Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
Statistical Office in Katowice, Centre for Regional Accounts
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
ul. Owocowa 3, 40-158 Katowice, Poland
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
29 December 2023
2.2. Metadata last posted
29 December 2023
2.3. Metadata last update
29 October 2025
3.1. Data description
Regional accounts are a regional specification of the national accounts and are therefore based on the same concepts and definitions as national accounts. Regional accounts are compiled according to the rules of the European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA 2010).
The following accounts are compiled in the Polish regional accounts for NUTS 2 level: the production account and the generation of income account by institutional sectors and NACE Rev. 2 sections as well as the allocation of primary income account and the secondary distribution of income account in the households sector. Additionally, data for social transfers in kind, consumption of fixed assets and final consumption expenditure in the households sector are compiled at NUTS 2 level. Also, at NUTS 2 level and by kind-of-activity, gross fixed capital formation and compensation of employees are estimated for total economy. The following categories are calculated for NUTS 3 level: gross domestic product (GDP) and gross value added (GVA) by kind-of-activity groups (NACE Rev. 2 – A*6).
Additionally, total gross value added and gross domestic product at NUTS 2 level are compiled at previous year’s prices.
Grouping regional accounts data by regions and subregions according to kind of activity as defined by the Polish Classification of Activities (PKD 2007 – Polska Klasyfikacja Działalności PKD 2007) is accomplished by applying the local kind-of-activity unit method, i.e. by the place of residence and main kind of activity of the local unit of the enterprise.
Employment in regional accounts (EMP RA) data are elaborated in the number of persons and hours worked according to the place of work for NUTS 2 level (EMP in persons additionally for NUTS 3 level) and by A*10 breakdown. The main source for EMP RA, the same as for employment in national accounts (EMP NA) main aggregates, are the adjusted results from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and other supplementary data sources. EMP RA is provided for total employment, and also broken down into employees (SAL, which are working by agreement for another resident unit and receiving remuneration) or self-employed (SELF, which are sole or joint owners of unincorporated enterprise in which they work).
Population data (POP) for RA are compiled in thousands of persons, with annual frequency available as of June 30 each year. Since 2010, figures are based on the usual residence definition; prior to 2010, the national definition was used. All population data are compiled using the balance method which use as a base the results of the National Population and Housing Census, as well as administrative records on vital statistics and migration during the intercensal period.
3.2. Classification system
The European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA 2010) provides the methodology on common standards, definitions, internationally harmonised classifications and accounting rules that are used for compiling regional accounts on comparable bases. Other classifications applied:
Polish Classification of Activities – PKD 2007, compiled on the basis of the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community – NACE Rev. 2 for economic activities
Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics NUTS 2024 for grouping data in the regional breakdowns (NUTS level 1, 2 and 3).
3.3. Coverage - sector
Regional accounts describe the total economy of a country in regional breakdown. All units that have their centre of predominant economic interest in the economic territory of that country are covered.
In Polish regional accounts practice, data are compiled by institutional sectors (data for sub-sectors are not compiled) and by NACE Rev. 2 activity (the production account and the generation of income account).
Categories of production account and generation of income account at NUTS 2 level are compiled by five institutional sectors:
non-financial corporations sector, which includes economic entities manufacturing market products (goods and non-financial services) as well as non-profit units, which according to the ESA 2010 meet the criteria for classifying them into the non-financial corporations sector
financial corporations sector, which includes economic entities engaged in financial intermediation, auxiliary financial activity, excluding the Bank Guarantee Fund, entities engaged in insurance activity as well as non-profit units, which according to the ESA 2010 meet the criteria for classifying into the financial corporations sector
general government sector, which consists of institutional units which are non-market producers whose output is intended for individual and collective consumption, and are financed by compulsory payments made by units belonging to other sectors, and institutional units principally engaged in the redistribution of national income and wealth as well as units which are controlled by the sector and accordingly to the ESA 2010 meet criteria for classifying into the general government sector
households sector, which includes own-account workers on private farms in agriculture as well as natural persons working on own account outside private farms in agriculture, employing up to 9 persons and keeping simplified accounting books as well as natural persons obtaining income from hired work and non-earned sources
non-profit institutions serving households sector, which includes: social organisations, political parties, trade unions, associations, foundations and units of religious organisations.
The criteria for classifying a given unit of the national economy into a specific institutional sector are: functions fulfilled in the national economy, kind of activity in the creation of new economic values as well as the way of participation in the distribution of income. The whole institutional unit is qualified to one institutional sector, which means that the local unit is attributed to the same institutional unit as its mother unit. The reason for that kind of treatment is the preservation of comparability of national and regional data within institutional sectors.
Data for the allocation of primary income account and the secondary distribution of income account as well as social transfers in kind, consumption of fixed assets and final consumption expenditure at NUTS 2 level are estimated for the households sector.
At NUTS 3 level GVA by groups of NACE Rev. 2 sections and GDP for national economy are compiled.
EMP RA data refers to the whole economy and breakdowns by groups of NACE section (A*10).
POP data in Poland cover all persons residing on the territory of Poland in accordance with the usual residence definition.
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
Regional accounts data are compiled by applying the concepts, definitions and principles of the European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA 2010). Regional breakdowns are based on the NUTS classification.
EMP RA data are elaborated according to the domestic concept - for the explanation of this concept and more detailed descriptions and definitions of the Polish EMP NA/RA data please refer to the Polish Quarterly National Accounts Inventory – Chapter 7 (population and employment) and 9 (main data sources used) under the link mentioned in point 10.6, the publication Labour Force Survey in Poland and the publication Employment in the national economy (also under the link mentioned in point 10.6) as there are descriptions of the source used for compilation of EMP NA/RA data.
Population is prepared according to the usual residence definition (since 2010) and consists of all persons, nationals or foreigners, who are permanently settled in the economic territory of the country, even if they are temporarily absent from it. A person staying or intending to stay at least one year is considered to be settled on the territory. By convention, the total population excludes members of foreign armed forces stationed in a country. Before 2010 population data were prepared according to the national definition. The difference concerns the criteria for migration for temporary residence which was taken into account in each balance. According to the national definition of residence, the population includes those staying in a given administrative unit for at least 3 months. Immigrants temporarily staying in Poland are not counted as the inhabitants of the administrative unit. Permanent residents of Poland temporarily staying abroad (regardless of the duration of their absence) are included in the population of the given administrative unit.
