |
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13.3. Completeness | |||
Depends on the availability of data transmitted by the National Statistical Institutes. |
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14.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
14.1.1. Accuracy overall - Usual residence There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topicData processed under topic Place of usual residence are in compliance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Data processed under the topic Sex are in compliance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. 14.1.3. Accuracy overall - AgeThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Data processed under the topic Age are in compliance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. 14.1.4. Accuracy overall - Marital statusThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on marital status was prepared on the basis of the sample survey and was determined on the basis of responses given by respondents. In the Polish census, information was obtained both for the legal marital status and de facto marital status. - unmarried; - married (including married couples in separation declared by a court, in accordance with the applicable legislation); - widowed - divorced. Polish legislation does not provide for registered partnerships. Partnerships were determined on the basis of de factomarital status. DeFacto marital status was also determined for persons aged 15 and more. The following categories of de facto marital status were defined: -unmarried, i.e. persons who were never legally married and at the moment of the census did not live in cohabitation with another person (a common-law husband or wife); - married, i.e. persons who have entered into legal marriage and the marriage still actually exists.. These persons declared that they formed a community by marriage, irrespective of whether the spouses were enumerated together (in the same dwelling) or separately (e.g. in the case of the absence of one of the spouses due to education, work or the lack of a joint dwelling). * Persons who remained to be legally married but who did not form a community by marriage, under a decision made by one or both spouses, and whose marriage was not dissolved by court (by the adjudication of divorce or separation), were not categorised as married and their de facto marital status was determined in accordance with the respondent's declaration, as being separated, or living in consensual union with another person. -partner - consensual union relationships were defined within the same household, regardless of the legal marital status of persons living in consensual unions; - widowed- persons whose legal marriage ceased to exist as a result of the the spouse’s death and who, at the time of the census, did not live in cohabitation with another person, - divorced - persons whose legal marriage was legally dissolved as a result of a court judgment and who, at the moment of the census, did not live in consensual union with another person; - separated - this category refers to persons who, at the moment of the census: a) were in legal separation and did not live in consensual union with another person, b) were still legally married but neither formed a community by marriage nor lived in consensual union with another person. Polish legislation does not provide for same-sex marriages. As a result, no information was prepared in the Polish census on same-sex relationships, either for legal civil status or for de facto marital status. 14.1.5. Accuracy overall - Family statusThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on FST was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. The family nucleus is defined as two or more persons who belong to the same household and who are related as husband and wife, as partners in a consensual union (unregistered), or as parent and child. Thus a family comprises a couple without children, or a couple with one or more children, or a lone parent with one or more children. This family concept limits relationships between children and adults to direct (first-degree) relationships, that is between parents and children. 1. Partners a) Partners in a married couple b) partners in a consensual union (unregistered). Pursuant to the provisions of the Act of 4 March 2010 on the Population and Housing Census in 2011 (Journal of Laws of 26 March 2010, No 47, item 277), an informal relationship means two persons living in the same household, who did not conclude a marriage in the form provided for under the Polish law, but whose mutual relationship is of a conjugal nature. Polish legislation does not provide for registered partnerships. As a result, no information regarding partners in registered partnerships was provided. 2. Lone parents 3. Sons/daughters The term "sons/daughters" corresponds to the definition of the term "children". A child (son/daughter) refers to a blood, step- or adopted son or daughter (regardless of age or marital status) who has usual residence in the household of at least one of the parents, and who has no partner or own children in the same household. Foster children are not included. A son or daughter who lives with a spouse, with a partner in an informal union, or with one or more own children, is not considered to be a child. 4. Not stated - in the Polish census there are no persons included in that category (there are only persons with an established position in the family, or persons who do not form a family). 5. Not applicable - refers to persons who do not form a family nucleus. 14.1.6. Accuracy overall - Household statusThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topicInformation on HST was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. The Polish legislation does not provide for registered partnerships. As a result, no information regarding partners in registered partnerships was provided. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on CAS was prepared on the basis of the representative survey. The current activity status definition was used in line with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009 of 30 November 2009. In accordance with that definition, the basis for the breakdown of population into employed persons, unemployed, and economically inactive, is work, i.e. the fact of performing, holding, or seeking a job over a specified period of time. In the case of NSP 2011 the reference period was the week from 25 to 31 March 2011. The sequence of selection of individual subpopulations guarantees that each person will be classified under only one of three categories differentiated from the point of view of their status in the labour market. - performed for at least one hour any work for pay or profit, in cash or in kind, i.e. worked as an employee, worked on their own (or leased) agricultural holding, or carried out a self-employment job outside agriculture, and persons who contributed (without remuneration) to the running of a family-owned agricultural holding or a family business outside agriculture; - did not work (for reasons such as, e.g. illness, holiday or vacation, stoppage in the enterprise's activity, bad weather, strike), but formally had jobs as employees or self-employed. Contributing family workers who did not perform work in the reference week were considered as as persons without work. The unemployed comprised all persons aged 15-74 years who met all of the following three conditions: - they were without work during the reference week; - they were actively seeking work in the period from 1 to 31 March, i.e. they had taken at least one of the following specific steps in order to find a job (irrespective of the effects of that action were): answering job advertisements; seeking job through relatives and friends, or directly in enterprises; endeavouring to organize an own workplace; or registering in an employment office as jobseekers; - they were ready (available) to take up work within two weeks following the reference week, i.e. in the period from 1 to 14 April. Persons who had found a job and were waiting to start work within 3 months, and were ready to take it up, were also included in the unemployed category. Persons economically inactive are persons aged 15 years or over who were not classified as employed or unemployed, i.e. persons who in the reference week: - did not work , did not have a job, did not seek a job; - did not work were looking for a job, but were not ready (able) to take up work within two weeks following the reference week, i.e. in the period from 1 to 14 April; - did not work or seek a job, because they had already found a job and were waiting to start it in a period of more than 3 months, or a period of up to 3 months, but were not ready to take it up. Economically active - all persons classified as employed or unemployed, in accordance with the above-mentioned definitions. Within the scope of the topic “Current activity status” (CAS) the breakdown levels and categories of any groups and subgroups regarding persons were applied, whereas: - additionally, category CAS.H 1.2.2. "Unemployed, previously in employment" included unemployed persons for whom no information was obtained as to whether they had worked in the past (because of the absence of a separate code). This category covered 37 656 unemployed persons (8 915 records) after weighting. - category CAS.H 3.2. "Not stated" included persons residing in collective living quarters and homeless people. 14.1.8. Accuracy overall - OccupationThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topicInformation on OCC was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. In accordance with Commission Regulations (EC) No 1201/2009 of 30 November 2009, topics "Occupation", "Industry" and "Status in employment" were based on the same, place of work, identified as the main job. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on IND was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. In accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009 of 30 November 2009, breakdown categories within the topic "Industry (branch of economic activity of the workplace)" (IND) referred to persons who were employed during the reference week (relates to the main job), or were unemployed during the reference week, but had been in employment before (industry they worked in during their most recent employment). There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on SIE was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. In accordance with Commission Regulation (EU) No 1201/2009 of 30 November 2009, the following categories of working persons were defined: - persons hired on the basis of employment contracts (labour contract, commission contract, contract for specified work, appointment, election or posting) by public entities, cooperatives, social and political organizations, trade unions, private enterprises, as well as natural persons and private farms, - persons performing outwork; - apprentices (and persons in traineeships ) with whom work establishments or natural persons entered into a contract on professional training or training in a specific trade, or training to perform a specific job, if they receive remuneration; - persons hired on a family farm or in family business who receive agreed earnings or income (not necessarily in a monetary form), irrespective of the relationship with the household of the farm holder or the owner of family business. The "employee" category was broken down into full-time employees and part-time employees: - full-time employees are those whose regular working hours are the same as the customary hours worked in the entity under consideration, at a given post, or in a given profession/occupation. Full-time employees also include persons who, in accordance with the regulations in force work shorter hours, persons employed on the basis of a service contract or specific task contract, persons elected to a given position, or outworkers if they worked for at least 36 hours in a given week; - part-time employees are persons who, in accordance with a concluded agreement, work shorter hours than the customary hours worked in the entity under consideration, at a given post, or in a given profession/occupation. Self-employed persons. They included: - owners, co-owners and leaseholders of individual agricultural holdings, working on these holdings; - members of agricultural production cooperatives; - agents in all agency systems; - self-employed persons outside the agricultural sector (registered or non-registered); persons on whom registration as self employed (one-person economic activity) was imposed. The self-employed category is broken-down into: -employers (i.e. those employing at least one employee); - self-employed persons not employing any employees. Contributing family workers - persons who without a contractual - earlier agreed - remuneration help in running a family business, including running a family agricultural farm. