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National reference metadata

Poland

Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.

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Producer prices in industry

National Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)

Compiling agency: Statistics Poland

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Price index of sold production of industry is calculated on the basis of a monthly survey on prices of products and services actually received by purposely selected economic units employing 10 or more persons. The source of information is Report on producer prices of products and services.
The price index reflects the real price changes, the changes in the structure of assortment as well as in the structure of sales on domestic and non-domestic market. Moreover, it fulfils the function as a deflator.

14 June 2024

The price is defined as amount of money received by a producer from a buyer for a unit of product (a good or a service), decreased by the taxes on the product (VAT and excise tax) as well as by applicable rebates and deductions, and increased by subsidies for the products.
On the basis of prices of individual goods – representatives (calculated as quotient of sold value and quantity) the monthly price index of sold production of industry is calculated.
The steps of calculation are described in the item 18.5.
The producer price definition is applicable with requirements of Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (EBS-Regulation), of Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 mentioned above.

The reporting units (responsible for replying to the survey questionnaire) are legal units. They report data on prices which then are weighted by industrial sold production based on KAU as observation unit  

The survey covers about 3000 economic entities employing 10 or more persons.
Units belonging to the population are identified on the basis of the Statistical Business Register (BJS).

Poland.

Month (monthly average price).

Quality assessment of the monthly survey (C-01), which is the data source for prices of sold production of industry, is made annually (according to an annual quality program for the official statistics which was established in line with the internal Regulation of the President of Statistics Poland No. 35 of 28th December 2011 on measurement, evaluation and monitoring of statistical surveys quality.
Quality indicators describing accuracy of monthly survey are available in a quality report.
Data on the price indices of sold production of industry (variables 130201, 130202,130203) are treated as ‘final’ one month after the reporting period.

Data are collected at current basic prices in PLN.

Weighting system is based on:
1. The monthly value of sold production (from the reporting month) for:

  • Representatives of products and services (from the monthly report on producer prices of products and services);
  • Economic entities covered with the producer price survey (from the monthly report on economic activity);
  • NACE Groups, Divisions and Sections B, C, D, E compiled by KAU (worked out on the basis of the monthly report on economic activity);

2. The annual value of sold production for Groups, Divisions and Sections B, C, D, E compiled by KAU obtained from the monthly report on economic activity for December with accrued data for the period from January to December.
Price indices are calculated at the following levels:

  • Representative — price indices are compiled for each product by comparing the price for the current month with the price for the previous month. Individual price indices previous month = 100 are the basis for calculation of price indices at the particular aggregation level:
  • Entity — as a weighted average of individual price indices of representatives with using the value of their sales in the surveyed month as the basis of the weighting system;
  • NACE Groups — as a weighted average of price indices for entities classified to the given NACE Group with using the total value of revenues from sale of these entities in the surveyed month as the basis of the weighting system;
  • Divisions and Sections - as a weighted average of price indices for the lower aggregation levels with using the total value of their sales in the surveyed month as the basis of the weighting system.

Type of index - Monthly price indices are compiled with the previous month = 100. They are aggregated applying a Paasche formula. Price indices on other bases are calculated using a chain method.
Non-response – Treatment for non-response is not applicable. Such phenomenon does not take place because there is no fixed list of the products representation (a representative has to occur in sales in the given month).

The source of data is statistical survey covering economic entities employing 10 or more persons.
The frame on which the source is based is the Statistical Business Register (BJS) supported by the National Official Business Register (REGON).  
The survey is conducted on the basis of a purposively selected sample of reporting units and representative products.
The selection of economic entities for the survey is performed by Statistics Poland, in cooperation with regional statistical office, on the basis of the Statistical Business Register (BJS) supported by the National Official Business Register (REGON). An essential criterion for selection is the annual value of sold production of industrial units employing 10 or more persons. Because of the organizational changes in industry, the preliminary list of units is up-dated annually by regional statistical office in cooperation with Statistics Poland.

Reporting units selected for the survey choose representatives of products within activities they conducted. Firstly, they choose the kinds of activities which together amount to at least 70% of the total annual sales of the unit. Then, on the basis of the current and foreseen structure of production, the reporting unit chooses groups of products taking into account those groups with significant sales value in their industrial activities (it is recommended that the sum of the chosen groups of products amounts to at least 60% of the value of this activity).
Within the chosen groups of products, the reporting unit chooses representatives according to the following criteria:

  • For every CPA group at least two representatives with a significant share of sold value in the group; if the group is very diversified as regards the range, then more representatives are chosen;
  • The list of representatives is updated according to changes in the structure of products in the group;
  • In case of production of products in several types, the representative is given for one particular type;
  • Representatives are only products which were sold in the reference month;
  • Representatives should be produced during a longer period of time.

About 3,000 economic entities are surveyed, of which 80 in Section B, 2,700 in Section C, 100 in Section D and 200 in Section E. On average about 30,000 price quotations are recorded monthly for representatives of industrial products and services.
The sample of reporting units is updated every year (at the beginning of the year).
The sample of products is updated every year (at the beginning of the year) and it is verified monthly depending on needs.

Monthly – both to Eurostat and nationally.

Questionnaires are available on Statistics Poland website. They must be returned through the Reporting Portal by the 14th calendar day after the end of the reporting month.

Data collection is closed 26-30 calendar days after the end of the reporting month.

Data are published nationally and transmitted to Eurostat in 30 calendar days after the reporting month.

The same statistical concepts and classifications are applied in the entire national territory.
Polish Classification of Activities (PKD 2007) is consistent with European Classification of Economic Activities (NACE Rev.2).
Polish Classification of Goods and Services (PKWiU 2015) is consistent with statistical classification of products by activity (CPA ver. 2.1).

When significant changes are introduced (e.g. change of classification, base year or methodology), historical time series are recalculated as far back as it is reasonably possible.
The time series according to NACE Rev. 2 are available from 2000 onwards.