3.5. Statistical unit
Regional accounts are compiled by applying the following statistical unit definitions:
institutional unit – defined as an economic entity characterised by decision-making autonomy in the exercise of its principal function. A resident unit is regarded as constituting an institutional unit in the economic territory where it has its centre of predominant economic interest if it has decision-making autonomy and either keeps a complete set of accounts, or is able to compile a complete set of accounts (see paragraph 2.12 of ESA 2010)
local kind-of-activity unit (LKAU) is the main classification unit in the Polish regional accounts (see paragraph 2.148 of ESA 2010). It allows for proper allocation of the dimension of conducted economic activities to a definite region.
3.6. Statistical population
The national and regional accounts’ population of a country consists of all resident statistical units (institutional units or local KAUs). A unit is a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of predominant economic interest on the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (one year or more) in economic activities on this territory. National and regional accounts are exhaustive. This means that all resident statistical units are covered. Regional accounts combine data from many sources. To obtain per capita figures, the population as of 30 June was adopted, meeting the residence criterion as defined in the European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA 2010), which assumes a person’s stay in the economic territory of a given country for one year or more. Resident population figures from 2022 include additional estimation of data on the Ukrainian population with UKR status staying on the territory of Poland due to the armed conflict.
The population covered with the LFS (the main data source for Polish EMP RA) is observed through households in Poland. A household is a group of people related by blood or marriage or not related, living together in the same dwelling and maintaining themselves jointly. If one of the persons living together maintains himself/herself independently, he/she constitutes a separate one-person household. Household members include:
persons present in the household, i.e. staying or intending to stay there for 12 months and more - regardless of whether they are registered or not
persons absent (the total duration of actual and planned absence is considered) for up to 12 months (e.g. persons staying temporarily abroad, living in institutional households or other households in the country for less than 12 months).
More information about the LFS can be found in the publication Labour Force Survey in Poland and in the methodological notebook Methodological report Labour Force Survey under the links mentioned in point 10.6. Whereas, the second source used for the compilation of EMP RA data is the survey which covers units with 10 or more persons employed and units in the budgetary sphere regardless of the number of persons employed. More information about the survey is available in the publication Employment in the national economy under the link mentioned in point 10.6.
3.7. Reference area
The reference area for national and regional accounts is the total economic territory of the Republic of Poland. The total economy is broken into regions:
NUTS 1 – macroregions (grouping voivodships or their parts) – 7 units
NUTS 2 – regions (voivodships or parts of a voivodship) – 17 units
The administrative division of Poland (by voivodships) generally corresponds to statistical division by NUTS 2 regions (level 2 of NUTS classification). The exception is Mazowieckie voivodship, which is divided into two statistical units:
Warszawski stołeczny region – comprising of m. st. Warszawa with the following nine powiats: grodziski, legionowski, miński, nowodworski, otwocki, piaseczyński, pruszkowski, warszawski zachodni and wołomiński
Mazowiecki regionalny region – covering the remaining part of the Mazowieckie voivodship.
3.8. Coverage - Time
Regional accounts are compiled on an annual basis. Regional accounts data are available from the reference year 2000 with the exception of data on gross value added at basic prices (volume growth rate based on previous year’s prices), which are available from reference year 2001. Voluntary transmitted data - social transfers in kind, consumption of fixed assets and final consumption expenditure in the households sector – are available from reference year 2020.
3.9. Base period
Not applicable.
Gross domestic product (GDP), gross value added (GVA), compensation of employees, gross fixed capital formation and categories of households’ income are published in national currency (millions of PLN), Euros, Purchasing Power Standards.
Per capita values are published in national currency (PLN), Euros, Purchasing Power Standards.
Employment and population are published in thousands of persons. Employment is also published in thousands of hours worked. Real growth rate of regional gross value added (GVA) is presented as percentage change to previous year (rate).
In Polish databases, regional accounts’ data are presented only in national currency. Real growth rate of regional gross domestic product (GDP) is presented as percentage change to previous year (rate).
The reference period is the calendar year.
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
In Poland, the fundamental legal act regulating official statistics activities is the Act of 29 June 1995 on Official Statistics (Journal of Laws of 2024, item 1799) (the final English version of the act to be updated). The Act defines the principles of conducting statistical surveys, the organisation and mode of them, as well as the scope of the office's related obligations.
The main tasks of official statistics are specified in the annual statistical survey program of official statistics (Polish version only). The statistical survey program of official statistics is established each year by the Council of Ministers, by way of regulation. Regional accounts survey is recorded under the number 1.67.07 Gross domestic product and its elements in the regional breakdown.
The legal basis for the calculation of the regional GDP is the Act of 26 October 2000 on the Method of Calculating Annual Gross Domestic Product (Journal of Laws of 2021, item 151) (Polish version only). The Act specifies the obligation to calculate and declare, by means of announcement in the Journal of the Republic of Poland “Monitor Polski”, the average value of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita for the last three years at NUTS 1, NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 level.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
Polish regional accounts data are used by national and local government, financial institutions including the Central Bank, European Union institutions and research institutions. The regional accounts data are reported to OECD as well as to Eurostat within the ESA 2010 transmission programme of data. There is also an agreement dated 22 December 2021 between the President of NBP (the National Bank of Poland) and the President of Statistics Poland on data sharing.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
Documents defining the principles of proceeding with statistical data and guaranteeing adherence to statistical confidentiality:
Act of 29 June 1995 on Official Statistics (Journal of Laws of 2024, item 1799) – article 10, 12, 38, 39, 54 and 55 (the final English version of the act to be updated)
the internal ordinance No.15 of the President of Statistics Poland dated 20 May 2022 on introducing the policy for handling statistical data.
Regional accounts data are highly aggregated, and there is no threat of disclosing data of a separate statistical unit.
All regional accounts data are released for public use and marked as free.
8.1. Release calendar
Regional accounts data are released according to: release calendar, statistical survey program of official statistics, publication announcements, Editorial Title-Plan of Statistics Poland and regional statistical offices, release calendar of the Knowledge Databases, which are available to all users on the website: Statistics Poland.
POP data transmitted for the purposes of the national and regional accounts are not disseminated nationally.
According to the Act on Official Statistics (see section 6.1.) the results of the calculations, studies and analyses conducted on the basis of the collected statistical data in the statistical surveys of official statistics are publicly available.
The official statistics provide equal and simultaneous access to the output statistical information, in particular to basic values and indicators. The types of statistical information, the forms and dates of their disclosure are determined in the statistical survey program of official statistics.
