Statistics Poland

Trade and Services Department

Statistics Poland
Al. Niepodległości 208, 00-925 Warsaw, Poland

Output price index in construction for new residential buildings (variable 130201 PPC (STS B310)) is calculated on the basis of the monthly “Report on producer prices of construction and assembly works” and is calculated as a weighted average of price indices for six residential constructions:

• Detached single family dwelling house without basement;
• Detached single family dwelling house partly basement;
• Terrace building – detached single family segment;
• Multi-family residential four-storey building;
• Multi-family residential five-storey building;
• Multi-family residential  fourteen-storey building.

The Polish Classification of Activities (PKD 2007) based on NACE Rev.2;
The Polish Classification of Types of Constructions (PKOB) compliant with the Classification of Products by Activity (CPA).

The survey covers section F of NACE Rev. 2.

The output price index in construction is defined as amount of money received by a producer from a buyer for a unit of product (a construction and assembly work), decreased by the tax on the product (VAT) as well as by applicable rebates and deductions, and increased by subsidies for the products.
On the basis of prices of individual works – representatives (calculated as quotient of sold value and quantity) the monthly price index of construction and assembly work is calculated.
The steps of calculation are described in the item 18.5
The producer price definition is applicable with requirements  of Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (EBS-Regulation), of Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 mentioned above.

Legal unit is treated as a proxy for enterprise. It is both a reporting and observation unit.

The survey covers about 240 economic entities employing 10 or more persons.
Units belonging to the population are identified on the basis of the Statistical Business Register (BJS).

Poland - total territory is covered.

Data in the scope of output prices index in construction are available from 1991, but they are transmitted to Eurostat from 2001.

Up to 2017 the base year  was  2010. Starting from 2018 the base year is 2015.

Data are transmitted to Eurostat as price indices with the base year 2015=100.

Nationally data are disseminated with reference to various base periods, for example - corresponding period of the previous year, previous month of the current year.

Data are collected at current basic prices in PLN.

Month (monthly average price)

Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (EBS-Regulation).

Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 mentioned above.

The legal basis of Statistics Poland's responsibility for collection, processing and dissemination of statistics is the Act on Official Statistics passed on 29th June 1995 with subsequent amendments (consolidated text of Journal of Laws of 2021, item 955). 
Information on surveys is given in the “Statistical Survey Program of Official  Statistics” which exists as an annual regulation of the Council of Ministers.
Data on output prices index in construction are collected on the basis of the “Statistical Survey Program of Official Statistics”, which fulfils requirements of EBS Regulation (previously STS Regulation).

Data on producer prices index of  new residential buildings are transmitted only to Eurostat.

All statistics collected and published by Statistics Poland are governed by the Act on Official  Statistics. This Act establishes the statistical independence of Statistics Poland. Statistics Poland cannot publish, or otherwise make available to any individual or organization, statistics that would allow the identification of data for any individual person or entity.

The question of confidentiality is explained in the art. 10, 38 and 38a of the Act on Official Statistics:

Article 10.

Identifiable individual data collected in statistical surveys are subject to absolute protection. Such data may only be used to prepare statistical studies, compilations and analyses, as well as to create a statistical survey sampling frame by the President of Statistics Poland; making such data available or using them for purposes other than those specified herein is prohibited (statistical confidentiality).

Article 38. 

1. Identifiable unit data obtained in statistical surveys may not be published nor made available.

2. Statistical data obtained in statistical surveys that can be linked and identified as data concerning a specific natural person, as well as information and statistical data characterising economic and financial results of national economy entities conducting economic activity, may not be published nor made available if the given aggregation consists of fewer than three entities or the share of one entity in a given compilation is greater than three-fourths of the whole.

3. In the case of national economy entities, the information and statistical data referred to in sec. 2 may be published if the person authorised to represent a given entity has consented to the publication of specific data characterizing the economic and financial results of that entity.

Article 38a. 