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on LPW was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. The location of the place of work is the geographical area in which a currently employed person does his/her job. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on EDU was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. Educational attainment refers to the highest level successfully completed in school or in another manner or form, recognised in accordance with the requirements of the educational system. The basis for recognising the specific level of educational attainment was a certificate (diploma) in respect of the level of studies completed, regardless of the method of completion (day studies, evening studies, extramural studies, part-time studies). Information on educational attainment was prepared in respect of all persons aged 15 years and over. 1. Higher education a) with an academic degree, at least a PhD; b) with a Master's degree, MD degree, or equivalent; c) with a degree of B.Eng., BA, B.Econ.Sc. 2. Post-secondary non-tertiary education a) college diploma; b) with leaving certificate (post-leaving certificate studies); c) without leaving certificate. 3. Secondary education a) vocational with leaving certificate; b) vocational without leaving certificate; c ) general with leaving certificate; d) general with leaving certificate. 4. Basic vocational education 5. Lower secondary education 6. Primary education completed 7. Primary education not completed and no formal education The above-mentioned breakdown made it possible to prepare data in accordance with categories in Commission Regulation No 1201/2009 of 30 November 2009. 14.1.13. Accuracy overall - Size of the localityThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic. The size of the locality is determined by the number of its inhabitants. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic. Information on POB was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on COC was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. Both the definition and the list with the official names of countries of citizenship are in accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009 of 30 November 2009. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on YAE was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic. Information on ROY was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. Both the definition and the breakdown categories are in accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009 of 30 November 2009. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic The topic "Housing arrangements" covers the whole population and refers to the type of housing in which a person resided at the time of the census. This covers all persons who are usual residents in different types of living quarters, or who do not have a usual residence and stay temporarily in some type of living quarters, or who are roofless, sleeping rough or in shelters, when the census is taken. Conventional dwellings (HAR_DW) Occupied conventional dwellings Unoccupied conventional dwellings - dwellings not yet occupied in new buildings or in buildings which underwent extension; - dwellings unoccupied because of the change of the tenant for the new occupation (dwellings for rent or for sale); - dwellings unoccupied because of renovation work or waiting for renovation; - dwellings scheduled for demolition, or abandoned for different reasons where it was not decided whether they would be demolished or used for non-residential purposes; - dwellings designed for seasonal or secondary use (second homes); - dwellings leased to a diplomatic or consular mission of another country. This group of dwellings was usually occupied, but occupied by persons not covered by the census (enjoying diplomatic immunity). For this reason such dwellings were considered unoccupied; - dwellings used exclusively for business activities. Other dwellings (H_OTH) - premises which are located in a permanent building (residential or other), built for other purposes than housing and which were not adapted to be used for human habitation. They include e.g. attics, laundries, drying rooms, garages, storerooms, buildings for livestock or utility buildings (stables, cowsheds, barns), or other (hotel rooms, classrooms). - semi-permanent premises, built for housing of a family or an individual person, in principle for a limited period of time - usually a few years, They include e.g. 'containers' or shanties erected for persons affected by an extraordinary disaster (for flood or fire victims), as well as temporary buildings occupied until the new house is built; - temporary premises, e.g. shacks, cabins, huts; - mobile units, e.g. crew wagons, railway wagons, caravans, yachts, houseboats. Collective living quarters (CLQ) There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on TFN was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. 1. Married couple families a) without resident children; b) with at least one resident child under 25; c) with youngest resident son/daughter 25 or older; 2. Consensual union couple families (informal) a) without resident children; b) with at least one resident child under 25; c) with youngest resident son/daughter 25 or older; 3. Lone father families a) with at least one resident child under 25; b) with youngest resident son/daughter 25 or older; 4. Lone mother families a) with at least one resident child under 25; b) with youngest resident son/daughter 25 or older; Polish legislation does not provide for registered partnerships. As a result, no information regarding partners in registered partnerships was provided. 14.1.20. Accuracy overall - Size of family nucleusThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on SFN was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. In accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009 of 30 November 2009, using information on the number of persons in the family, the following categories of families were specified: 1. 2 persons 2. 3 to 5 persons a) 3 persons b) 4 persons c) 5 persons 3. 