Data from annual regional accounts are disseminated 3 times a year:
provisional estimations (t+12), in the range of GDP and total GVA at NUTS 2 level
final estimations (t+21), in the range of GDP and GVA by NACE Rev. 2 (groups of sections A*6) at NUTS 2 level
revised data (t+23), extensive dataset from regional accounts at NUTS 1, NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 level.
In Eurostat, the annual regional GDP dataset is released in February of each year. The precise date of release depends on the data availability and national release dates. The regional GDP dataset is treated as a so-called ad-hoc release and is not listed in the release calendar.
When it comes to the EMP RA datasets, data are sent to Eurostat in terms strictly according to the TP ESA 2010, i.e.:
EMP in persons in total by NUTS 2 level at t+12 months
EMP in persons by NACE (groups of sections A*10) and by NUTS 3 level at t+24
EMP in hours worked by NACE (groups of sections A*10) and by NUTS 2 level at t+24.
Furthermore, above mentioned EMP RA data are published in the country approximately one month after regular transmission to Eurostat.
POP data are transmitted to Eurostat in thousands of persons by NUTS 2 level at t+12 months and by NUTS 3 at t+24 months.
Announcement on gross domestic product per capita at the level of macroregions (NUTS 1), regions (NUTS 2) and subregions (NUTS 3), Polish version only:
In case of additional revisions there are ad-hoc releases online, linked to the data.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
There is a regular publication titled Gross domestic product – regional accounts available online for the public, in which more in-depth analysis is carried out. The publication is also available in paper form.
Regional accounts data are released in online databases of Statistics Poland – Local Data Bank and Knowledge Databases. The databases are open and free.
The statistical survey program of official statistics (see also section 6.1.) covers detailed information on both the subjective and objective range of the Polish regional accounts (survey: 1.67.07Gross domestic product and its elements in the regional breakdown) as well as data sources used. Link to the statistical survey program of official statistics (Polish version only):
A detailed documentation of data sources and methods used for the compilation of regional gross value added (GVA) in Poland is available on the Eurostat website:
Documentation on sources and methods referring to Polish EMP NA and RA data is available in the Polish Quarterly National Accounts Inventory – Chapter 7 (population and employment) and 9 (main data sources used). Additional information about sources used for compilation of EMP NA/RA data can be found also in the publications:
Activities focused on quality improvements are in line with the following international and European standards:
Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics
European Statistics Code of Practice (ES CoP)
Quality Assurance Framework of the European Statistical System (ESS QAF)
Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2009 on European statistics.
The quality policy of Polish official statistics and the standard tools for measuring, assessing and monitoring the quality of statistical surveys are presented in the study Vademecum of Quality in official statistics.
The internal ordinance No. 35 of the President of Statistics Poland, dated 28 December 2011, on measuring, evaluating and monitoring the quality of statistical surveys in official statistics introduced quality indicators covering all stages of statistical surveys from designing to dissemination. Different stages of statistical surveys are also evaluated during quality reviews of surveys. These procedures are further supported by conducting statistical surveys in line with the schedules and by completeness reports (response and non-response, reasons for non-response) from statistical surveys.
In the Polish regional accounts, quality is assured by strict application of the ESA 2010 concepts and by thorough validation of the data.
There are also systematically applied validation checks at the level of assessing intermediate results, e.g. checks of changes in variables over time as well as various other comparisons.
The results of dialogue missions and upstream dialogue missions, organised by Eurostat and addressed to national and regional accounts, have an influence on issues connected with the quality of regional accounts.
The main data source for Polish EMP NA and RA data is the LFS, which assures the harmonisation, the comparability and the reliability of all data concerning the labour market.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
In compliance with the ESA 2010 Regulation, Poland provides the Commission with annual reports on the quality of the data transmitted to Eurostat (Eurostat’s assessment of quality of national and regional accounts).
The modalities, structure, periodicity and assessment indicators of the quality reports on transmitted data have been specified in the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/2304 of 19 December 2016.
The implementation of the quality reporting and assessment exercise started in 2017 and is carried out annually. As part of the annual exercise, Eurostat assesses the results, prepares and publishes an overall assessment (Quality report on National and Regional Accounts) based on the national quality reports and other available information.
Quality of data sources used and methods of regional accounts compilations are regularly assessed by Eurostat.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
Regional accounts data provide key information for many users including:
national, regional and local government institutions
financial institutions including the Central Bank
European Union institutions including Eurostat
business community
trade unions and non-governmental organisations
scientific and academic entities
students, analysts, journalists
other international organisations (OECD).
Data from regional accounts are mainly used for the following purposes:
regional policy and analyses, monitoring the eligibility of regions for funding from the Structural Funds
elaboration of policies, strategies and programmes at national level as well as monitoring their implementation
formulation, implementation and evaluation of regional policies and strategies
forecasting
economic research
scientific analyses and enhancing knowledge.
Despite the general satisfaction with the available data, users expect less aggregated regional accounts data as well as data at lower than NUTS 3 level (local levels).
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
Users’ needs and the potential to produce new data are consulted during the preparation of the statistical survey program of official statistics (see section 6.1.). Statistical survey program of official statistics establishes the objective and subjective scope of statistical surveys and responsibilities connected therewith.
The consultation procedure is carried out each year. Consultations are conducted with the authors of the surveys in the field of conducted survey and with users of statistical information. These consultations involve reported needs and the planned scope of surveys for a given year. Statistical offices and representatives of self-government bodies, social organisations as well as trade unions participate in consultations at the regional level. The Social Dialogue Council, Joint Commission of the Government and Local Government and Statistical Council also take part in consultations.
Such comprehensive consultations guarantee that the official statistics delivered to users are reliable, objective, professional, independent and socially useful.
12.3. Completeness
The overall completeness of Polish regional accounts data as required by the ESA 2010 transmission programme of data is high.
In addition to mandatory data, Poland also provides substantial information on a voluntary basis.
Completeness rates of the Polish regional accounts data, reported to Eurostat under the ESA 2010 transmission programme of data, are calculated by Eurostat (Quality report).
13.1. Accuracy - overall
In Polish regional accounts, the NUTS 2 data are more accurate than data estimated at NUTS 3 level.
NUTS 2 data are calculated using more accurate data sources and methods, whereas NUTS 3 data are calculated using simplified methods. NUTS 1 data are obtained as a sum of NUTS 2 level data.
