Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
Enviroment and Coordination, Section for Emissions and Urban Development
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
Solna Strandväg 86, 171 54 Solna, SWEDEN
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last update
6 November 2025
2.2. Metadata last certified
6 November 2025
2.3. Metadata last posted
6 November 2025
3.1. Data description
The House Price Index (HPI) is a quarterly indicator that measures the changes in the transaction prices of dwellings that households acquire on the market. The HPI covers all transactions of dwellings made by households, regardless of its final use. This index thus covers not only the transactions that are new to the household sector but also all that are made between households. All price indices include land value, except for the index Purchases of newly built dwellings excluding land, which is to be considered a proxy.
The data on the HPI is provided in the form of an overall index value comprising two sub-indices: Purchases of newly built dwellings and Purchases of existing dwellings. Index figures for the purchase of existing dwellings are compiled based on of full transaction prices and for new dwellings on asking prices.
The HPI is a chain-linked Laspeyres-type price index. HPI data are presented in the form of index numbers (present index base year: 2015) and quarterly and annual rate of change.
The HPI is weighted by the value of dwelling transactions both for new and existing. Land value is excluded in the weights for new dwellings.
National Accounts is the source for the compilation of weights and is complemented by other administrative sources (land registry and tax authorities).
3.2. Classification system
The HPI is classified according to the following categories:
H.1. Purchases of dwellings;
H.1.1. Purchases of newly built dwellings; H.1.2. Purchases of existing dwellings.
3.3. Coverage - sector
ESA 2010 sector S.14 (Household sector).
HPI covers all residential properties purchased by households in the reference period.
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
The main statistical variables are price indices.
3.5. Statistical unit
The basic statistical unit of the HPI are private households. The main statistical variable for purchases of newly built dwellings is asking price. The main statistical variable for purchases of existing dwellings is transaction price.
3.6. Statistical population
The target population is all transactions of dwellings purchased by households.
3.7. Reference area
Data are available for the country as a whole.
3.8. Coverage - Time
Data are available since the first quarter of 2005 for all index series.
3.9. Base period
The HPI is a chain-linked Laspeyres-type price index that uses 2015=100 as index base year.
Index figures with base year 2015=100 are available, as well as quarterly and annual growth rates in percentage. Weights are provided both as parts in thousands (1/1000) and in Swedish Crowns (SEK).
The compiled quarterly indexes cover the whole calendar quarter.
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
The basic act providing for the compilation of the House price index (HPI) and the Owner-occupied price index (OOHPI) is the European Parliament and Council Regulation (EU) 2016/792, of 11 May 2016.
The relevant implementing act is Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/1470 of 17 July 2023.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
None.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 11 March 2009, on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities. The Swedish law "Offentlighets- och sekretessförordning (2009:641)" also restricts the usage of data from statistical producing authorities.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Not relevant.
8.1. Release calendar
The HPI for H.1 (Residential real estate prices) is published as part of Financial soundness indicators by IMF (part of Financial market statistics) at the webpage of Statistics Sweden.
The HPI indices are published quarterly and the weights for the index are published annually.
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
None.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
None.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database
A database with HPI index numbers is available in the Eurostat database and in Eurostat Statistics Explained. The H1 is published as a rate of change compared to the previous quarter in the Swedish Statistical Database as Residential real estate prices.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
Yes, anonymised microdata can be accessed after a confidentiality assessment, if Statistics Sweden finds that the user has the right to access the data.
All data are checked for completeness and consistency with statistical concepts and definitions. Statistics Sweden follows the Code of Practice.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
The quality of the HPI index is routinely reviewed using a framework that is based on the OOH technical manual and the European Statistical System (ESS) definition of quality.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
The HPI responds, to the needs of all individual users interested in the behavior of the domestic house price market. In addition, it respons to the needs of the European Central Bank and Commission - for a set of indicators monitoring the stability of the house price market.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
Not available.
12.3. Completeness
All relevant expenditure categories defined in the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1470 of 17 July 2023 are included in the statistics.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
The HPI is considered to be accurate and to well reflect the overall behaviour of the housing market.
13.2. Sampling error
Not applicable except for existing owner-occupied flats in multi-dwelling buildings.
13.3. Non-sampling error
Transactions with existing owner-occupied flats in multi-dwelling buildings in small towns, villages are not covered to the full extent in the Swedish HPI.
14.1. Timeliness
The first preliminary national publication of quarterly statistics for the first, third and fourth quarter are published approximately 1 month after the end of the quarter. Meanwhile, the statistics for the second quarter has a time lag of approximately 2 months. For the House Sales the first preliminary statistics are published 6 months after the reference year.
14.2. Punctuality
House price index is sent to Eurostat within 85 days after the end of the reference quarter. Weights are sent in mid-June every year.