6 and more persons a) 6 to 10 persons - 6 persons - 7 persons - 8 persons - 9 persons - 10 persons b) 11 and more persons 14.1.21. Accuracy overall - Type of private householdThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on TPH was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. In accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009 of 30 November 2009, using information on household status, the number of persons in the household, and the number and ages of children in the family, the following categories of household were specified: 1. Non-family households a) one-person households; b) multiperson households. 2. One-family households a) Married couple households; - without resident children; - with at least one resident child under 25; - with youngest resident son/daughter 25 or older; b) Consensual union couple households (informal) - without resident children; - with at least one resident child under 25; - with youngest resident son/daughter 25 or older; c) Lone father households - with at least one resident child under 25; - with youngest resident son/daughter 25 or older; d) Lone mother households - with at least one resident child under 25; - with youngest resident son/daughter 25 or older; Polish legislation does not provide for registered partnerships. As a result, no information regarding partners in registered partnerships was provided. 3. Two-or-more-family households 14.1.22. Accuracy overall - Size of private householdThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on SPH was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. In accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009 of 30 November 2009, the following categories of households were specified, using information on the number of persons in the family: 1. 1 person 2. 2 persons 3. 3 to 5 persons a) 3 persons b) 4 persons c) 5 persons 4. 6 and more persons a) 6 to 10 persons - 6 persons - 7 persons - 8 persons - 9 persons - 10 persons b) 11 and more persons 14.1.23. Accuracy overall - Tenure status of householdThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Information on SPH was prepared on the basis of the sample survey. Information refers to the tenure status of the household under which one or more persons constituting a household occupied a given housing unit at the time of the census. - a household with ownership right to a housing unit or a house. This applies to a household whose members occupy their own house or their own dwelling (including households which earlier occupied a dwelling on the basis of a co-operative right to the housing unit (either tenant's right, without the right to sell and without inheritance rights, or owner's right - with the right to sell and with inheritance rights). After the entry into force of the Act of 15 December 2000 on housing cooperatives, the right of separate ownership for such dwellings was established (for one or several persons from the household) by means of an entry into the book of deeds; - a household with co-operative right to the housing unit. This applies to a household which includes a member of a housing cooperative, who has the co-operative right to the housing unit. There is a further breakdown into a tenant's type co-operative right, or an owner's type co-operative right; - a household living in a rented housing unit. This applies to a household which occupies a dwelling on the basis of a lease contract for the dwelling, signed with the owner of the dwelling or with the administrator of the building in which the dwelling is located (including temporary or social housing). This form can be found in all types of ownership of the dwelling, i.e. in dwellings owned by housing cooperatives, in dwellings which belong to gminas, to the State Treasury, to companies, to social housing associations, or to natural persons; - a household living in a sub-let housing unit . This applies in general to a second or third household occupying a dwelling as a lodger, i.e. a person paying rent for a room (or rooms) in a dwelling where there is already an enumerated household of a principal tenant - who either rents the dwelling, or is a member of a housing cooperative, or is the owner of the dwelling; - a household occupying the dwelling as a result of being related to owner, or to the main tenant, or who occupies the dwelling on the basis of a residence entitlement valid for life; - other types of tenure status. This category includes households occupying dwellings: • in buildings owned by religious organisations; • as a compensation for help with household chores, e.g. for looking after the sick, or children, for or giving private tiution; • as a compensation for work in an agricultural holding, or for work in another business run by the owner of the dwelling or the house; • in housing which is provided as charity assistance for persons (families) who found themselves in a difficult housing situation, and who look after the dwellings in return for the assistance provided; •without any legal title, as squatters. On the basis of information regarding tenure status, households were broken down as follows: - households of which at least one member is the owner of the housing unit. This category includes households with right to ownership of a housing unit or a house, as well as those with a co-operative ownership right to the housing unit; - households of which at least one member is the a tenant of all or a part of the housing unit. These include households with a cooperative (but not cooperative ownership) right to the housing unit , or which occupy it under a rental agreement or by renting from an existing tenant; - households which occupy all or part of a dwelling on the basis of another legal title or households which occupy the dwelling on the basis of being related to the owners, or under some other form of tenure. 14.1.24. Accuracy overall - Type of living quarterThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic. Data processed under the topic TLQ are in accordance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. A living quarter is housing which is the usual residence of one or more persons. The terms "Conventional dwellings", "Other dwellings" and "Collective living quarters" are defined as under the topic "Housing arrangements". 14.1.25. Accuracy overall - Occupancy status