The accuracy of Polish regional accounts data, reported to Eurostat under the ESA 2010 transmission programme of data, is assessed by Eurostat (Quality report).
13.2. Sampling error
Not applicable as regional accounts consist of aggregated data only.
13.3. Non-sampling error
Not applicable as regional accounts consist of aggregated data only.
14.1. Timeliness
The timing of the publication of regional accounts data depends on provisions in national and EU regulations, access to source data and the complexity of the compilation process.
The detailed scope and required timeliness for regional accounts data are defined in the ESA 2010 transmission programme of data.
The deadline for completing calculations in regional accounts results from the complexity of the accounts’ compilation process and the deadlines for completing and approving the primary data sources.
For this reason, the possibilities of shortening the time needed to compile and publish regional accounts data are very limited.
Provisional estimates of gross domestic product/total gross value added at current prices at regional level (NUTS 2) are available within 12 months after the end of the reference year (t+12).
Recently, the time needed for compilation of gross domestic product/total gross value added at previous year’s prices was shortened to 13 months after the end of reference year.
Currently, the deadline for the transmission of basic data from regional accounts to Eurostat is at t+12 or t+24 months, depending on the variable and its breakdown.
The revised final data are used to calculate the average value of GDP per capita for the last three years for territorial units of NUTS 1, NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 level. Data in the form of Statistics Poland President's announcement are published each year by the end of October (t+22).
After the approval of the calculation results, the data are transmitted to the Local Data Bank database and Knowledge Databases to provide users with full and immediate access to extensive data.
Provisional estimates EMP in persons at regional level (NUTS 2) are available within 12 months after the end of the reference year (t+12) and final EMP data in persons are transmitted within 24 months after the end of the reference year (t+24), together with the EMP data in hours worked.
14.2. Punctuality
Dates on which regional accounts data become available are announced in advance and all announced publication dates are met. Data transmission to Eurostat is performed in accordance with the ESA 2010 transmission programme of data.
The transmission of data from regional accounts to Eurostat takes place within the mandatory deadlines – until 31 December. Any problems with the access to the source data or technical problems that may affect a punctual transmission are communicated to Eurostat.
Punctuality indicators are compiled by Eurostat for the Quality report purposes.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
The geographical comparability of regional accounts data is ensured by application of common definitions and compilation standards provided in the European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA 2010).
The compilation of regional accounts, according to the methodology applied both at EU and global levels, gives the opportunity to publish a set of data that enables international comparisons, e.g. gross domestic product according to the purchasing power parity.
Comparability between regions is ensured by application of the NUTS classification – it enables socio-economic analyses and comparisons of Poland’s regions and the regions of the entire EU.
15.2. Comparability - over time
As the data for all reference periods are compiled according to the requirements of the ESA 2010, regional accounts data are fully comparable over time. Also, in the case of fundamental changes to methods or classifications, revisions of long time series are performed, usually going far back into the past.
It is important to note that GDP data revisions at national level also lead to revisions of regional GDP data at the next release, even if the regional source data may not have been revised. If this is not feasible immediately for the whole time series, a break in the time series is shown.
The main data source for EMP NA and RA is the LFS - which may be subject to change due to the methodological modifications in the LFS or availability of the results of the National Population and Housing Census in Poland which constitutes the basis for generalising the LFS results. Breaks occurs in 2003, 2010, 2019: since then, the results of the LFS have been generalised on the basis of the balance of population compiled using, respectively, the results of the Census 2002, Census 2011 and Census 2021, that is why EMP RA data are not completely comparable to the data for the previous years.
In reference to POP data, in Poland data are prepared using the balance method for which a base are the results of the National Population and Housing Census (conducted every 10 years). After the census, population data are recalculated several years back to improve comparability in time series. Breaks in 2010 and 2020 are resulting from the recalculations after Census 2011 and 2021. Additionally break in 2010 occurs due to the fact that data form 2010 were revised according to the usual residence definition. Population data before 2010 are prepared based on national definition for which the difference results from the criteria for migration for temporary residence which was taken into account, i.e. according to the national definition of residence, the population of an administrative unit includes those staying there for at least 3 months. Break in 2022 is a result of inclusion in population number residents of Ukraine with UKR status staying at territory of Poland due to the armed conflict.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
Regional accounts data are broadly coherent with national accounts figures in the main aggregates domain.
For Poland, data on regional GVA and on regional compensation of employees by the NACE Rev. 2 sections are not consistent with the national accounts data, only the total values are consistent. This results from the use of different classification units in regional and national accounts.
In regional accounts the local kind-of-activity unit method is applied, i.e. data by regions and subregions according to the NACE Rev.2 sections are grouped in accordance with the place of residence and main kind of activity of local unit of the enterprise (see section 3.).
Data on output and intermediate consumption are not coherent with the national accounts data. This results from the principle of recording output and intermediate consumption including internal turnover, i.e. jointly with value of products produced by one local unit and destined for further processing in other local units of the same institutional unit (see section 3.1.).
EMP RA data are fully consistent with EMP NA data/main aggregates.
POP RA data are fully consistent with POP NA data.
15.4. Coherence - internal
Regional GDP data are coherent between NUTS 1, NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 level. NUTS 1 data are obtained as a sum of NUTS 2 level data.
EMP RA data are fully coherent internally (with a sum of NUTS, NACE and EMP/SAL/SELF components).
Not available.
17.1. Data revision - policy
Revision policy of official statistical data in the range of the national and regional accounts is available on Statistics Poland’s website:
Statistics Poland aims to implement all recommendations included in the Harmonised European Revision Policy (HERP). Thus, national and regional accounts data are subject of the following revisions:
routine revisions
major/benchmark revisions.
Routine revisions cover all changes that have occurred in the regional accounts from the provisional to the final estimate for a given reporting period. Routine reviews are carried out on an ongoing basis and their scope is made available each time the data are published. In the regional accounts, routine revisions are carried out twice a year. Provisional estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and total gross value added (GVA) at NUTS 2 level are calculated within t+12 and balanced with annual national accounts – first annual estimate of GDP. The sequence of routine revisions regarding regional account data, for calendar year t, is as follows:
final data concerning GDP and GVA by groups of NACE Rev. 2 sections at NUTS 2 level are calculated within t+21 – provisional estimates are revised due to availability of more complete data and balanced with annual national accounts
final revised data of GDP and GVA covering an extensive set of data from regional accounts at NUTS 1, NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 level are calculated within t+23 that covers changes implemented in annual national accounts within notification of general government sector deficit and debt data (EDP notification in October).
