Trips of EU residents - annual data (tour_dem)

National Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)

Compiling agency: National Institute of Statistics


Eurostat metadata
Reference metadata
1. Contact
2. Metadata update
3. Statistical presentation
4. Unit of measure
5. Reference Period
6. Institutional Mandate
7. Confidentiality
8. Release policy
9. Frequency of dissemination
10. Accessibility and clarity
11. Quality management
12. Relevance
13. Accuracy
14. Timeliness and punctuality
15. Coherence and comparability
16. Cost and Burden
17. Data revision
18. Statistical processing
19. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)
 



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1. Contact Top
1.1. Contact organisation

National Institute of Statistics
1.2. Contact organisation unit

Department of Short Term Business Statistics
1.5. Contact mail address

16, Libertatii Avenue. District 5 Bucharest RO-050706 Romania


2. Metadata update Top
2.1. Metadata last certified 30/09/2023
2.2. Metadata last posted 30/09/2023
2.3. Metadata last update 30/09/2023


3. Statistical presentation Top
3.1. Data description

The survey on the "Tourist demand of residents in Romania" is the main tool to obtain data on the tourist demand (domestic and outbound). This survey is carried out according to the Regulation 1681/2019. It is a household survey and data source for Tourism Satellite Account and for Balance of Payments.
3.2. Classification system

Not applicable.
3.3. Coverage - sector

National tourism: domestic tourism and outbound tourism (trips made by residents of the reporting country).
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
3.4.1 Statistical concepts and definitions

See Regulation 692/2011, Delegated Regulation 2019/1681 and Methodological Manual for Tourism Statistics
3.4.2 Additional comments (e.g. country-specific deviations)
3.5. Statistical unit
3.5.1 Statistical unit 

Participation in tourism: the individual.
Tourism trips: the tourism trip with at least one overnight stay made by the individual.
Same-day visits: the SDV made by the individual.
3.5.2 Reporting unit Each person in the selected household (within the age scope)
3.5.3 If other or additional comments, please specify

Filling in the questionnaire was made by discussions with all the household members, or if not possible, the information was obtained from any member of the household who could provide data for other persons within the household.
3.6. Statistical population
3.6.1 Statistical population

Participation in tourism: All residents aged 15 or over.

Tourism trips: All tourism trips of at least one overnight stay made outside the usual environment by the residents aged 15 or over.

Same-day visits: All outbound SDV made outside the usual environment by the residents aged 15 or over [reference year 2022: outbound SDV].
3.6.2 Additional comments (e.g. deviating coverage in terms of age groups, multiple surveys with different subpopulation, inclusion of domestic same-day visits in years where this is not compulsory)
3.7. Reference area

3.8. Coverage - Time

Coverage - Time [data comparable since (YYYY)]

3.8.1 Participation in tourism (Year)

2004
3.8.2 Tourism trips (Year)

2004
3.8.3 Same-day visits (outbound) (Year)

2004
3.8.4 Same-day visits (domestic) (Year)

2004
3.8.5 Additional comments (e.g. longer series for subgroups)
3.9. Base period

Not applicable.


4. Unit of measure Top

Not applicable.


5. Reference Period Top

2022


6. Institutional Mandate Top
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
6.1.1 European level

Regulation 692/2011

Regulation 1051/2011

Delegated Regulation 2019/1681
6.1.2 National level

Statistical Law no. 226/2009 regarding the organisation of official statistics. According to Law no. 226/2009 all individuals and legal units are required to submit data to the INS on request. Sanctions are possible but the INS prefers to use persuasion to gain the necessary data.

https://insse.ro/cms/files/legislatie/hg957.pdf

https://insse.ro/cms/files/legislatie/cadru%20legal/Legea_226_2009_privind_organizarea_si_functionarea_statisticii_oficiale_in_Romania.pdf

 

All statistical data are collected on the basis of national legal acts approved by Romanian Government (i.e the "Programme of Statistical Surveys of National Statistics").
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing

Data are sent also to UNWTO, OECD, European Commission, National Bank of Romania or other international organisations by request.


