Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
Trade and Services Department (Table 23 of EBS Regulation)
1.3. Contact name
Restricted from publication
1.4. Contact person function
Restricted from publication
1.5. Contact mail address
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
00-925 Warszawa, al. Niepodległości 208
1.6. Contact email address
Restricted from publication
1.7. Contact phone number
Restricted from publication
1.8. Contact fax number
Restricted from publication
2.1. Metadata last certified
29 August 2024
2.2. Metadata last posted
29 August 2024
2.3. Metadata last update
29 August 2024
3.1. Data description
Structural business statistics (SBS) describes the structure, conduct and performance of economic activities, down to the most detailed activity level (several hundred economic sectors). SBS covers all activities of the business economy with the exception of agricultural activities, public administration and (largely) non-market services such as education and health. Main characteristics (variables) of the SBS data category:
• Business demographic variables (e.g. Number of active enterprises)
• "Output related" variables (e.g. Net turnover, Value added)
• "Input related" variables: labour input (e.g. Number of employees and self-employed persons, Hours worked by employees); goods and services input (e.g. Purchases of goods and services); capital input (e.g. Gross investments)
Business services statistics (BS) collection contains harmonised statistics on business services. From 2008 onwards BS become part of the regular mandatory annual data collection of SBS. The BS’s data requirement includes variable “Turnover” broken down by products and by type of residence of client.
The annual regional statistics collection includes three characteristics due by NUTS-2 country region and detailed on NACE Rev 2division level (2-digits).
3.2. Classification system
Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE): NACE Rev.2 is used from 2008 onwards. Key data were double reported in NACE Rev.1.1 and NACE Rev.2 only for 2008. From 2002 to 2007 NACE Rev. 1.1 was used and until 2001 NACE Rev.1
The product breakdown is based on the Classification of Products by Activity (CPA) as stated in the Regulation establishing CPA 2008 and its amending Commission Regulation (EU) No 1209/2014 (from reference year 2015 onwards).
3.3. Coverage - sector
Starting reference year 2021 onwards SBS cover the economic activities of market producers within the NACE Rev. 2 Sections B to N, P to R and Divisions S95 and S96. Until 2007 the SBS coverage was limited to Sections C to K of NACE Rev.1.1 and from the reference year 2008 to 2020 data was available for Sections B to N and Division S95 of NACE Rev.2. From 2013, as the first reference year, to 2020 information is published on NACE codes K6411, K6419 and K65 and its breakdown.
From 2008 reference year data collection BS covers NACE Rev 2 codes: J62, N78, J582, J631, M731, M691, M692, M702, M712, M732, M7111, and M7112.
Since reference year 2018, statistical unit is an "enterprise" in line with definition provided by the Regulation (ECC) No 696/1993 and may consist one or more legal units.
3.5.1. Treatment of complex enterprise
Data treatment
Sample frame based on enterprises
no
Surveying all legal units belonging to a complex enterprise
no
Surveying all legal units within the scope of SBS belonging to a complex enterprise
no
Surveying only representative units belonging to the complex enterprise
no
Other criteria used, please specify
Surveying all legal units within the activity coverage included in tabl. 23 of EBS Regulation and later statistical unit is changed from legal unit level into enterprise level.
Comment
-
3.5.2. Consolidation
Consolidation method
Consolidation carried out by the NSI
yes
Consolidation carried out by responding enterprise/legal unit(s)
no
Other methods, please specify
-
Comment
-
3.6. Statistical population
Target population: in terms of NACE sections B to N, P to R as well as division S95 and S96, frame for identifying units for the population: statistical business register.
3.7. Reference area
Poland.
3.8. Coverage - Time
1996-2022
Table 23 of EBS Regulation: 2008-2022
3.9. Base period
Not applicable.
• Number of enterprises and number of local units are expressed in units.
• Monetary data are expressed in millions of €.
• Employment variables are expressed in units.
• Per head values are expressed in thousands of € per head.
Ratios are expressed in percentages.
2022 - the data refers to calendar year.