Major/benchmark revisions in regional accounts are usually synchronised with revisions in annual national accounts. They are implemented in regional accounts in the release following their implementation in national accounts.
Major/benchmark revisions are carried out for the following reasons:
availability of new data sources and/or new methods
changes of definitions and classifications used to compile national and regional accounts
introduction of new legal acts
implementing or amending the EU regulation on the establishment of a common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS)
conducting new censuses (in relation to the LFS – the main data source for EMP RA).
In the case of major/benchmark revisions, to ensure comparable regional accounts data, multiple years are opened for revision in order to produce the longest possible time series.
17.2. Data revision - practice
Revised data are generally released with explanatory notes. Information on the main reasons for revision and its nature (new source data available, new methods, etc.) is publicly available.
Quantitative assessment of the average size of revision in the Polish regional accounts data, reported to Eurostat under the ESA 2010 Transmission programme of data, is calculated by Eurostat (Quality report, revision rates).
18.1. Source data
In order to ensure both completeness and high quality of regional accounts data, various data sources are used, including (non-exhaustive list):
individual data from statistical surveys conducted by Statistics Poland, in particular:
annual survey of the economic activity of enterprises (data on enterprise and local units)
higher education institutions and their finances
survey on the finances of cultural institutions
current financial results of enterprises and outlays on fixed assets as well as financial assets and liabilities
annual survey - Employed persons in the national economy
quarterly survey - the Labour Force Survey (LFS)
results from the annual report on persons employed, wages, salaries and working time
manufacture of industrial products
research and development activity (R&D)
procurement of major agricultural and forest products
financial results of investment fund companies;
administrative data from:
Ministries
National Bank of Poland
Polish Financial Supervision Authority
Social Insurance Institution
Agricultural Social Insurance Fund
National Health Fund
Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego
National Broadcasting Council
Office of Electronic Communications
Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture
self-government units
National Court Register (KRS).
Data sources used in regional accounts are specified every year in the statistical survey program of official statistics (see section 6.1.) for the survey 1.67.07 Gross domestic product and its elements in regional breakdown (Polish version only).
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Annual. Regional accounts are compiled annually on the basis of many primary and secondary statistics as well as administrative data. Most of the sources for regional accounts compilation are obtained automatically at fixed points in time (see section 18.3.). Others are requested by statisticians at the beginning of the production round.
Additionally, for the EMP RA, the quarterly survey LFS is being used.
POP RA data are compiled on the basis of the censuses with the use of the balance method in intercensal periods. Vital events and migration data used to compile POP data are collected on a quarterly basis.
18.3. Data collection
Regional accounts typically do not collect data by themselves but receive them from other departments or institutions.
Data are collected according to the statistical survey program of official statistics, which is published in the form of a regulation (see section 6.1.). Among others, statistical survey program of official statistics specifies for each survey:
subject
the leading authority or entity
periodicity
objective
detailed scope and subject matter
data sources
entities transferring data
information on the transferred data, including:
the scope of the data with an indication of the entities transferring these data
the level of aggregation
obligatory or voluntary character of the transfer
the form
frequency, date and place of transfer
the methods of observation
types of statistical results, forms and dates of their disclosure.
The system of data collection varies according to the nature of the data source, e.g. administrative data, statistical surveys, accounting statements.
Microdata from external information systems (administrative data) are collected in a protected IT environment designed specifically for this purpose (the Operational Microdata Base, OBM). The authorisation of access to the database is verified on the basis of the statistical survey program of official statistics, statistical compilation plan, methodological work plan and the surveys’ schedules.
Aggregated data from external institutions are collected in the special platform for reporting and analytical purposes (System of Analytical Microdata Base).
Questionnaires for statistical surveys are designed by the respective departments. Statistical surveys data are gathered/transmitted in an electronic form, mainly via the electronic platform for collecting statistical data.
Data from statistical surveys, collected, processed and validated by the respective departments, are transmitted to regional accounts on the basis of internal surveys’ schedules, where dates and means of data transfer are indicated.
Some information is also collected in the form of yearly repeated requests.
18.4. Data validation
Data are validated by the author’s departments of Statistics Poland.
There are systems in place for evaluating and controlling data sources at the stage of collecting statistical reports. Tools are created in the form of on-line applications with built-in logical and arithmetic controls for automatically validating the reports entered by the reporting units.
In the range of regional accounts, there is a set of quality control actions implemented to monitor and prevent errors: analysis of data quality, editing data in order to identify missing entries and potential errors influencing regional GDP. Regional accounts’ intermediate results are compared with other statistical or administrative data that provide similar information on the same domain to confirm data or explain increases/decreases in a given phenomenon. Result checks are also made on the changes in variables over time as well as on other various comparisons. In case of discrepancies or unusual changes, data sets are re-analysed and corrected if necessary.
Poland constantly tests the accuracy of its EMP RA data through a multi-faceted approach. Experts responsible for specific calculations analyse the data and make necessary adjustments to align with ESA 2010 definitions and coverage. Additionally, the country engages in communication with those responsible for compiling source statistics, which may result in data confirmations or corrections. To further ensure accuracy, the country performs a detailed analysis by comparing data for different variables (e.g. persons with hours worked) and domains (EMP RA with EMP NA/main aggregates), which helps detect any potential data issues.
Regarding the POP data, each component of the population balance method is validated quarterly. Data are based on census and updated by vital and migration statistics. Checks on duplication of records and inconsistent records are implemented.
18.5. Data compilation
The same statistical concepts and definitions used in compiling national accounts are applied in regional account compilations.
Local kind-of-activity unit (LKAU) is the main classification unit in the Polish regional accounts. It allows for proper allocation of the dimension of conducted economic activities to a definite region (see section 3.).
The only approach used to compile regional GVA at NUTS 2 level is the production approach. The production account and the generation of income account are compiled for five national institutional sectors at NUTS 2 level (for more details see point 3.3.). At NUTS 3 level only GVA and GDP are compiled using a simplified method. GDP is regionalised proportionally to the GVA at NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 level.
Regional accounts data at NUTS 2 level are compiled using “bottom-up” and “top-down” methods. The sources and methods applied vary depending on institutional sectors.