7. Confidentiality Top
7.1. Confidentiality - policy

All statistics collected and published by INS are governed by the statistical Law no. 226/2009 regarding the organisation of official statistics, published in Romania's Official Journal First part, no. 397/11.06.2009. The Law specifies that: the official statistical services are authorised to ask for and receive free of charge statistical data and information from all natural and legal persons who are located, hold any kind of capital or carry out any type of activity on the Romanian territory.
Also under the provision of this law, INS cannot publish, or otherwise make available to one individual or organisation, statistics that could enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity.
INS has been repeatedly and publicly recognised by the government as fully intellectually independent: it decides by itself which data to collect, which methodology to use, and which results, methodological notes and commentaries are published.
The most important aspects on the organisation of the official statistics in Romanian and English are posted on the National Institute of Statistics Internet website (http://www.insse.ro). Copies of the statistical laws are available in Romanian from the library of the National Institute of Statistics, 16, Libertatii Avenue, Bucharest.

 

https://insse.ro/cms/files/legislatie/cadru%20legal/Legea_226_2009_privind_organizarea_si_functionarea_statisticii_oficiale_in_Romania.pdf

 

Under the provision of the statistical law, INS cannot publish, or otherwise make available to one individual or organisation, statistics that could enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. No government official outside the National Institute of Statistics has access to the data before release to the public.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

The questionnaires are completed only by the investigator, following the direct dialogue with the household members.
Instructions: avoid interviewing in front of strangers and explain that the information is confidential and will only be used for statistical purposes.


8. Release policy Top
8.1. Release calendar

Not applicable
8.2. Release calendar access

Not applicable
8.3. Release policy - user access

Not applicable


9. Frequency of dissemination Top

Quarterly


10. Accessibility and clarity Top
10.1. Dissemination format - News release

No news release is disseminated.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications

Tourism demand of residents from Romania (paper or INSSE website free of charge / quarterly)

http://www.insse.ro/cms/en/publicatii-statistice-in-format-electronic%20

Romanian tourism statistical abstract (http://www.insse.ro/cms/en/content/other-publications - annual),

Romanian Statistical Yearbook" (Link is currently not available).

NIS site http://www.insse.ro/
10.3. Dissemination format - online database

No online database is available.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

No microdata are disseminated.
10.5. Dissemination format - other

NIS added a module about the same-day visitors, in the survey "Tourism demand of residents from Romania"
10.6. Documentation on methodology

Brief details of the methodology are included with the published data. A detailed description of the indicators is available in the Metadata Database (Link is currently not available). The system of official statistics follows international and European quality standards. NIS Romania has adopted the UN Fundamental Principles for Official Statistics as well as the European Statistics Code of Practice.
10.7. Quality management - documentation

Not available


11. Quality management Top
11.1. Quality assurance

Not applicable.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
Restricted from publication


12. Relevance Top
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
12.1.1 European level

See: Regulation 692/2011
12.1.2 Main users on a national level

The main national users are the following: Presidential Administration, Parliament of Romania, Romanian Government and public Administration, Ministry of Economy, National Tourism Authority, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Interior, National Commission for Prognosis, National Bank of Romania, National Institute for research of and development in tourism, other users. The users have no additional data requirements.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

https://insse.ro/cms/ro/content/analiza-gradului-de-satisfac%C5%A3ie-al-utilizatorilor-de-date-statistice-1
12.3. Completeness
12.3.1 Completeness

Compliant with the requirements of Regulation on tourism statistics 692/2011, Delegated Regulation 1681/2019, as well as recommendations laid down in the Methodological Manual for tourism statistics.
12.3.2 If not, please specify why and list deviations from Reg.

Data are compliant with European legislation and Eurostat requirements. All breakdowns and variable forms are provided, according to the EU regulations in force.