There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic The topic "Type of ownership" refers to the ownership of the dwelling and not to that of the land on which the dwelling stands. "Owner-occupied dwellings" are those where at least one occupant of the dwelling owned the dwelling (ownership by natural persons). Dwellings owned by natural persons were dwellings to which a natural person (or natural persons, e.g. spouses) have property rights. The person concerned can be an owner of the entire real estate on which the dwelling is located, or have a share in a jointly-owned real estate, which is a right linked to the separate ownership of a dwelling, e.g. a dwelling located in a building where there is an association of owners of apartments . Property right to an entire real estate or to just a dwelling, with the attributed part of the real estate (the share in the part jointly owned and used) should be disclosed in the book of deeds, and, in the absence of such book, in another document confirming ownership right. "Cooperative ownership" refers to ownership within the framework of a housing cooperative. It applies to dwellings located in buildings owned or co-owned by a housing cooperative. There is a co-operative right of ownership of these dwellings, or tenancy type co-operative right. Excluded from this category were dwellings in respect of which, on the basis of the Act of 15 December 2000 on housing cooperatives, the right of separate ownership was established for one or several natural persons. Consequently, this type of ownership should apply to natural persons. On the other hand, this category includes tied accommodation, where dwellings owned by a housing cooperative are occupied on a tenancy basis by, e.g., a caretaker, or a technician performing maintenance work for the cooperative. These dwellings were classified under the category "housing cooperative". "Rented dwellings" are those where at least one occupant pays a rent for the occupation of the dwelling, and where no occupant owns parts or the whole of the dwelling. These are dwellings occupied on the basis of a tenancy contract, or on the basis of an allocation of tied accommodation (company apartment), dwellings belonging to a gmina, to a company, to the State Treasury, or to a social housing association. Dwellings which belong to: - Gminas. They include dwellings located in buildings which are wholly owned by gminas, as well as those owned by gminas but located in buildings which are joint-ownership real estate (where there is an association of owners of apartments), i.e. dwellings which address the housing needs of all the gmina’s population. This category also includes dwellings which were handed over to the gmina, but which are at the disposal of public utilities, such as: healthcare establishments, social assistance centres, educational establishments, cultural establishments, i.e. dwellings which mainly address the housing needs of the staff working in these establishments. They also include dwellings which were owned by the State Treasury but which were handed over to a gmina in administrative receivership. This category also included dwellings owned by a poviat (local, poviat self-government), which were not owned by any of the gminas, as well as dwellings which were owned by gminas and were administered by a unit specially appointed to manage these housing resources (e.g. a Housing Administration Agency, a Local Authority Houses Management). They should not be identified with dwelling stocks or this unit (see category " companies"). - State Treasury. They include dwellings: • taken over (from former State farms (PGRs), which are part of the assets of the Agricultural Property Agency of the State Treasury; • taken over and which are part of the assets of the Military Housing Agency; • administered by entities subordinated to: the Ministers of National Defence, Interior and Administration, Justice, as well as to the Head of the Internal Security Agency and the Intelligence Agency; • administered by State authorities, State administration bodies, and State control bodies; • given by an entity representing the State Treasury under a usufruct, lease or tenancy contract for use by diplomatic or consular missions of foreign States. - companies. They include dwellings which belong to: • State enterprises, as well as State organisational entities, e.g. research institutes, universities, artistic institutions; • public utility companies, e.g. companies providing city transport, water and sewage systems, central heating supply etc., with the exception of housing administration agencies; • private enterprises, operating as companies or cooperatives, with the exception of housing cooperatives. - social housing associations. Dwellings enumerated here are dwellings located in buildings owned by legal entities which in their names have the term "social housing associations", or an abbreviation "TBS", regardless of whether other entities ( gminas, housing cooperatives, work establishments) participated in the costs of construction of the building against rental of some dwellings (on the basis of a tenancy agreement) to third persons indicated by these entities. - other entities. This category includes dwellings owned by institutions constructing for profit, dwellings which are for sale. but not yet sold to natural persons, or which are for letting. It also includes dwellings owned by religious organisations, associations, political parties, trade unions, etc. 14.1.27. Accuracy overall - Number of occupantsThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Data processed under the topic NOC are in compliance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. 14.1.28. Accuracy overall - Useful floor spaceThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic UFS categories were not used to present the size of dwellings 14.1.29. Accuracy overall - Number of roomsThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Data processed under the topic NOR are in compliance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. Useful floor area of the housing unit also includes the surface of rooms which are used only for business purposes, i.e. those which were enumerated in the number of rooms, as well as the area of other spaces which were used for business purposes if there was no separate entrance to these rooms from the street, from a generally accessible courtyard, or from a generally accessible corridor. The surface area of balconies, terraces and loggias, mezzanines, built-in wardrobes and cubbyholes, laundry rooms, drying rooms, attics, cellars and coal-holes, as well as the surface area of garages are not included in the useful floor space of the housing unit. In village-type buildings, the