In regional accounts, calculations of gross domestic product/gross value added at previous year’s prices are conducted only at NUTS 2 level. Calculations are conducted separately for five institutional sectors. In accordance with the ESA rules, double deflation method is applied (except for general government sector and non-profit institutions serving households sector where gross value added or particular elements of gross value added are recalculated). To recalculate individual elements of output, intermediate consumption, and gross value added to previous year’s prices either the regional (preferred if available) or the national price indices are used.
As a rule, the estimation process is performed at the lowest possible level of aggregation to ensure both a high degree of reliability of the estimates and an adequate detail to represent the evolution of the sectors. The methods applied in the compilation process provide comprehensive estimates of GDP, including the non-observed components of the economy.
Documents on the methodology of regional accounts include more detailed description – for related information see point 10.6.
For the purpose of regional accounts, estimates of gross fixed capital formation that are conducted in national accounts according to ESA 2010 rules, are also prepared at NUTS 2 level. Depending on the data sources, the elements of GFCF on NUTS 2 level are obtained directly (investment outlays on fixed assets from SBS) or indirectly (conceptual and exhaustiveness adjustments). Regional GFCF is conducted on the level of sections according to NACE Rev. 2 classification, in current prices.
EMP RA data are prepared according to domestic concept. In Poland, in order to receive this concept, it is necessary to adjust data from the LFS (the main data source) by excluding residents working abroad (outside the economic territory) and by including foreigners working for the Polish employers (non-residents working inside the economic territory) from other source. The data on foreigners working in Poland are additionally taken from the annual Report on persons employed, wages, salaries and working time. Besides, due to the changes introduced by the IESS Regulation (Framework Regulation 2019/1700) in the definition of "employee" in the EU LFS, which excluded persons working in individual agriculture (on farms owned by natural persons) engaged in the production of agricultural products exclusively or mainly for their own use, additional estimates for ESA 2010 needs have to be made in Poland - based on additional information collected in the LFS national survey. The LFS is collected quarterly by NUTS 2 level and annual EMP NA and RA by NUTS 2 are obtained as an average from four quarters (for EMP in persons) and as a sum of four quarters (for EMP in hours worked). Next, in order to expand the elaborated EMP RA data in persons by NUTS 2 to more extended – NUTS 3, Poland uses structure from the secondary survey, i.e. Employed persons in the national economy by NUTS 3 level. Documentation on sources and methods referring to employment data is also available in Polish Quarterly National Accounts based on ESA 2010 methodology and the publication Employment in the national economy under the links mentioned in point 10.6.
Estimations of population are a secondary survey with the use of the balance (component) method. Balance method is applied for development of data on size and structure of the population in the periods between censuses. According to this method the results of the last census are adopted as the initial base, and then the data on vital statistics (births and deaths) and migrations (for permanent and temporary residence) are included in the given period.
18.6. Adjustment
Regional accounts data are adjusted to the national accounts data for the total values (total economy and institutional sectors).
There are no comments.
Regional accounts are a regional specification of the national accounts and are therefore based on the same concepts and definitions as national accounts. Regional accounts are compiled according to the rules of the European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA 2010).
The following accounts are compiled in the Polish regional accounts for NUTS 2 level: the production account and the generation of income account by institutional sectors and NACE Rev. 2 sections as well as the allocation of primary income account and the secondary distribution of income account in the households sector. Additionally, data for social transfers in kind, consumption of fixed assets and final consumption expenditure in the households sector are compiled at NUTS 2 level. Also, at NUTS 2 level and by kind-of-activity, gross fixed capital formation and compensation of employees are estimated for total economy. The following categories are calculated for NUTS 3 level: gross domestic product (GDP) and gross value added (GVA) by kind-of-activity groups (NACE Rev. 2 – A*6).
Additionally, total gross value added and gross domestic product at NUTS 2 level are compiled at previous year’s prices.
Grouping regional accounts data by regions and subregions according to kind of activity as defined by the Polish Classification of Activities (PKD 2007 – Polska Klasyfikacja Działalności PKD 2007) is accomplished by applying the local kind-of-activity unit method, i.e. by the place of residence and main kind of activity of the local unit of the enterprise.
Employment in regional accounts (EMP RA) data are elaborated in the number of persons and hours worked according to the place of work for NUTS 2 level (EMP in persons additionally for NUTS 3 level) and by A*10 breakdown. The main source for EMP RA, the same as for employment in national accounts (EMP NA) main aggregates, are the adjusted results from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and other supplementary data sources. EMP RA is provided for total employment, and also broken down into employees (SAL, which are working by agreement for another resident unit and receiving remuneration) or self-employed (SELF, which are sole or joint owners of unincorporated enterprise in which they work).
Population data (POP) for RA are compiled in thousands of persons, with annual frequency available as of June 30 each year. Since 2010, figures are based on the usual residence definition; prior to 2010, the national definition was used. All population data are compiled using the balance method which use as a base the results of the National Population and Housing Census, as well as administrative records on vital statistics and migration during the intercensal period.
29 October 2025
Regional accounts data are compiled by applying the concepts, definitions and principles of the European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA 2010). Regional breakdowns are based on the NUTS classification.
EMP RA data are elaborated according to the domestic concept - for the explanation of this concept and more detailed descriptions and definitions of the Polish EMP NA/RA data please refer to the Polish Quarterly National Accounts Inventory – Chapter 7 (population and employment) and 9 (main data sources used) under the link mentioned in point 10.6, the publication Labour Force Survey in Poland and the publication Employment in the national economy (also under the link mentioned in point 10.6) as there are descriptions of the source used for compilation of EMP NA/RA data.
Population is prepared according to the usual residence definition (since 2010) and consists of all persons, nationals or foreigners, who are permanently settled in the economic territory of the country, even if they are temporarily absent from it. A person staying or intending to stay at least one year is considered to be settled on the territory. By convention, the total population excludes members of foreign armed forces stationed in a country. Before 2010 population data were prepared according to the national definition. The difference concerns the criteria for migration for temporary residence which was taken into account in each balance. According to the national definition of residence, the population includes those staying in a given administrative unit for at least 3 months. Immigrants temporarily staying in Poland are not counted as the inhabitants of the administrative unit. Permanent residents of Poland temporarily staying abroad (regardless of the duration of their absence) are included in the population of the given administrative unit.
