Croatian Bureau of Statistics

Industry Statistics Department/Department of Annual Bussines Statistics and Producer Prices of Industry

Croatian Bureau of Statistics, Ilica 3, 10000 ZAGREB, CROATIA

Enterprises are requested to provide annual information on actual and sold production quantities and production sold value for all products and services described in the PRODCOM based national Nomenclature of Industrial Product (NIP). The NIP has a wider scope then PRODCOM and hierarchically cover all products and services described in the NACE Rev.2 section B to E36 i.e. CPA ver.2 respectively. It is updating annually in line with PRODCOM.

The production sold quantities and values for each NIP code is further split on production sold on non-domestic market. This is mainly used as source to calculate weights needed for the STS Producer Price Indices (PPI) and energy statistics.

Volumes are requested for all products (even for those for which no European obligation exists). For some products, if European chosen unit does not match national needs, volumes in several units might be requested.

For contract activities the number of effective hour is used as volume (this is used for weighting measurement) in addition to fee received for contract work

The data collection is made at the level of the county. Enterprises are split in entities that cover each region (21 Croatian Counties). Several local units might be grouped together if they are in same country.

Due to Covid 19 pandemic outbreak, there was no effect on data collection.

Hierarchical Nomenclature of Industrial Products, 2022 (so called NIP 2022) is used in the PRODCOM survey on industrial production for 2022. NIP code follow the identical structure as PRODCOM comprising in first 6 digit CPA codes, 8 digits PRODCOM codes and further national breakdown on 10 digits level. Part that are not covered by PRODCOM comprise further breakdown of CPA codes.

The NIP 2022 covers all products listed within the Prodcom list 2022 with further national breakdowns and extra products for NACE activities based on CPA Ver 2.1 not covered by PRODCOM list 2021 due to national needs (NACE Rev.2 sections B to E36 are covered). NIP 2022 consist of about 4000.

The NIP is revised every year according to PRODCOM list.

Nomenclature of Industrial Product (NIP) covers sections and divisions from B to E36 of Nace Rev.2 (while Prodcom covers only sections B and C of NACE Rev.2)

In the national PRODCOM survey enterprises and part thereof under above defined coverage with 10 and more persons employed are surveyed.

The PRODCOM based survey in Croatia collects more data than what is required at European level.

Folowing variables are collected on the NIP level: 

The value and the volume of production. The value is expressed in national currency – Croatian 000’ Kuna’s but for the purpose of delivery to Eurostat converted to Euro. The volume is expressed in a unit specified for each NIP product.

The volume unit: the measurement unit, such as kilograms, square metres etc.,to indicate the volume of physical goods produced, while for certain services and subcontracting work effective hours are used to indicate the volume of services under subcontracting produced.

Production type:

• Total Production (the volume of all production of the product, including both the proportion that is sold and the proportion that is retained by the enterprise for adding to stocks, using in further processing etc.)
• Sold Production as the total value and volume of the product sold by the enterprise
• Of which sold production in value and volume sold abroad/exported
• Subcontracted Production In the PRODCOM sense, the production on a fee or contract basis exists if a statistical unit (contractor) produces or processes particular NIP products ordered by a principal who also supplies, free of charge, the material necessary for that production or processing. The production on a fee or a contract basis is the production carried out under special arrangements between an ordering unit (principal) and a producing unit (contractor). In such a production, only the contractor must report the value of the actual production of industrial products according to the contract, that is, in the country where the production actually took place, in order to avoid double presentation of data. In these cases, the contractor reports the production under the same codes of NIP products as for the production on own account, while, concerning the industrial products sold, he presents only the value of the fee actually paid by a principal for a service of production. In any arrangement for the production or processing on the contract basis, the principal and the producer must belong to different enterprises (business entities), for, according to the definitions of the PRODCOM Statistical Standards, the production or processing on a contract basis between local units belonging to the same enterprise is not possible.

Only production carried out within national border is reported.