1. The President of Statistics Poland, at the request of entities referred to in Art. 25 25 sec. 1 point 9, justified by the preparation of specific programmes, forecasts and analyses, may provide these entities with identifiable unit data of public finance sector entities within the meaning of Art. 9 of the Act of 27 August 2009 on public finances.

2. The data made available in accordance with sec. 1 may be used only for the purpose indicated in the application, subject to the rules referred to in art. 38 sec. 1 and in Regulation No. 223/2009.1. Identifiable unit data obtained in statistical surveys may not be published nor made available.

Confidential data on prices of construction output are treated in accordance with the policy described in the item 7.1.
The following data are subject to special protection and are not disseminated:

• data for individuals,
• aggregates consisting the values for one or two entities,
• aggregates with the share of one entity higher than the three-fourths of the total value in aggregate.

The individual price indices for new residential buildings are disseminated nationally according to “Editorial Title Plan” accessible on Statistics Poland's website. However, to meet Eurostat requirements, an aggregated price index is compiled and is transmitted to Eurostat according to release calendar announced by Eurostat.

Editorial Title Plan 

Release calendar for news releases including preliminary results

Eurostat Release Calendar

Article  14 point 2 of the "Act  on  Official  statistics" states that shall provide equal, non-discriminatory and simultaneous access to statistical information, and especially to major figures and indicators. Data are released simultaneously to all users and are available on the Statistics Poland’s website (http://stat.gov.pl/en/) in the form of announcement.

Monthly – both to Eurostat and nationally.

Not available as press information, regular or ad-hoc.

Data on output prices index in construction are available in publication Prices of construction and assembly works and constructions (in Polish).

Data are not published in the on-line database. 

No access to micro-data.

Data are sent to Eurostat both to be used in European aggregates as well as to be released as national data.

Documentation on methodology available on Statistics Poland's website  (http://stat.gov.pl/en/):

• Statistical Survey Program of Official Statistics (in Polish),
• Explanatory notes to the questionnaires (in Polish),
• Methodological notes in publication "Prices of construction and assembly works and constructions” (in Polish).

According to article 3 of Act on Official  Statistics - the official  statistics shall ensure reliable, objective and systematic information for the society, the state and public administration bodies and economic entities. Documentation on procedures applied for quality management and assessment is available on Statistics Poland website: Quality in statistics.

The legal basis of the quality measurement and assessment is the internal Regulation of Statistics Poland's President No. 35 of 28th December 2011 which came into force in the 4th quarter of 2012. The quality assessment of statistical surveys is conducted according to an annual quality program for the official statistics which is in line with the Regulation of the Statistics Poland's President No. 35 of 28th December 2011.

Procedures and rules applied in quality assessment and monitoring are based on the ESS Quality Standard, i.e. the European Statistics Code of Practice (CoP). 

The quality of statistical surveys is assessed  by means of standard quality reports and quality indicators recommended in the ESS Handbook for Quality Reports with further amended versions as well as by self-assessment checklist and quality audits and reviews. The price indices for the surveyed month on the level of enterprises are analysed taking into consideration the price indices of construction and assembly works going beyond the scope (80%-110%). The aim of this analysis is to confirm a real movement of price construction and assembly works (a drop or a growth) or to detect incorrect calculation of the index due to errors reported in the questionnaire. When an error is detected, an impact of this error on the index of an enterprise is analysed. If an error causes a change of an index by 1.0 percentage point, the index is corrected starting from the representative level. In the following step, the price index for the enterprise, which reported incorrect data, is calculated. If significant errors within price levels of the representative are found, after closing the survey for reporting month, a reporting unit makes correction of data in the following month by inserting correct data into appropriate line of the questionnaire.