Regional accounts are compiled by applying the following statistical unit definitions:
institutional unit – defined as an economic entity characterised by decision-making autonomy in the exercise of its principal function. A resident unit is regarded as constituting an institutional unit in the economic territory where it has its centre of predominant economic interest if it has decision-making autonomy and either keeps a complete set of accounts, or is able to compile a complete set of accounts (see paragraph 2.12 of ESA 2010)
local kind-of-activity unit (LKAU) is the main classification unit in the Polish regional accounts (see paragraph 2.148 of ESA 2010). It allows for proper allocation of the dimension of conducted economic activities to a definite region.
The national and regional accounts’ population of a country consists of all resident statistical units (institutional units or local KAUs). A unit is a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of predominant economic interest on the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (one year or more) in economic activities on this territory. National and regional accounts are exhaustive. This means that all resident statistical units are covered. Regional accounts combine data from many sources. To obtain per capita figures, the population as of 30 June was adopted, meeting the residence criterion as defined in the European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA 2010), which assumes a person’s stay in the economic territory of a given country for one year or more. Resident population figures from 2022 include additional estimation of data on the Ukrainian population with UKR status staying on the territory of Poland due to the armed conflict.
The population covered with the LFS (the main data source for Polish EMP RA) is observed through households in Poland. A household is a group of people related by blood or marriage or not related, living together in the same dwelling and maintaining themselves jointly. If one of the persons living together maintains himself/herself independently, he/she constitutes a separate one-person household. Household members include:
persons present in the household, i.e. staying or intending to stay there for 12 months and more - regardless of whether they are registered or not
persons absent (the total duration of actual and planned absence is considered) for up to 12 months (e.g. persons staying temporarily abroad, living in institutional households or other households in the country for less than 12 months).
More information about the LFS can be found in the publication Labour Force Survey in Poland and in the methodological notebook Methodological report Labour Force Survey under the links mentioned in point 10.6. Whereas, the second source used for the compilation of EMP RA data is the survey which covers units with 10 or more persons employed and units in the budgetary sphere regardless of the number of persons employed. More information about the survey is available in the publication Employment in the national economy under the link mentioned in point 10.6.
The reference area for national and regional accounts is the total economic territory of the Republic of Poland. The total economy is broken into regions:
NUTS 1 – macroregions (grouping voivodships or their parts) – 7 units
NUTS 2 – regions (voivodships or parts of a voivodship) – 17 units
The administrative division of Poland (by voivodships) generally corresponds to statistical division by NUTS 2 regions (level 2 of NUTS classification). The exception is Mazowieckie voivodship, which is divided into two statistical units:
Warszawski stołeczny region – comprising of m. st. Warszawa with the following nine powiats: grodziski, legionowski, miński, nowodworski, otwocki, piaseczyński, pruszkowski, warszawski zachodni and wołomiński
Mazowiecki regionalny region – covering the remaining part of the Mazowieckie voivodship.
The reference period is the calendar year.
In Polish regional accounts, the NUTS 2 data are more accurate than data estimated at NUTS 3 level.
NUTS 2 data are calculated using more accurate data sources and methods, whereas NUTS 3 data are calculated using simplified methods. NUTS 1 data are obtained as a sum of NUTS 2 level data.
The accuracy of Polish regional accounts data, reported to Eurostat under the ESA 2010 transmission programme of data, is assessed by Eurostat (Quality report).
Gross domestic product (GDP), gross value added (GVA), compensation of employees, gross fixed capital formation and categories of households’ income are published in national currency (millions of PLN), Euros, Purchasing Power Standards.
Per capita values are published in national currency (PLN), Euros, Purchasing Power Standards.
Employment and population are published in thousands of persons. Employment is also published in thousands of hours worked. Real growth rate of regional gross value added (GVA) is presented as percentage change to previous year (rate).
In Polish databases, regional accounts’ data are presented only in national currency. Real growth rate of regional gross domestic product (GDP) is presented as percentage change to previous year (rate).
The same statistical concepts and definitions used in compiling national accounts are applied in regional account compilations.
Local kind-of-activity unit (LKAU) is the main classification unit in the Polish regional accounts. It allows for proper allocation of the dimension of conducted economic activities to a definite region (see section 3.).
The only approach used to compile regional GVA at NUTS 2 level is the production approach. The production account and the generation of income account are compiled for five national institutional sectors at NUTS 2 level (for more details see point 3.3.). At NUTS 3 level only GVA and GDP are compiled using a simplified method. GDP is regionalised proportionally to the GVA at NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 level.
Regional accounts data at NUTS 2 level are compiled using “bottom-up” and “top-down” methods. The sources and methods applied vary depending on institutional sectors.
In regional accounts, calculations of gross domestic product/gross value added at previous year’s prices are conducted only at NUTS 2 level. Calculations are conducted separately for five institutional sectors. In accordance with the ESA rules, double deflation method is applied (except for general government sector and non-profit institutions serving households sector where gross value added or particular elements of gross value added are recalculated). To recalculate individual elements of output, intermediate consumption, and gross value added to previous year’s prices either the regional (preferred if available) or the national price indices are used.
As a rule, the estimation process is performed at the lowest possible level of aggregation to ensure both a high degree of reliability of the estimates and an adequate detail to represent the evolution of the sectors. The methods applied in the compilation process provide comprehensive estimates of GDP, including the non-observed components of the economy.
Documents on the methodology of regional accounts include more detailed description – for related information see point 10.6.
For the purpose of regional accounts, estimates of gross fixed capital formation that are conducted in national accounts according to ESA 2010 rules, are also prepared at NUTS 2 level. Depending on the data sources, the elements of GFCF on NUTS 2 level are obtained directly (investment outlays on fixed assets from SBS) or indirectly (conceptual and exhaustiveness adjustments). Regional GFCF is conducted on the level of sections according to NACE Rev. 2 classification, in current prices.
EMP RA data are prepared according to domestic concept. In Poland, in order to receive this concept, it is necessary to adjust data from the LFS (the main data source) by excluding residents working abroad (outside the economic territory) and by including foreigners working for the Polish employers (non-residents working inside the economic territory) from other source. The data on foreigners working in Poland are additionally taken from the annual Report on persons employed, wages, salaries and working time. Besides, due to the changes introduced by the IESS Regulation (Framework Regulation 2019/1700) in the definition of "employee" in the EU LFS, which excluded persons working in individual agriculture (on farms owned by natural persons) engaged in the production of agricultural products exclusively or mainly for their own use, additional estimates for ESA 2010 needs have to be made in Poland - based on additional information collected in the LFS national survey. The LFS is collected quarterly by NUTS 2 level and annual EMP NA and RA by NUTS 2 are obtained as an average from four quarters (for EMP in persons) and as a sum of four quarters (for EMP in hours worked). Next, in order to expand the elaborated EMP RA data in persons by NUTS 2 to more extended – NUTS 3, Poland uses structure from the secondary survey, i.e. Employed persons in the national economy by NUTS 3 level. Documentation on sources and methods referring to employment data is also available in Polish Quarterly National Accounts based on ESA 2010 methodology and the publication Employment in the national economy under the links mentioned in point 10.6.