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
Starting with reference year 2021 two regulations form the legal basis of SBS:
The Council Regulation No 58/97 has been amended three times: by Council Regulation No 410/98, Commission Regulation No 1614/2002 and European Parliament and Council Regulation No 2056/2002. As a new amendment of the basic Regulation it was decided to recast the Regulation No 58/97 in order to obtain a new "clean" legal text. In 2008 the European Parliament and Council adopted Regulation No 295/2008 and the provisions of this Regulation were applicable from the reference year 2008 to reference year 2020. Regulation No 295/2008 was amended by Commission Regulation (EU) No 446/2014.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
Not applicable.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
Confidentiality policy is based on the statistical act: Act of 29 June 1995 on Official Statistics.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Primary confidentiality rules:
An aggregate cannot be published if the number of units is less than 3 (flag A)
An aggregate cannot be published if share of one dominant unit exceeds 75% (flag B)
7.2.1. Confidentiality processing
Data treatment
Confidentiality rules applied
yes
Threshold of number of enterprises (Number)
2
Number of enterprises non confidential, if number of employments is confidential
yes
Dominance criteria applied
yes
If dominance criteria applied specify the threshold (Number)
75%
Secondary confidentiality applied
yes
Comment
-
8.1. Release calendar
SBS data for 2022 were released on EUROSTAT and Statistics Poland websites.
SBS data for 2022 year were released on EUROSTAT and Statistics Poland websites. Users are informed that the data from surveys of nonfinancial enterprises are being released. The policy provides for the dissemination of statistical data to all users at the same time.
For local units methodological notes are accessible in on-line BDL database.
10.7. Quality management - documentation
No quality management documentation is disseminated.
11.1. Quality assurance
The European Statistics Code of Practice is applied.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
Relevance: the data are transmitted to Eurostat and they are available to other users, either through online publications (Eurostat databases and Statistics Poland News releases) or at request. For some variables data were sent to Eurostat for units with 10+ employed persons.
Accuracy: to minimise the unit non-response rate data are imputed, also using administrative sources.
Timeliness and punctuality: the data are transmitted to Eurostat without delay in accordance with the deadlines laid down by the legal act.
Coherence and comparability: almost full coherence with Business Demography has been achieved, aggregates are always consistent with their main sub-aggregates, last fully comparable time series: 2018 to 2022.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
External users:
- Eurostat, ECB, international organisations etc.
- Data for 2022 are widely available on the Statistics Poland website as news relase
All variables required by EBS Regulation are submitted to Eurostat on time.
Data published at the national level do not differ from the data transmitted to Eurostat.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
Regular surveys related to the user's satisfaction regarding the availability and the quality of the data were not carried out for SBS data 2022.
12.3. Completeness
Data for variables:
240104 Expenses of long term rental and operating leases
240105 Purchases of energy products
250201 Gross margin on goods for resale
260106 Gross investment in intangible non-current assets, other than goodwill
were sent for units with 10+ employed persons.
In special agregate "Knowledge intensive financial services aggregate", there is no value for variable 240102 purchases of goods and services for resale - for NACE section K.
Table 23 of EBS Regulation: data for variables 250113 (Net turnover by product) and 250112 (Net turnover by residence of client) for reference year 2022 were sent for units with 20+ persons employed.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
The period from the first release of the results to the final: 8 months.
13.2. Sampling error
The SAS software and procedure SURVEYMEAN is used for compiling CVs.
13.3. Non-sampling error
The measures taken for minimising the unit non-response: imputation.
The non-sampling error is small.
Table 23 of EBS Regulation: For each unit not-response, data were imputed with the use of VAT data on turnover. The structures of turnover by product and residence of client were compiled on the basis of data collected within the regular survey. The value of turnover recorded in VAT for a given unit non-response was broken down by product and residence of client with use of above mentioned structures. The unit non-response rate was low.
14.1. Timeliness
The time period that elapses between the end of the reference period, and the first release of the data: 10 months.
Table 23 of EBS Regulation: The process from data collection, imputation, compilation up to transmission to Eurostat lasted 13 months.
14.2. Punctuality
No delays of transmission of data to Eurostat.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
Comparability - geographical.
15.2. Comparability - over time
2002-2007 for NACE rev.1.1;
2008-2018 for NACE rev.2
2018-2022 for NACE rev.2 and statistical unit enterprise
Table 23 of EBS Regulation:
2002 - 2007 for NACE rev. 1.1
2008 - 2022 for NACE rev. 2;
2008 - 2015 for CPA 2008
2016 - 2022 for CPA Ver. 2.1
15.2.1. Time series
Time series
First reference year available (calendar year)
1996,
For table 23 of EBS Regulation: 2008
Calendar year(s) of break in time series
2008, 2018,
For table 23 of EBS Regulation: NA
Reason(s) for the break(s)
2008: Change of NACE from rev. 1.1 to rev. 2
2018: Change of the statistical unit, from legal unit to enterprise. Besides that to improve the coherence and comparability in BD and SBS domains, were introduced some modifications in methodology of SBS and BD data compilation.
Length of comparable time series (from calendar year to calendar year)
2002-2007
2008-2017
2018-2022
For table 23 of EBS Regulation: 2008 - 2022
Comment
-
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
Almost full coherence with Business Demography has been achieved.