User needs are systematically monitored and taken into consideration while drafting the "Statistical Survey Program of Official Statistics” for the next year. The government and self-government administration, organizations of employers and other institutions, provide opinions on statistical surveys and recommend implementation of the new ones.
Data users, e.g. universities, research institutes, enterprises or individuals may indicate their needs by data inquiries and orders. 
Classification of national data users with an indication of their importance for official statistics, taking into account the purpose of data usage, is the following:

1. key users – government and self-government administration, National Central Bank, Polish Financial Supervision Authority;
2. important users – research institutes, universities, organizations of employers, enterprises, insurance institutions, media;
3. other users – social organizations, professional self-government, economic self-government, trade unions, students, individuals.

User satisfaction survey was conducted at the end of 2013. The survey covered the following data users: government and self-government administration, National Central Bank, Polish Financial Supervision Authority, research institutes, universities, organizations of employers, enterprises, insurance institutions, media, social organizations, professional self-government, economic self-government, trade unions, students, individuals.
User satisfaction survey was carried out via internet. For this purpose, an electronic questionnaire was elaborated and placed on Statistics Poland's server. Questions included in the questionnaire have been adjusted to all data users mentioned above and they comprised, among others, the following issues:

• general information on using statistical data (which data were used, how often and for what purpose),
• assessment of data availability, transparency, timeliness, comparability and level of details,
• evaluation of services provided by Statistics Poland's and assessment of the internet website http://stat.gov.pl/en/,
• assessment of statistical metadata (methodology, glossaries, classification applied, etc.),
• users' needs and expectations concerning disseminated statistics and offered services,
• general assessment of statistics (according to the European Statistics Code of Practice).

The report on user satisfaction is available on the Statistics Poland's website (in Polish).

Data on prices of construction output are complete and consistent with the requirements of Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (EBS-Regulation) and Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 mentioned above as well as short-term statistics methodological manual.

Quality assessment of the monthly survey (C-01b), which is the data source for prices of construction, is made annually (according to an annual quality program for the official statistics which was established in line with the internal Regulation of Statistics Poland's President No. 35 of 28th December 2011 on measurement, evaluation and monitoring of statistical surveys quality).
Quality indicators describing accuracy of monthly survey are available in quality report.

Not relevant.

The response rate is about 86,9%. 
Actions to  increase the rate of response are telephone and e-mail contacts with  reporting units  and analysis of the reasons for their  non-response.

Questionnaires are available on the Statistics Poland's website (http://stat.gov.pl/en/). They must be returned, through  the Reporting Portal by the 14th calendar day after the end of the reporting month. Data collection is closed 26-30 calendar days after reporting month.
Output price index in construction is compiled about 50 calendar days after the end of the reporting month.

100% releases delivered on time to Eurostat according to the scheduled release dates.

The same statistical concepts and classifications are applied in the entire national territory.
Polish Classification of Activities (PKD 2007) is consistent with European Classification of Economic Activities (NACE Rev.2).
Polish Classification of Types of Construction (PKOB) is consistent with Classification of Products by Activity (CPA).

Polish Classification of Goods and Services (PKWiU) is consistent with European Statistical Classification of Products by Activity (CPA).

When significant changes are introduced (e.g. change of classification, weight, base year or methodology), historical time series are recalculated.
Time series are available from 2000 onwards.

Price indices are analyzed and compared with price indices in constructions connected technologically.

The output prices indices in construction are internally coherent. Concepts, definitions and classification for compiling the indices are consistent across all activities covered.

Cost of the NSI – about 3614 hours annually.
Burden of entities – about 3120  hours annually

Data revision policy is consistent with Eurostat recommendations (ESS guidelines on revision policy for PEEIs). According to these recommendations, notice about major changes, e.g. in classification, methodology or base year, is provided in advance of the change. Notice about minor changes is given at the time the change is introduced.
The same revision policy is applied to data released nationally and transmitted to Eurostat.

Data changed in relation to the first released are disseminated with a comment. Data revisions are sporadic.