The industrial enterprise and industrial parts of non-industrial enterprises (KAU) is the observation unit surveyed by the CBS. Additionally, enterprises and parts thereof are split in entities that cover each region (21 Croatian Counties). Several local units might be grouped together if they are in same county (kind of broad Local unit) due to national needs (data on county levels).

The production for each Prodcom product from all surveyed enterprises and part thereof in the Croatia is aggregated before the results are sent to Eurostat.

The survey population of the reference period shall be enterprises whose principal activity or one of its secondary activities with 10 or more persons employed is listed in section B, C, D and E36 of the NACE Rev.2. For bakeries and printing, the number of persons employed is to be reduced to get significant coverage of turnover of the division.

Croatian national territory is surveyed.

Since 1995 for PRODCOM annual data

Not applicable.

Volume: in physical units e.g kg, m2, number of items, effective hours, etc.) that is appropriate for the product

Value: in 000’ Croatian Kuna’s.

Annual data (for all products) for 2022.

The Croatian Bureau of Statistics is the main producer, disseminator and coordinator of the official statistics system of the Republic of Croatia.

The tasks of producing agencies in Croatia were established by the Official Statistics Act (Official Gazette, No. 25/20).The producers of official statistics have the right to collect data from all available sources.

Statistical activities have been established by the Programme of Statistical Activities of the Republic of Croatia (PSA) 2013-2017 (Official Gazette No.69/13) avaliable on CBS web-site: Programme of Statistical Activities of the Republic of Croatia

Statistical standards for the PRODCOM survey on industrial production, available on CBS web-site (only in Croatian).

Nomenclature of Industrial Product (NIP 2022)available on CBS under KLASUS web-page (only in Croatian).

Information on new EBS Regulation avaliable on:

EUR-Lex - 32020R1197 - EN - EUR-Lex (europa.eu) 

EUR-Lex - 32019R2152 - EN - EUR-Lex (europa.eu) 

EU implementing regulation 2022/2552 (PRODCOM List 2022)

Croatian PRODCOM data are regularly delivering to Eurostat.

The statistical confidentiality of Croatian CBS is regulated by:

• Official Statistics Act, OG, Nos 25/20
• Ordinance on the Access to Confidential Data of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics within the System of Official Statistics (defines conditions of handing over of confidential statistical data of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics to other producers of official statistics in the Republic of Croatia as well as methods of applying the safekeeping measures of the confidential statistical data handed over to the Bureau by other producers of the official statistics in the Republic of Croatia)
• Instruction on the Protection Rules and Methods for the Dissemination of Official Statistics of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics (regulates the rules and methods for ensuring the dissemination of official statistical data within the scope of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics in the form and manner that protect the statistical unit from direct or indirect identification)
• Ordinance on the Conditions and Terms of Access and Use of confidetial Statistical Data of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics for Scientific Purposes (defines conditions and terms of permitting the access to confidential statistical data of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics for scientific purposes)
• Instruction on the Method of Protection of Confidental Statistical Data in the Croatian Bureau of Statistics (regulates procedures and measures for storing and protecting statistical data by applying physical, technical and organizational measures required to ensure statistical data from unauhorised access, alteration, loss or destruction, responsibility implementing measures and protection procedures and other issues relevant to the security of statistical data).

However, Croatia is applying passive confidentiality for dissemination of PRODCOM based results.

Confidential data are not published. The minimum number of units for which data should be kept confidential, in practice, is less than 3 units.

Relevant for PRODCOM: if enterprise does not request specifically that their data are confidential, then all data are considered public. The result of this policy is that Croatian Bureau of Statistics is able to publish almost all data, excepts the production for one PRODCOM code referring to kind of cement (only one producer, asking specifically for the data to be confidentialised).