Table 23 of EBS Regulation: due to the data compilation for different types of statistical units (enterpise, legal unit), inconsistencies were observed.
15.4. Coherence - internal
Aggregates are always consistent with their main sub-aggregates.
The assessment of costs and burden does not cover the statistics for national requirements and other Eurostat's requirements. The NSI compiling only SBS costs: 8000 person-hours. The burden of respondents replying the surveys: 125 thousand person-hours.
17.1. Data revision - policy
The compiled preliminary data could be later revised if it is required. Other revisions are not planned.
17.2. Data revision - practice
The reasons for revising the data transmitted to Eurostat (preliminary versus final data and revising final data) is that final data are available after deadline for preliminary data – it is possible to send to Eurostat only provisional data because it is allowed to correct data by respondents after the 31th October of year T+1 and administrative sources data used for estimation are also available after this deadline. That is why preliminary data differ from final data.
18.1. Source data
The main data sources are statistical surveys, but also administrative data are in use as an addition.
Selection schemes: for variables Number of active enterprises, Number of employees and self-employed persons and Number of employees – census.
The type of questionnaires used in the survey: electronic format, but for microunits the paper format is also possible.
The main data sources are statistical surveys, but also administrative data are in use as an addition.
Administrative data are extracted from a database and transferred to NSI.
Table 23 of EBS Regulation: electronic questionnaire.
18.4. Data validation
In the case of statistical surveys, relationships between variables are checked, there are also performed year-to-year validations. Any doubts regarding the data are clarified by contacting the surveyed unit. The Polish SBS team uses results of surveys conducted by other Statistics Poland departments, and does not participate in them directly.
Validation is also performed between the SBS and BD domains.
At the level of aggregates, validation is carried out according to Eurostat rules.
Table 23 of EBS Regulation: validation rules and checks are applied in the survey information system.
18.5. Data compilation
Method of poststratification with turnover data, obtained from the surveys and administrative sources was used for micro units.
For other units the survey is exhaustive.
For dealing with item and unit with no-response, the information from short-term surveys and administrative data are used.
The hot deck imputation is also applied.
Table 23 of EBS Regulation: survey is mandatory for all legal units with 10 and more persons employed and which carry out activities included in Table 23 of EBS Regulation. In case of units non-response, data are imputed on VAT basis.
18.6. Adjustment
Reference period = calendar year, corrections are not required.
No further comments.
Structural business statistics (SBS) describes the structure, conduct and performance of economic activities, down to the most detailed activity level (several hundred economic sectors). SBS covers all activities of the business economy with the exception of agricultural activities, public administration and (largely) non-market services such as education and health. Main characteristics (variables) of the SBS data category:
• Business demographic variables (e.g. Number of active enterprises)
• "Output related" variables (e.g. Net turnover, Value added)
• "Input related" variables: labour input (e.g. Number of employees and self-employed persons, Hours worked by employees); goods and services input (e.g. Purchases of goods and services); capital input (e.g. Gross investments)
Business services statistics (BS) collection contains harmonised statistics on business services. From 2008 onwards BS become part of the regular mandatory annual data collection of SBS. The BS’s data requirement includes variable “Turnover” broken down by products and by type of residence of client.
The annual regional statistics collection includes three characteristics due by NUTS-2 country region and detailed on NACE Rev 2division level (2-digits).
Since reference year 2018, statistical unit is an "enterprise" in line with definition provided by the Regulation (ECC) No 696/1993 and may consist one or more legal units.
Target population: in terms of NACE sections B to N, P to R as well as division S95 and S96, frame for identifying units for the population: statistical business register.
Poland.
2022 - the data refers to calendar year.
The period from the first release of the results to the final: 8 months.
• Number of enterprises and number of local units are expressed in units.
• Monetary data are expressed in millions of €.
• Employment variables are expressed in units.
• Per head values are expressed in thousands of € per head.
Ratios are expressed in percentages.
Method of poststratification with turnover data, obtained from the surveys and administrative sources was used for micro units.
For other units the survey is exhaustive.
For dealing with item and unit with no-response, the information from short-term surveys and administrative data are used.
The hot deck imputation is also applied.
Table 23 of EBS Regulation: survey is mandatory for all legal units with 10 and more persons employed and which carry out activities included in Table 23 of EBS Regulation. In case of units non-response, data are imputed on VAT basis.
The main data sources are statistical surveys, but also administrative data are in use as an addition.
Selection schemes: for variables Number of active enterprises, Number of employees and self-employed persons and Number of employees – census.