Estimations of population are a secondary survey with the use of the balance (component) method. Balance method is applied for development of data on size and structure of the population in the periods between censuses. According to this method the results of the last census are adopted as the initial base, and then the data on vital statistics (births and deaths) and migrations (for permanent and temporary residence) are included in the given period.
In order to ensure both completeness and high quality of regional accounts data, various data sources are used, including (non-exhaustive list):
individual data from statistical surveys conducted by Statistics Poland, in particular:
annual survey of the economic activity of enterprises (data on enterprise and local units)
higher education institutions and their finances
survey on the finances of cultural institutions
current financial results of enterprises and outlays on fixed assets as well as financial assets and liabilities
annual survey - Employed persons in the national economy
quarterly survey - the Labour Force Survey (LFS)
results from the annual report on persons employed, wages, salaries and working time
manufacture of industrial products
research and development activity (R&D)
procurement of major agricultural and forest products
financial results of investment fund companies;
administrative data from:
Ministries
National Bank of Poland
Polish Financial Supervision Authority
Social Insurance Institution
Agricultural Social Insurance Fund
National Health Fund
Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego
National Broadcasting Council
Office of Electronic Communications
Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture
self-government units
National Court Register (KRS).
Data sources used in regional accounts are specified every year in the statistical survey program of official statistics (see section 6.1.) for the survey 1.67.07 Gross domestic product and its elements in regional breakdown (Polish version only).
Data from annual regional accounts are disseminated 3 times a year:
provisional estimations (t+12), in the range of GDP and total GVA at NUTS 2 level
final estimations (t+21), in the range of GDP and GVA by NACE Rev. 2 (groups of sections A*6) at NUTS 2 level
revised data (t+23), extensive dataset from regional accounts at NUTS 1, NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 level.
In Eurostat, the annual regional GDP dataset is released in February of each year. The precise date of release depends on the data availability and national release dates. The regional GDP dataset is treated as a so-called ad-hoc release and is not listed in the release calendar.
When it comes to the EMP RA datasets, data are sent to Eurostat in terms strictly according to the TP ESA 2010, i.e.:
EMP in persons in total by NUTS 2 level at t+12 months
EMP in persons by NACE (groups of sections A*10) and by NUTS 3 level at t+24
EMP in hours worked by NACE (groups of sections A*10) and by NUTS 2 level at t+24.
Furthermore, above mentioned EMP RA data are published in the country approximately one month after regular transmission to Eurostat.
POP data are transmitted to Eurostat in thousands of persons by NUTS 2 level at t+12 months and by NUTS 3 at t+24 months.
The timing of the publication of regional accounts data depends on provisions in national and EU regulations, access to source data and the complexity of the compilation process.
The detailed scope and required timeliness for regional accounts data are defined in the ESA 2010 transmission programme of data.
The deadline for completing calculations in regional accounts results from the complexity of the accounts’ compilation process and the deadlines for completing and approving the primary data sources.
For this reason, the possibilities of shortening the time needed to compile and publish regional accounts data are very limited.
Provisional estimates of gross domestic product/total gross value added at current prices at regional level (NUTS 2) are available within 12 months after the end of the reference year (t+12).
Recently, the time needed for compilation of gross domestic product/total gross value added at previous year’s prices was shortened to 13 months after the end of reference year.
Currently, the deadline for the transmission of basic data from regional accounts to Eurostat is at t+12 or t+24 months, depending on the variable and its breakdown.
The revised final data are used to calculate the average value of GDP per capita for the last three years for territorial units of NUTS 1, NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 level. Data in the form of Statistics Poland President's announcement are published each year by the end of October (t+22).
After the approval of the calculation results, the data are transmitted to the Local Data Bank database and Knowledge Databases to provide users with full and immediate access to extensive data.
Provisional estimates EMP in persons at regional level (NUTS 2) are available within 12 months after the end of the reference year (t+12) and final EMP data in persons are transmitted within 24 months after the end of the reference year (t+24), together with the EMP data in hours worked.
The geographical comparability of regional accounts data is ensured by application of common definitions and compilation standards provided in the European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA 2010).
The compilation of regional accounts, according to the methodology applied both at EU and global levels, gives the opportunity to publish a set of data that enables international comparisons, e.g. gross domestic product according to the purchasing power parity.
Comparability between regions is ensured by application of the NUTS classification – it enables socio-economic analyses and comparisons of Poland’s regions and the regions of the entire EU.
As the data for all reference periods are compiled according to the requirements of the ESA 2010, regional accounts data are fully comparable over time. Also, in the case of fundamental changes to methods or classifications, revisions of long time series are performed, usually going far back into the past.
It is important to note that GDP data revisions at national level also lead to revisions of regional GDP data at the next release, even if the regional source data may not have been revised. If this is not feasible immediately for the whole time series, a break in the time series is shown.
The main data source for EMP NA and RA is the LFS - which may be subject to change due to the methodological modifications in the LFS or availability of the results of the National Population and Housing Census in Poland which constitutes the basis for generalising the LFS results. Breaks occurs in 2003, 2010, 2019: since then, the results of the LFS have been generalised on the basis of the balance of population compiled using, respectively, the results of the Census 2002, Census 2011 and Census 2021, that is why EMP RA data are not completely comparable to the data for the previous years.
In reference to POP data, in Poland data are prepared using the balance method for which a base are the results of the National Population and Housing Census (conducted every 10 years). After the census, population data are recalculated several years back to improve comparability in time series. Breaks in 2010 and 2020 are resulting from the recalculations after Census 2011 and 2021. Additionally break in 2010 occurs due to the fact that data form 2010 were revised according to the usual residence definition. Population data before 2010 are prepared based on national definition for which the difference results from the criteria for migration for temporary residence which was taken into account, i.e. according to the national definition of residence, the population of an administrative unit includes those staying there for at least 3 months. Break in 2022 is a result of inclusion in population number residents of Ukraine with UKR status staying at territory of Poland due to the armed conflict.