13. Accuracy Top
13.1. Accuracy - overall

The estimation of the sampling variance considers the sampling design i.e. the stratification.

Taylor linearization technique for variance estimation was performed, using the ReGenesees package developed by Zardetto (2015, 2022) in the R statistical environment (R Core Team, 2022).

References:

o          R Core Team (2022). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.

o          Zardetto D (2015). “ReGenesees: an Advanced R System for Calibration, Estimation and Sampling Error Assessment in Complex Sample Surveys.” Journal of Official Statistics, 31(2), 177 - 203. https://sciendo.com:443/article/10.1515/jos-2015-0013.

o          Zardetto D (2022). “ReGenesees: R Evolved Generalized Software for Sampling Estimates and Errors in Surveys.” R package version 2.2.

 
13.2. Sampling error

13.2.1 Sampling errors - indicators

Information on Sampling errors may also be provided in the attached file.  Estimated value Coefficient of variation
13.2.1.1 Participation in tourism for personal purposes: number of residents, aged 15 or over, having made at least 1 trip of at least 1 overnight stay (all age groups)

4462312

2.89
13.2.1.2 Participation in tourism for personal purposes: number of residents, aged 65 or over, having made at least 1 trip of at least 1 overnight stay

515332

4.65
13.2.1.3 Tourism trips - Total number of trips

18295209

2.89
13.2.1.4 Domestic trips

16820104

3.02
13.2.1.5 Outbound trips

1475106

8.13
13.2.1.6 Private/Personal trips

17879468

2.91
13.2.1.7 Professional/business trips

415741

10.40
13.2.1.8 Domestic trips spent at rented accommodation

7658929

3.86
13.2.1.9 Domestic trips spent at non-rented accommodation

9161175

3.91
13.2.1.10 Tourism trips - Total expenditure excluding durables and valuable goods

4549484209

3.76
13.2.1.11 Expenditure on accommodation

1317945110

4.57


13.2.2 Additional comments on sampling error

In the process of sample errors calculation because there was only one cluster on the stratum, we applied the collapsing strata method for some indicators.

Thus, for the indicators: 13.2.1.2; 13.2.1.8; 13.2.1.9 the stratum was county (NUTS-3 level). For the indicators: 13.2.1.5 and 13.2.1.7 the stratum was region (NUTS-2 level). For other indicators: 13.2.1.1; 13.2.1.3; 13.2.1.4; 13.2.1.6; 13.2.10 and 13.2.1.11 - the stratum was first stage stratum (NUTS-3-level and area of residence).





 
13.3. Non-sampling error

13.3.1 Coverage errors

13.3.1.1 Over-coverage

Results of the interview with the households determine effect of over-coverage, for example: dwellings do not exist, not occupied, seasonal household, absent all the month, contacted but refused the interview.

Over-coverage rates were estimated on the basis of the annual survey sample, as ratio between number of not-eligible units and number of sampled units. It is 5.70%
13.3.1.2 Under-coverage

Under-coverage rate was estimated as the ratio between number of new permanent dwellings, built in the period end of 2011 (the year of the last census) - end of 2021 and the number of dwellings at the end of 2021 year (Source: Romanian Statistical Yearbook). It is 6.22%


13.3.2 Unit non-response for TRIPS dataset

  Unit non-response
13.3.2.1 Number of ineligible units/ elements

2039
13.3.2.2 Number of eligible units/elements

33751
13.3.2.3 Number of non-contacts

1846
13.3.2.4 Number of refusals

769
13.3.2.5 Number of rejected questionnaires

Not available
13.3.2.6 Number of other types of non-response

357
13.3.2.7 Total non-response (= sum of 13.3.2.3 to 13.3.2.6)

