[ES1] National Institute for Statistics (INE) (Spain)

Directorate for Short-Term Statistics

Avenida de Manoteras 50-52 / 28050 Madrid (Spain)

30 January 2025

30 January 2025

30 January 2025

See concept 3.1 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

Organisation

The Spanish National Statistic Institute[1] (INE) is a legally independent administrative autonomous institution, with its own property and treasury, attached to the Ministry of Economy and Business through the Secretariat of State for Economy and Business.  It is governed by Law 12/1989 of 9 May, of Public Statistics Function, which regulates the Statistics which is the exclusive competence of the State, and by the Statute approved by Royal Decree 508/2001 of 11 May, modified by Royal Decree 947/2003 of 18 July, Royal Decree 759/2005, of 24 June, Royal Decree 950/2009 of 5 June and Royal Decree 176/2015 of 13 March.

The INE, from the year 2022 INE's organizational structure is made up of three governing entities (General Directorates), depending on the Presidency of the Institute. INE's organizational structure also includes six entities, all of which report to INE's Presidency and have the rank of Deputy General Directorate.

Each General Directorate is divided into Deputy General Directorates, which are divided into specific work areas.

The PPP area is structured as follows:

The Purchasing Power Parities (PPP) area is part of the Directorate for Short-term Statistics, which reports to the General Directorate for Economic Statistics. This Directorate, in turn, reports to the President of the NSI.

At the end of 2025, the PPP area had six staff members. Throughout the year, there were personnel changes, so the number of staff varied at different times. The responsibilities of the PPP staff are as follows:

• PPP Area Head (PPP coordinator): Responsable for the salaries questionnaire, CPI data, and coordination of all work related to the PPP exercise.
• PPP Section Head: Provides oversight of all activities connected with the PPP exercise.
• PPP Service Head: Supervises the goods and services surveys.
• Administration Specialist: Coordinates the pre-survey and survey phases for goods and services with the staff responsible for data collection. 
• Two interviewers: Collect prices for goods and services surveys. These price collectors work exclusively for the PPP. For some surveys, and when the workload requires it, additional price collectors from another INE unit support the price collection process. 

In addition, INE has subcontracted the work relating to the following surveys:

• Equipment goods survey;
• Construction survey;

Each survey is carried out by a different private company subcontracted in accordance with Spanish Law 9/2017, of 8 November, on Public Sector Contracts. The contractors are mainly responsible for conducting the pre-survey, carrying out price collection, and performing data validation. They are also required to prepare the survey reports for Equipment Goods and Construction. INE is responsible for the quality control of all data.

All the work relating to PPP is carried out under the supervision of the Deputy Director of Short-term Statistics, who reports to the Director of Short-term Statistics.

This Inventory has been drafted in accordance with the PPP Manual and taking into account Regulation (EC) No 1445/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2007, which establishes common rules for the provision of basic information on PPP; its implementing Regulation No 193/2011 regarding the quality control system used for PPP; and Regulation No 2015/1163 concerning the list of basic headings used for PPP.

The PPP coordinator is responsible for drafting the Inventory. The chapter on National Accounts data has been prepared by the National Accounts Department. The chapter on Hospital Services has been drafted in cooperation with the Ministry of Health, and the chapters on Equipment Goods and Construction have been drafted in cooperation with the respective experts in these areas.

In most cases, staff members are assigned to more than one task and do not perform the same duties throughout all 12 months of the year. The tasks are described as follows:

• Goods and services surveys: Six people work on the consumer price surveys. Two of them are interviewers, and the others are the inspector of price collectors, the service head, the section head, and the area head.
• Rents, salaries, GDP expenditure weight, CPIs and other tasks: Two people are involved in these tasks: the section head and the area head. These activities are usually concentrated in the month prior to the deadline for sending the questionnaire to Eurostat.
• Spatial adjustment coefficients: One person, the head of section, is responsible for this task. This work is carried out throughout the year to estimate the coefficients used in the two consumer price surveys. 
• Management: This task is carried out by two people, the area head and the section head, throughout the entire year. 
• Equipment goods and construction surveys: A company is outsourced for each survey. The contractors are responsable for the pre-survey, survey, and validation phases. The PPP coordinator collaborates in all phases of the survey and is responsible for the quality control of the data. 

The staff working in the PPP area consists of experienced price statisticians. The PPP coordinator holds a degree in mathematics and has more than ten years of professional experience.

Other INE areas that cooperate by providing information to the PPP unit:

• Consumer Price Index (CPI) area: Responsible for preparing the consumer price index questionnaire and calculating spatial adjustment coefficients. In 2025 both areas, CPI and PPP were managed by the same person.
• Household Budget area: Responsible for preparing the rent questionnaire and the GDP expenditure weights. In the NSI organisational chart, this area belongs to the Directorate for Social Statistics. 
• National Accounts: This unit completes the GDP expenditure weights questionnaire. It also provides information on VAT on capital goods and tips, which is required to complete the VAT and Tips questionnaires. In the NSI organisational chart, this area belongs to the Department for National Accounts. This unit is responsible for drafting the PPP Inventory sections related to GDP expenditure weights, VAT, and tips.  