The Calendar of Statistical Data Issues for 2022 provides a precise overview of the publications due to be released by the CBS for the entire statistical year, one year in advance. According to the Official Statistics Act, the release date of the Calendar is three months prior to the release date of the first publication of the following year. The release date is usually in October. It is bilingual and published on CBS website in pdf format, free of charge.

Release calendar  for 2023 accessible free of charge.

CBS publications including first releases are announced in advance and have to be released in accordance with the plan announced in the Calendar of Statistical Data Issues, and be available on the CBS website to all users, precisely at 11 o'clock on the set date. Every departure from the plan disclosed in the Calendar shall be previously announced, an explanation shall be given, and new release date shall be set.

Consequently, all issues of publications including first releases are released on the CBS website simultaneously to all users, and are available both, in Croatian and English language. Users can download the data and read the first release at the same time. No users have prior access to the release data prior to their release on CBS website, precisely at 11 o'clock on the set date.

Annually.

First releases are available on a annual basis to all users, free of charge, at 11 a.m. on announced day as per the Calendar on CBS web-site, as well as in paper format (on request).

Titled as First Release No 2.1.5 - "Production and Sale of Industrial Products (PRODCOM), 2022, First Results, 2022".  

Level: the Republic of Croatia, Counties. Date of publishing: 30 st, September 2022

Statistical Report, No 1714“Industrial Production in 2022, Annual PRODCOM Results” as comprehensive very detailed publication, 1 issue per year

Date of publishing: 29th of March, 2024  it will be avaliable on CBS link web-site.

Not available.

Not available.

Not available.

Methodological explanations are also available in other monthly or yearly publications which include the PRODCOM based data.

Concepts, definitions used in the survey are specified in the Statistical Standards for the Annual PRODCOM Survey on Industrial production is available free of charge on CBS website.

PRODCOM based Nomenclature of Industrial Products, 2022 (NIP 2022) is available free of charge on CBS website (Croatian and English versions) in KLASUS aplications.

PRODCOM based quality reports are also available internally following ESMS and ESQRS formats within Quality Database, currently available only in Croatian language. It will be posted on CBS web-site dedicated to quality during March 2023.

Documentation on procedures applied for quality management and quality assessment are developed in line with SIMS v.1 structure. Quality database is developed and in use but data are avaliable only on Croatian language. Quality reports for PRODCOM are available only internally (on the CBS Intranet).

Quality and performance indicators are also calculating within Qualitay Databese aplications in line with EC requirements.

Handbook for calculating key quality indicators, Methodological Guidelines No 73, CBS, Zagreb 2015 is published and available on the CBS web-site.

The Croatian Statistics created tools for quality assurance within the IPA project. The model for monitoring quality is established within Quality Database application and now is fully operational. The database content is based on the exhaustive list of quality information, which is further based on two widely accepted ESS structures, ESMS and ESQRS. There are approximately 100 items included in the database.

Link to metadata: https://dzs.gov.hr/industry/894

Croatia has strong quality measurement system with plausibility checks and consistency checks which are incorporated in national data validation system. Data are also confronting with previous year data and monthly production statistics. 

Additionally, Eurostat applies data checks for all member states by comparing unit values across countries and comparing historical and current data and with additional checks. Any anomalies identified are reported to the Croatia for explanation or correction.  

Finally, if users question the accuracy of data, subject matter department is oblige to investigate it. 

Due to Covid 19 pandemic outbreak, there was no effect on data collection.

PRODCOM is highly relevant for national and international users as well as internally (as for input to input-output tables).

• International main users: Eurostat, ECB, IMF, UN/ECE, OECD, FAO.
• National main users: Croatian National Bank, Ministry of Economy, Ministry of Finance, other government bodies,  Institute of Economic Zagreb (EIZ).
• Other users: Trade Unions, businesses, researchers and students, media, general public.
• Internal users: National Accounts, etc.

CBS was conducted first general user satisfaction survey during November 2013 and secondly in period from 13 to 26 April 2015 combining web questionnaire and telephone interviewing.