2972


13.3.3 Unit non-response rate

13.3.3.1 Unit non-response rate for TRIPS dataset (= 13.3.2.7 divided by 13.3.2.2)

8.81
13.3.3.2 Unit non-response rate for PARTIC dataset

8.80
13.3.3.3 Unit non-response rate for SDVOUT dataset

Not available
13.3.3.4 Methods used for dealing with/minimising unit non-response

In order to minimize unit non-response, the statistical operators make a few visits to the respondents at different days and time of the days, and they have a letter that presents the importance of the survey and ensuring the confidentiality of the data. Unit non-response are adjusted in the weighting procedure by:   

- re-weighting with inverse of the response rate on response homogenous groups. These groups were built by the combination of the following variables: county (NUTS3 level) and residence area of the household (urban/rural);

- re-weighting by calibration of the weights.


13.3.4 Item non-response

13.3.4.1 Item non-response

Not available
13.3.4.2 Methods used for dealing with/minimising item non-response

Not available


13.3.5 Additional comments on non-sampling error 

Other types of non-response: Persons from selected households left the locality in the analized period of time

Input errors corrected in the validation process.


(in case of second survey please briefly describe 13.3.1-13.3.4 here)


14. Timeliness and punctuality Top
14.1. Timeliness
14.1.1 Participation in tourism

85
14.1.2 Tourism trips

85
14.1.3 Same-day visits (outbound)

85
14.2. Punctuality
14.2.1 Participation in tourism

-2
14.2.2 Tourism trips

-2
14.2.3 Same-day visits (outbound)

-2


15. Coherence and comparability Top
15.1. Comparability - geographical

The statistical data are representative at national level. All geographical areas are comparable.
15.2. Comparability - over time
15.2.1 Participation in tourism

See 3.8.1

The survey was carried out quarterly since 2004 without major changes in methodology.
15.2.2 Tourism trips

See 3.8.2

The survey was carried out quarterly since 2004 without major changes in methodology.
15.2.3 Same-day visits (outbound)

See 3.8.3

The survey was carried out quarterly since 2004 without major changes in methodology.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain

Another data source for comparative analysis is the survey on occupancy in rented accommodation tourism establishments.

The statistical data is compared with the BOP data. Some differences are observed, especially on the post "official travels". After analyzing this survey, compared to the balance of payments, it does not have data on official travel expenses, medical expenses and education expenses. It deployed a special survey to collect data on official travel expenses.
15.4. Coherence - internal

Not applicable.


16. Cost and Burden Top
Restricted from publication


17. Data revision Top
17.1. Data revision - policy

The published data are final. No revision of data is made.
17.2. Data revision - practice

Not applicable


18. Statistical processing Top
18.1. Source data

18.1.1. Source data

18.1.1.1 Source data

Household survey
18.1.1.2 Name of data collection in national language

Ancheta privind cererea turistica a rezidentilor din Romania (ACTR)
18.1.1.3 Name of data collection in English

Survey on tourism demand of residents from Romania
18.1.1.4 Survey vehicle Stand-alone survey
18.1.1.5 If "Embedded in another survey", please indicate which other survey. In case both options were ticked, please describe here separately the approach for PARTIC, TRIPS, SDVOUT

The survey will be filled gradually with other data sources.


18.1.2. Population frame

18.1.2.1 Population frame Population census
18.1.2.2 Update of population frame Other frequency
18.1.2.3 If other frequency or additional comments, please specify

The household suveys carried out by NIS-Romania are based on the use of a master sample EMZOT. EMZOT is a Multifunctional Sample of Territorial Areas, made up by the data registered from Population and Dwelling Census in 2011. It is a database including approximately 1,500,000 dwellings, selected according to probabilistic criteria, serving as sampling frame for all household surveys, in 2015-2024. The master sample of 792 centres of research is distributed in all counties and Bucharest: 450 in urban and 342 in rural area.
18.1.2.4 Coverage errors of population frame