The source of data is statistical survey covering economic entities employing 10 or more persons.
The frame on which the source is based is the Statistical Business Register (BJS) supported by the National Official Business Register (REGON).  
The survey is conducted on the basis of a purposively selected sample of reporting units and representatives of assembly and construction works. 
The selection of economic entities for the survey of construction prices is purposive and is performed by Statistics Poland, in cooperation with the regional  statistical office, on the basis of the Statistical Business Register (BJS) supported by the National Official Business Register (REGON).

An essential criterion for selection is the annual value of sold production of economic entities employing 10 and more persons and necessity of ensuring representation in every NACE group. The list of entities is next verified by regional statistical office and supplemented with entities which are important at the voivodship (NUTS 2) level whereas entities, which production is less important or which are reluctant to provide information, are removed from the list. Due to continuous changes in the field of construction activity (liquidation, fusions, creation of new entities, changes in the structure of carried out works), the list of surveyed entities is updated annually.

Reporting units selected for the survey choose representatives of construction and assembly works, which are carried out in the reporting month. Selection of groups of works and their representatives is purposive and based on the strictly definite criteria included  in the explanatory notes of  the C-01b questionnaire. In the first place, the reporting unit chooses groups of works, which together amount to at least 70% of the value of works conducted by the enterprise in the area of country. Then the reporting unit from selected groups chooses sub-groups, which the total sum amounts to at least 60% of the value of this groups of works. Within the chosen sub-groups, the reporting unit chooses representatives of works which are the most often carried out and which have the greatest share in the value. Each sub-groups of works should be represented by at least 3 works.
About 300 economic entities are surveyed. On average 3,500 price quotations are recorded each month for selected construction and assembly works.
The sample of reporting units is updated every year (at the beginning of the year) and monthly – if necessary.
The sample of works is updated every year (at the beginning of the year) and it is verified monthly depending on needs.

Monthly

"Report on producer prices of construction and assembly works — C-01b form" is used.
The questionnaire  is filled in by the reporting units on which the reporting obligation was imposed.
All data collection is done by electronic questionnaire. Non-response is monitored by means of the completeness reports.

Appropriate validation procedures are applied on the level of unit data and aggregates as well as before transmission to Eurostat.
Accuracy and reliability of collected price information are under control of the staff of regional statistical office. A special software is used to separate extremely high or low prices and their dynamics. Extreme values are clarified in direct cooperation with surveyed enterprises.
The Statistics Poland's staff analyzes every item index comparing it to the results of business cycle survey in order to check the consistency in trends of price changes.
Before transmission to Eurostat, the structure of the data file and format are checked in detail.

Weighting system is based on:

• the annual value of sold construction and assembly production in 2015 obtained from the monthly “Report on sales construction and assembly production by construction enterprises – B-01 form” – for types of works and sub-groups of construction and assembly works; 
• the model of cost estimates prepared by specialists in construction on the basis of the investment cost estimates from 2015 of the most often realized buildings – for constructions.

For each group of buildings the model of cost estimates is created. On this basis the share  of individual types of works in building is calculated.

Price indices are calculated at the following levels:

• work (representative) – price indices are compiled for each work by comparing the price for the current month with the price for the previous month. Individual price indices previous month = 100 are the basis for calculation of price indices at the particular aggregation level:
• type of works within enterprise – price indices are compiled as a weighted average of individual price indices of representatives. The value of sales of these types of works in an enterprise is used as weight;
• type of works in the scale of country – indices are compiled as a weighted average of price indices of type of works within enterprise. The annual revenues from sale of production of construction in an enterprise is used as weight;
• constructions – price index for building is a weighted average of price indices for a type of works carried out on the given building and the shares of these types of works in the building;
• new residential building – as a weighted average of price indices for six residential constructions.

Type of index - Monthly price indices are compiled with the previous month = 100. They are aggregated applying a Paasche formula. Price indices on other bases are calculated using a chain method.

Non-response – Treatment for non-response is not applicable. Such phenomenon does not take place because there is no fixed list of the works representation (a representative has to occur in sales in the given month).

Seasonal and calendar adjustment procedures are not applied.

Not applicable.