The sample consisted of users that have requested statistical data in the period from the beginning of the 2013 to March 2015.

The questionnaire was sent to e-mails of 2 765 users through the Survey Monkey.

Links to the questionnaire were placed on the website of the CBS, as well as on CBS official Twitter and Facebook pages so that other interested users can participate in the survey.

The questionnaire was prepared in Croatian and English and contained 28 questions. In specific parts of the questionnaire, users were able to write their proposals and suggestions for improvements.

The questionnaire covered the following topics:

• demographic characteristics of users,
• usage and quality of statistical data,
• satisfaction with CBS website,
• satisfaction with the employees and the quality of services,
• as well as questions about the CBS on social networks.

Questionnaire was completed by 952 users.There was no specific question on PRODCOM data.

The starting point of creating a model for measuring users' satisfaction was the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI).The following five criteria were taken as the variables that affect the overall satisfaction of CBS' users.

1. Satisfaction with the employees (question 20) - average grade is 4.34
2. Satisfaction with data (question 9) - the average grade is 3.56
3. Satisfaction with the website (question 14) - the average grade is 3.16
4. Satisfaction with the CBS in general (question 23) - the average grade is 3.8
5. Trust – CBS has reliable data (the claim in question 11) - the average grade is 3.96.

According to "compliance score" calculated by Eurostat Croatian PRODCOM data for 2022 reached full compliance. A compliance score combines the timeliness of the transmission with the percentage of data reported. Croatian PRODCOM data 2022 includes 100% of the data in the transmission file on time requested.

The PRODCOM Survey for 2022 covered 2894 enterprises with a response rate of 96.47% while the non-response estimate was 3.53%, the overall accuracy is very good.

Not applicable. PRODCOM survey is a cut-off survey (with 10+ persons employed).

Measurement errors: Respondents are not likely to use wrong code as the classification of product is usually done by the statistical office.

Processing errors: When data are collected they are compared with other sources:

• Accounting declaration (fact that registration number is the same for statistics and accounting helps)
• Correspondence with monthly declaration for enterprises of 20+ employees that are reporting in the monthly industrial survey.
• A threshold of +/- 30% is considered as acceptable;Comparison between unit values

Aggregate checks:

• Data are checked on deferent level of aggregations firstly by persons responsible for particular activity divisions, then by supervisors and head responsible for total PRODCOM results.
• Special table for macro level analysis exist in Excel sheets for final data/indices checking as result from computer programme support.
• If there will be need for data correction due to unrealistic values confirmed by enterprise then data will be correct on micro level, and all treatments should be repeated.

Unit non response rate is 1.0%.

Item non-response is 0, actually not applicable since in-line Prodcom data collection system in Croatia does not allow not recording of any item.

Imputation rate is not available, since systematic imputation does not exist. Data have being imputed manually based on the enterprise feadback or expert judgment and currently data processing system make no differences whether data originate from enterpises or they are imputed manually by CBS staff.

Impact of COVID 19

There was no impact of covid 19 on data sending

Timing of delivery to Eurostat: RODCOM First results are delivering to Eurostat M+6 for previous year results. Final PRODCOM results are delivering M+9 to Eurostat.

Timing of national publication: PRODCOM first results (aggregate results) data are being published 10 months after reference year (M+10). Detailed (final) results on products level are being published 15 months after reference year (M+15).

Publications of PRODCOM results are always being punctual.

PRODCOM first releases for 2022 have been published according to the pre-announced Calendar of Statistical Data Issues, 2023. 

Detailed PRODCOM results 2022 folowing Statistical report will be published according to the announced Calendar of statistical data issues, 2024, 29th of March 2024.

Since Croatian PRODCOM results are comparable among Member States since it follows EU recommended methodology and PRODCOM list regulations.

Annual PRODCOM results on product level are available since 2008 reference year based on NACE Rev.2.

Annual PRODCOM results prior to 2008  (from 1995) are available on appropriate PRODCOM List required for reference year in question.