surface area of the mudroom is usually included in the useful floor space of the housing unit. The mudroom was not considered to be a component of the housing unit and was not included in the useful floor space of the housing unit only when: - the mudroom was the connection between the residential part of the building and the buildings for livestock or utility buildings; - in addition to the mudroom, at the same floor level, there was an entrance hall; - there was more than one housing unit in the building and the mudroom was used jointly as a commonly accessible corridor. The space under the stairs in an individual building was included in the useful floor space of the housing unit when there was only one housing unit in the building. When there were two or more dwellings, then the stairs and the space under the stairs was considered to be a common communication space. In individual houses under construction, but already partially lived-in, only the surface area of rooms and auxiliary rooms which are finished was included in the useful floor space of the housing unit. Data on the useful floor space of dwellings originate from information given by occupants, on the basis of a declaration, or a voluntary presentation of documents, e.g. a tenancy contract, or a household charges booklet, or a plan of the individual house, or measurements of individual rooms (which are the components of the housing unit). A room was defined as a space in a housing unit enclosed by walls separating it from other rooms and reaching from the floor to the ceiling or roof with direct daylight, of an area of at least 4 square metres. "Rooms" are bedrooms, living rooms and dining rooms, as well as kitchens meeting the above-mentioned criteria. Other parts of a housing unit such as entrance hall, hall, bathroom, toilet, pantry, cubbyhole, built-in wardrobe, alcove, conservatory, porch, are auxiliary spaces and not considered to be “rooms”. In the census, rooms proper and kitchens classified as rooms were enumerated separately. From a total number of rooms, rooms used exclusively for businesses purposes were enumerated separately. These were rooms which were used as premises of different companies, offices, legal firms, clinics, studios, workshops, enterprises, etc. These rooms were only enumerated when they were located within a housing unit and they had no separate entrance from the street, courtyard, or generally accessible corridor. 14.1.30. Accuracy overall - Density standard (floor space)There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic No DFS categories were used to determine density standard. 14.1.31. Accuracy overall - Density standard (number of rooms)There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic. Data processed under the topic DRM are in compliance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic. A housing unit considered as having a piped water installation is a housing unit inside which there is a tap with running water. 14.1.33. Accuracy overall - Toilet facilitiesThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Toilet facility is defined as a facility equipped with a flush toilet. The census only enumerated installations within the dwellings from which the wastes are flushed by water from a flushing cistern, connected to a water supply system, regardless of whether this installation was located in a separate room (WC), or in a bathroom. 14.1.34. Accuracy overall - Bathing facilitiesThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Data processed under the topic BAT are in compliance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. A bathroom is a space in a dwelling in which a bathtub or a shower cabin, or both, are installed, together with equipment evacuating wastewater outside the building. 14.1.35. Overall accuracy - Type of heatingThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Data processed under the topic TOH are in compliance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. - central heating from a network, enumerated when heating is provided from a heating plant, power plant, or local boiler rooms, or, alternatively, by using solar batteries (e.g. at the level of a cooperative), servicing more than one building; - individual central heating, enumerated when the source of heating is located in a detached house (a central heaeting. boiler is installed in the house's own boiler room, or in another location, e.g. in the cellar, or if floor heating is installed), or if the source of heating is located in a multi-dwelling building (a so-called single-storey heating system), e.g. a c/h boiler is installed in the kitchen or in the bathroom. 14.1.36. Overall accuracy - Type of buildingThere are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Data processed under the topic TOB are in compliance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic Data processed under the topic POC are in compliance with the definition in Regulation 1201/2009. |
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14.2. Sampling error | |||
14.3. Non-sampling error | |||
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15.1. Timeliness | |||
31/03/2014 |
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15.2. Punctuality | |||
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16.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
Place of usual residence (GEO) Sex (SEX) Age (AGE) Legal marital status/partnerships (LMS) Note: In the Polish census, information was obtained both for the legal marital status and de facto marital status. The legal position regarding marital status for persons aged 15 years and more was defined as marital status pursuant to the law in force in Poland (the Law on Civil Status Acts). Polish law allows marriages for women aged 16 and more and for men aged 18 and more. Household status (HST) Note: Polish legislation does not provide for registered partnerships. As a result, no information regarding partners in registered partnerships was provided. Persons of not stated category living in a household - in the Polish census there are no persons included in that category (there are only persons within the family nucleus, or outside the family nucleus). Type of private household (TPH) Size of private household (SPH) Family status (FST) Type of family nucleus (TFN) Size of family nucleus (SFN) Tenure status of household (TSH) Current activity status (CAS) Under the topic "Current activity