See point 13.3.1


18.1.3. Gross sample size (year, individuals)

18.1.3.1 Gross sample size for trips (= 13.3.2.1 + 13.3.2.2)

35788
18.1.3.2 Gross sample size for participation in tourism

35788
18.1.3.3 Gross sample size for (outbound) same-day visits

35788
18.1.3.4 Additional comments

Not available


18.1.4. Net sample size (year, individuals)

18.1.4.1 Net sample size for trips (= 13.3.2.2 – 13.3.2.7)

30777
18.1.4.2 Net sample size for participation in tourism

30777
18.1.4.3 Net sample size for (outbound) same-day visits

30777
18.1.4.4 Additional comments

8928*4=35712 dwellings/quarter


18.1.5. Sampling design

18.1.5.1 Sampling design Stratified sampling
Systematic sampling
Two-stage sampling
18.1.5.2 If other or additional comments (also when more than one options is chosen in 18.1.5.1), please specify. Links to national methodology documentation can also be inserted here.

The sampling plan is a two-stage sampling of dwellings units. In the first stage, a stratified random sample of 792 areas, Primary Sampling Units (PSUs), was designed after the 2011 Census, using as stratification criteria the residence area (urban\rural) and county (corresponding to NUTS3 level). In the second stage, 8 928 dwellings  are systematically selected from the initial sample of PSUs. All households within each dwelling are included.


18.1.6. Second survey or source

Not available


Annexes:
Population frame
18.2. Frequency of data collection
18.2.1 Frequency of data collection Quarterly
18.2.2 Other frequency or additional comments

Not available
18.3. Data collection

18.3.1. Type of survey

Household survey


18.3.2. Data collection methods

18.3.2.1 Data collection methods PAPI face-to-face (pen-and-paper interview)
18.3.2.2 If other or additional comments, please specify. In case a combination of data collection methods is used, please give an indication of the importance of the different methods (in terms of number of respondents) 

Face-to-face interview
18.3.2.3 Questionnaire in national language (Annex/Link)

ANCHETA CEREREA TURISTICĂ A REZIDENŢILOR în trimestrul ... 2022 (see annex: "Ancheta privind cererea turistica a rezidentilor din Romania (ACTR)")
18.3.2.4 Questionnaire in English (Annex/Link)

Not available
18.3.2.5 Interviewer instructions in English (Annex/Link)

In the Manual with methodological indications, there are special indications for the behaviour of interviewers during the interview - only in Romanian


18.3.3. Proxy interviews

18.3.3.1 Proxy interviews Allowed
18.3.3.2 If "Allowed" or "Only in exceptional cases", please indicate for which variables in particular proxy interviews were used (it not all questions); If 4. "Not applicable", please explain why.

All members aged 15 and over of the selected households are interviewed, but proxy interviews are allowed.
There is no information about the rate of proxy interviews.


18.3.4. Average interview time (The average interview time is X minutes.)

18.3.4.1 Average interview time

30-40
18.3.4.2 Average interview time for respondents that reported trips

30


18.3.5 Second survey or source

Not available


Annexes:
Chestionar ACTR 2022
Manual ACTR
18.4. Data validation
18.4.1 Data validation

Data validation is performed at County Statistics, by checking the correlations logic and executing the control logic. Validated data are transmitted to the NIS and the experts do the control logic. The data validated are sent to the sampling office, in order to calculate the grossing-up coefficients.
18.4.2 Second survey or source (In case a second survey or source is used for collecting data on participation, trips or same-day visits, please briefly describe 18.4.1 here in relation to those surveys/sources)

Not available
18.5. Data compilation
18.5.1 Data compilation

Once the editing procedure is completed the data is weighted on quarterly basis.
18.5.2 Second survey or source (In case a second survey or source is used for collecting data on participation, trips or same-day visits, please briefly describe 18.5.1 here in relation to those surveys/sources)

Not available
18.6. Adjustment

Not applicable.


19. Comment Top

[Optional]


Related metadata Top


Annexes Top