There were no breaks in the series related to subcontracting jobs, because at the national level, subcontracting jobs were monitored in the same way as own production. Production under sub-contracted operations was sent to Eurostat starting with the year 2021.

Consistency with annual indicators is achieved by confrontation of annual PRODCOM data with:

1. Monthly survey on industrial production and persons employed (IND-1/KPS/M), where data are being collecting from enterprises and local units with 20 and more persons employed within NACE Rev.2 sections B and C.
2. Annual SBS results in regard turnover data, where data are derived from FINA (administrative data) and represent whole enterprises population within NACE Rev.2 sections B and C.

Very detail micro table exist to be checked each respondent on products level (total production, value of production sold) to find possible discrepancies. Data are corrected via control programme support (SQL) always on micro basis after obtaining corrected data from enterprise (whether via direct telephone contact or by email).

Starting from 2012 data collection method for Annual PRODCOM survey on industrial production has been change. WEB based "on-line" questionnaires has being introduced instead of paper questionnaires (CAWI method) to reduce both burden on statistics and no respondents. Data collection chain has been change from decentralised (via county statistical office) to completely centralised (CBS headquarter). As a consequence, cost and burden” originated from statistical data collection was significantly reduced for both, respondents and statistics.

Burden on respondents are also significantly reduced due to web-based data collection since the web questionnaire is prefilled and there is no cost associated with delivery of questionnaire.

There is no clear revision policy on Croatian statistics level, except that in the case of mistake revised data is mark and explained to users in all publication.

The revision policy in practice depends of size of revision.  In the case when major changes in methodology occurs first there are discussions with the Statistics Advisory Committee for Industry (users and producers) about the proposed new Statistical Standards: these are issued after agreement, with description of major changes or revisions under chapter Comparability with previous data series. The Annual Implementation Plan (Annual statistical programme), 2023 also includes such information’s which are available on CBS website (free of charge).

Users are informed on minor methodological changes in Note on methodology which is a part of the First release and all related publications announced in the Calendar of Statistical Issues, 2023 which is all available on CBS website (free of charge).

Annual PRODCOM survey on Industrial Production (IND-21/PRODCOM/G form) is the main source of information for PRODCOM products within NKD 2007. (=NACE Rev.2) sections B, C, D& E36.

The survey covers approximately 90% of total value added (VA) of industry on 4-digits levels of the NKD 2007 (=NACE Rev.2).

A data are obtained from a annual industrial survey for all units with 10 or more persons employed but in particular cases less than 10 are covered when it is not possible to achieve 90 % of value added on NKD 2007 on 4-digits level.

Annual

Customized web-based questionnaires (CAWI method of data collection) are being used for data collection from 2012.

Reporting units are obliged to fulfil the data concerning their production annually in period from 15^th of March to 15^th of May in current year for previous year data via CBS web-site.

The CBS industrial experts perform all cross-checking, necessary correction after phone call-back procedure for suspicious data, and if it is necessary visiting respondent will be advanced - that is the long-term practice of industrial statistics department to obtain data of good quality.

Processing is being verified automatically through established procedures of data treatment and validation within production quantities and quantities and values of production sold are confronting and crosschecking with previous year data.

Validation includes: cross cutting checks, checks with previous data, evolution checks (very strict criteria).

All processing steps from validation to computing is carrying out in automatic IT support system (SQL) and before the data are to be prepared for transmitting to Eurostat.

The structure of the file and the format of the data to be sent to Eurostat are derived from national formats of final results as well as plausibility checks and consistency checks which are incorporated in national data validation system.

The file format for Eurostat is formatted as Excel file as required by GESMES/TS Guide.

Eurostat specific validation checks are carrying out as well.

Data are compiled on aggregate PRODCOM product level as well as of NACE Rev.2 levels.

Additionally, data are compiled on Croatian counties level (only NACE sections).

Not applicable.

No comment.