status" (CAS) - in group CAS.H2.4. "Homemakers and others", optional breakdown into categories 2.4.1 and 2.4.2 was not used - additionally, category CAS.H 1.2.2. "Unemployed, previously in employment", included unemployed persons for whom no information was obtained as to whether they worked in the past (because of the absence of a separately code). - category CAS.H 3.2. "Not stated" included persons residing in collective living quarters and homeless people. Status in employment SIE. The adopted definition of the concept, as well as the breakdowns, ensure the comparability of results at the EU level. whereas: - in group SIE. 4. Others ("Contributing family workers" and "Members of producers’ cooperatives") optional breakdown into 4.1 and 4.2 categories was not applied. Occupation (OCC) Industry (branch of economic activity) (IND) Location of place of work (LPW) whereas: - in addition, in the codes: PL, PL1 - PL6, PL11- PL63 working persons were also included for which no information regarding their place of work was obtained, adopting the rule that "the Voivodeship of place of residence = the Voivodeship of place of work" (in view of the absence of a separate code for persons working whose place's of work location is not determined). Educational attainment (EDU) Size of the locality (LOC) Country/place of birth (POB) Country of citizenship (COC) Year of arrival in the country (YAE) Place of usual residence one year prior to the census (ROY) Housing arrangements (HAR) Types of living quarters (TLQ) Occupancy status of conventional dwellings (OCS) Type of ownership (OWS) Number of occupants (NOC) Useful floor space and/or number of rooms of housing unit Density standard (floor space– (DFS) Water supply system (WSS) Toilet (TOI) Bathroom (BAT) Type of heating (TOH) Dwellings by type of building (TOB) Dwellings by period of construction (POC) |
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16.2. Comparability - over time | |||
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17.1. Coherence - cross domain | |||
Figures provided by the National Statistical Institutes in the framework of the 2011 Population and Housing Census may differ from those transmitted in other statistical domains due to the cross domain differences in definitions and methodologies used. For additional information please see metadata specific to each domain. |
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17.2. Coherence - internal | |||
Internal coherence is assured by regulations defining breakdowns and definitions of topics (Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009, Regulation (EU) No 519/2010, Regulation (EU) No 1151/2010) |
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The Population and Housing Census carried out in 2011 differed considerably from the 2002 Census Round in the majority of areas which have an impact on the procedures governing individual census tasks and their financing. The organisational breakdown of census offices into a Central Census Office and Voivodeship and Gmina Census Offices remained roughly the same. However, tasks performed by these offices and the number of staff assigned to them were adapted to the new operational formula of the census in 2011. Census costs according to the UN - for the group of countries which opted for a traditional method of census enumeration (Poland belongs to that group), the average census cost per capita was 2.1 nominal USD, and when counted using PPP method (Purchasing Power Parity) it amounted to 5.2 PPP USDs; - compared to the average result in the group, indicators for Poland were respectively: 3.8 nominal USDs and 8.5 PPP USDs. Calculation of census costs for the 2010 census round was done in the same manner. This time Poland was in the group of countries which opted for a mixed method of census enumeration (3 groups were specified: Traditional Census, Mixed Census, and census based on AdministrativeRegisters). In that group: - the average value of census cost per capita was 3.94 nominal USD, and 6.01 PPP USD. - compared to the average result in the group, indicators for Poland were respectively: 3.54 nominal USDs and 5.59 PPP USDs. The above-mentioned data indicate that the Polish traditional census in 2002 was expensive not only taking into account the relationship between 2002 and 2011 costs, but also when compared with other countries, it considerably exceeded average values for the group. Additional national indicators • future value method using the reference rate of NBP (the National Bank of Poland) of 6.75%: 6.28 nominal USDs per capita; • method of calculation according to the average wage increase index between 2002 and 2010: 6.17 nominal USDs per capita. Thus, census costs if the traditional method had been used would have been much higher if costs actually incurred using current organisational and methodological solutions. Forms in 2011 Number of census enumerators in 2011 Census organisation structure |
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19.1. Data revision - policy | |||
19.2. Data revision - practice | |||
Not envisaged |
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20.1. Source data | |||
20.1.1. List of data sources | |||
20.1.1.1. List of data sources - data on persons | |||
Primary data sources for the Population and Housing Census in 2011 (NSP 2011) on persons were administrative registers - register based data sources and data from IT systems - as well as data gathered directly from the population, during a sample survey carried out on a 20% sample (on national scale) of persons living or residing in dwellings randomly drawn (questionnaire based data sources). |
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20.1.1.2. List of data sources - data on households | |||
A primary data source in the Population and Housing Census in 2011 (NSP 2011) on households was a sample survey carried out on a 20% sample (on national scale) of persons living or residing in dwellings randomly drawn (questionnaire-based data sources). |
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20.1.1.3. List of data sources - data on family nuclei | |||
A primary data source on family nuclei in the Population and Housing Census in 2011 (NSP 2011) was a sample survey carried out on a 20% sample (on national scale) of persons living or residing in dwellings randomly drawn (questionnaire-based data sources). |