[1] Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)

See concept 3.2 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 3.3 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 3.4 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 3.5 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 3.6 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

The whole country.

See concept 3.8 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

Not applicable, because PPPs (Purchasing power parities) are primarily spatial indicators.

See concept 4 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 5 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 6.1 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 6.2 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

NSI is governed by the Ley 12/1989, of 9 May 1989 of the  Public Statistics Function. Specifically, article 13 of the Law, on statistical confidentiality, provides as follows:

“Article 13.

1. Any personal data procured by statistical offices from reporting units directly or from administrative sources are protected by statistical confidentiality.

2. Personal data are defined as data on natural people or bodies corporate which enable immediate identification of the parties concerned or, by their structure, content or degree of disaggregation, lead to indirect identification of the parties concerned.

3. Statistical confidentiality binds statistical offices not to disclose personal data, whatever their origin, in any event.”

Data request

The data needed to meet Eurostat requirements relating to PPP to other public organization or private company are requested under the Spanish Statistical Law .

Data dissemination

No information is provided on individual prices collected in PPP goods and services surveys, because, by law, data at that level of disaggregation cannot be released.

Access rights by type of user are shown in Table 2, in accordance with the decisions made in conjunction with Eurostat:

Table 2.

The subcontrated companies to carry out the constrution and equipment goods surveys have access to the national average prices and to the national and extra-national prices indixes to validate the surveys. To protect the statistical confidenciality, these companies sign a document which commit them to save this confidenciality according to the rules of the Law of the Public Statistics Function.

Other people from NSI who do not work in the PPP area do not access to the PPP information.

Not available

Not available

Not available

See concept 9 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

INE does not publish PPP results, because they are released by Eurostat and a national release would contain the same information.

Some information in the INE web could be find in Spanish and English in  the following link:

PPP Spanish Inventory

The form and dates of publication are those decided by Eurostat.

See concept 10.4 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

Not applicable

The latest version of the "EUROSTAT-OECD Methodological manual on purchasing power parities" is available online. 

See concept 10.7 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

All data provided undergo a detailed multilateral validation process, described in detail in the PPP Manual (see 10.6).

At European level, the PPP Regulation requires Eurostat to assess the PPP processes of each EU Member State at least once every six years and to publish the results of these assessments on the Eurostat website. The outcome of these assessments are released on Eurostat's website.

See concept 12.1 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 12.2 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

All indicators are calculated and published.

See concept 13.1 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See the concept 13.2 of the 6 different Inventories (Consumer goods Inventory : PPP_CGSES_A, Housing Services Inventory : PPP_RENTSES_A, Compensation of Government Employees Inventory : PPP_SALARES_A, Hospital Services Inventory : PPP_HOSPES_A, Equipment Goods Inventory : PPP_EQIPMES_A and Construction Inventory : PPP_CNSTES_A).

See the concept 13.3 of the 6 different Inventories (Consumer goods Inventory : PPP_CGSES_A, Housing Services Inventory : PPP_RENTSES_A, Compensation of Government Employees Inventory : PPP_SALARES_A, Hospital Services Inventory : PPP_HOSPES_A, Equipment Goods Inventory : PPP_EQIPMES_A and Construction Inventory : PPP_CNSTES_A).

See concept 14.1 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 14.2 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 15.1 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 15.2 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 15.3 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

Not applicable

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

See concept 17.1 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

Not applicable, cf. 17.1.

See concept 18.1 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See concept 18.2 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms and the concept 18.2 of the 6 different Inventories (Consumer goods Inventory : PPP_CGSES_A, Housing Services Inventory : PPP_RENTSES_A, Compensation of Government Employees Inventory : PPP_SALARES_A, Hospital Services Inventory : PPP_HOSPES_A, Equipment Goods Inventory : PPP_EQIPMES_A and Construction Inventory : PPP_CNSTES_A).

See concept 18.3 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms and the concept 18.3 of the 6 different Inventories (Consumer goods Inventory : PPP_CGSES_A, Housing Services Inventory : PPP_RENTSES_A, Compensation of Government Employees Inventory : PPP_SALARES_A, Hospital Services Inventory : PPP_HOSPES_A, Equipment Goods Inventory : PPP_EQIPMES_A and Construction Inventory : PPP_CNSTES_A).

See the concept 18.4 of the 6 different Inventories (Consumer goods Inventory : PPP_CGSES_A, Housing Services Inventory : PPP_RENTSES_A, Compensation of Government Employees Inventory : PPP_SALARES_A, Hospital Services Inventory : PPP_HOSPES_A, Equipment Goods Inventory : PPP_EQIPMES_A and Construction Inventory : PPP_CNSTES_A).

See concept 18.5 of the Eurostat metadata file prc_ppp_esms.

See the concept 18.6 of the 6 different Inventories (Consumer goods Inventory : PPP_CGSES_A, Housing Services Inventory : PPP_RENTSES_A, Compensation of Government Employees Inventory : PPP_SALARES_A, Hospital Services Inventory : PPP_HOSPES_A, Equipment Goods Inventory : PPP_EQIPMES_A and Construction Inventory : PPP_CNSTES_A).

Not applicable