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20.1.1.4. List of data sources - data on conventional dwellings | |||
A primary data sources on conventional dwellings for the Population and Housing Census in 2011 (NSP 2011) was a sample survey carried out on a 20% sample (on national scale), and information originating from information systems of the public administration. |
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20.1.1.5. List of data sources - data on living quarters | |||
A primary data sources on living quarters for the Population and Housing Census in 2011 (NSP 2011) were data obtained from administrative sources - registers and information systems (register-based data sources). First, administrative data were used, i.e. the National Register of the Official Territorial Division of the country (TERYT). Other data used were data collected in the so-called buildings database, created for the census, on the basis of data originating from current reporting, as well as from a one-off survey, carried out to update data for multi-dwelling buildings. |
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20.1.2. Classification of data sources | |||
20.1.2.1. Classification of data sources - data on persons | |||
04.Combination of register-based censuses and sample surveys | |||
20.1.2.2. Classification of data sources - data on households | |||
04.Combination of register-based censuses and sample surveys | |||
20.1.2.3. Classification of data sources - data on family nuclei | |||
04.Combination of register-based censuses and sample surveys | |||
20.1.2.4. Classification of data sources - data on conventional dwellings | |||
04.Combination of register-based censuses and sample surveys | |||
20.1.2.5. Classification of data sources - data on living quarters | |||
04.Combination of register-based censuses and sample surveys | |||
20.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Data on population and housing censuses are collected every decade, in a reference year that falls during the beginning of every decade |
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20.3. Data collection | |||
An electronic platform was created to be used during the census, containing systems, subsystems, and applications which supported collecting, processing, and disseminating census data. The architecture thus prepared contained an Operational Microdata Base (OMB), an Analytical Microdata Base (ABM), as well asa Metainformation Subsystem, systems supporting the servicing of different data collection channels (CAxI), and an application for the management of completeness of the census (). The following surveys were carried out during the census: - a full - scope survey for the whole population (form - 16 questions) - a sample survey for a sample of 20% of the population (form - 100 questions) - a survey of persons residing in collective living quarters - a survey of homeless persons The first data collection channel was the Internet-based self-enumeration (CAWI), where respondents could verify data obtained by CSO from registers. Respondents could correct data and add missing information. Persons doing self-enumeration via the Internet, having introduced their log-in and password on the CSO website, could access the form for a given household. The validation of respondents was done on the basis of data obtained from administrative registers. Following the introduction of a data combination, a password was generated for the user which made it possible to log-in to the self-enumeration portal. |
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20.4. Data validation | |||
Validation applied to datasets regarding population and dwellings, as well as buildings. It consisted of the updating of the relevant list of dwellings with addresses at the critical moment. As a result, "a dataset of persons to be enumerated" was created. For these persons, a Golden Record was established with census data. The following procedures were used: 1. The following data were aligned: - data on persons - based on the dwellings register after the census - who had a PESEL numbers at the critical moment; information was added regarding children under one year of age without a PESEL number, regarding foreigners without the PESEL number, and regarding other persons without a PESEL number; - individual datasets from the registration of demographic facts valid at the time, regarding deaths and live births were compared with the dataset of persons from the above-mentioned housing register. 2. Records regarding persons of 90+ without a current address of residence, or not residing in the country, were verified. Validation procedures for dwellings and buildings: 1. Analysis from the point of view of records with information not stated. 2. A comparison of data with information obtained in current statistical surveys carried out in the field of housing management and gmina infastructure, and with results obtained during the NSP 2002. |
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20.5. Data compilation | |||
Processing of data obtained in the 2011 Population and Housing Census was done in the Operational Microdata Base (OBM) for personalised data, and in the Analytical Microdata Base (ABM) for anonymised data. The ETL processes model was implemented in the OBM through the following subsystems: - loading of lists - import, cleaning, integration and verification of data - storage of census data - servicing the census frame - servicing CAxI - correcting data - data processing - generating operational reports - export of data (Golden Record) to ABM The Golden Record (GR) contains all variables collected for the census and originating from different channels. The GR has a structure of interrelated tables (Buildings, Dwellings, Collective Living Quarters, Homeless Persons, Emigrants, Households, Families). Cross tabulation was done via identifiers (ID). 1) Data processing - data and metadata loading - data integration - data classification and coding - data validation and editing - creation of secondary data or of new statistical units - weighing of results of a sample survey - calibration of weights - Data Analysis 2) Dissemination of data In view of the functionality of the ABM, secondary variables were calculated there (on the basis of primary variables), as well as secondary objects (households and families). |
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20.6. Adjustment | |||
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