There is no record of delays in the transmission and dissemination of the data.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
No comparable geographical breakdown is available.
15.2. Comparability - over time
Data are comparable over time.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
The Owner-Occupied Housing index (OOH) may partly overlap the scope of the HPI. However, both indices cover a different set of transactions and any comparison of the two indices should be done with this in mind.
15.4. Coherence - internal
All figures are checked for internal consistency.
The cost from hours worked for the compilation of the HPI statistics at Statistics Sweden are unknown. HPI is compiled using components from published statistics within real estate price statistics domain.
17.1. Data revision - policy
HPI series are revisable under the terms set in Commission implementing regulation (EU) 2023/1470 of 17 July 2023. The published HPI data and value of housing transactions may be revised for mistakes, new or improved information, and changes in the system of harmonised rules.
17.2. Data revision - practice
The general public is informed about possible non-periodic revisions in press releases.
18.1. Source data
See below.
18.1.1. Prices
The index for new dwellings is mainly based on survey data and the index for existing dwellings is mainly based on administrative data.
18.1.2. Weights
The sources for the weights are the latest available National Accounts data and actual values from existing dwelling transactions.
18.1.3. Source data - House Sales indicators
The data sources used for the House Sales are National Accounts data and actual values from existing dwelling transactions.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
The data used in the compilation of HPI are collected on weekly, monthly, quarterly and annually basis. The statistics that is compiled via administrative sources is only produced monthly.
The statistical aggregates used in the compilation of the HPI are based on monthly or quarterly statistics. The monthly statistics are aggregated to quarterly aggregates. The weights are collected on an annual basis.
18.3. Data collection
Transaction prices for one- or two dwelling buildings and vacation homes are using administrative data. The data are collected through the use of an electronic protocol established between Statistics Sweden and Land registry. For owner-occupied flats (private data) electronic protocol is established where data is collected from real estate agents. Prices for new dwellings are collected via postal survey from construction firms. For the Construction Cost Index the collection is mainly electronically via the web-based collection tool SIV which is standard at Statistics Sweden.
In the near future there are no planned changes for the collection of the data.
18.4. Data validation
The data are checked for internal consistency. Each of the surveys included in the production of the HPI uses different types of data validation, i.e. extreme values, missing values.
18.5. Data compilation
See below.
18.5.1. Calculation and Aggregation
See below.
18.5.1.1. Index formulae
HPI is a Laspeyres-type price index.
18.5.1.2. Aggregation method
For Newly built buildings, the Building Price Index is nowcasted with the Construction Cost Index for buildings. The resulting index is re-referenced to Q4 y-1 = 100. Each elementary index is aggregated arithmetically to higher-level indices using expenditure weights that are price updated to Q4 y-1 =100.
18.5.1.3. Derivation of sub-index and elementary aggregate weights
Weight figures are annually revised (on the basis of the most recently available National Accounts data and statistics from transaction data) and price updated to the last quarter of year t-1. A moving average of the last three years is applied for HPI sub-indices for newly build dwellings.
18.5.1.4. Price updating
The weight data that are used refer to t-2 and under normal circumstances is assumed that these weights can approximately be representative also for t-1. In exceptional situations when this is unlikely to hold alternatives are investigated, such as using preliminary data for y-1 from national accounts (in consultation with Eurostat). The elementary aggregate weights are adjusted with the corresponding price change between the year t-2 and the fourth quarter of the year t-1.
18.5.1.5. Chaining and linking method
The five quarters (Q4 to Q4) higher-level indices are chain linked to arrive at the final series 2015=100. Q4 is thus the overlap or link quarter in which the new and old basket are priced.
18.5.1.6. Compilation of sub-indices
For the index on purchases of existing one- or two-dwelling buildings, a SPAR method is used.
The index for purchases of cooperative owned flats (existing dwellings) is compiled applying hedonic regression method.
The methodology used in the compilation for newly produced dwellings is based on hedonic method.
18.5.1.6.1. Hedonic method
The hedonic method used in the compilation of the sub-indices for HPI are of average characteristics method. A semi-logarithmic equation is used in which the logarithm of price per square meter is used as dependent variable. The statistical model is reviewed annually. The independent variables are different for the specific type of building. The common independent variables are average price per square meter, number of toilets and baths, type of tenure, basement, elevator, balcony, garage and type of building.
18.5.1.6.2. SPAR method
The prices of existing one- and two-dwelling buildings uses a SPAR method. The valuation data is from the tax authority and the assessment is done for the whole stock of one- or two-dwelling buildings every third year.
18.5.1.6.3. Stratification
Stratification is not used in the calculation of the HPI.
18.5.2. Other processing issues
See below.
18.5.2.1. Timing for pricing
Both contract date and transfer of ownership is used in the HPI. For existing one- or two-dwelling the transfer date of ownership is used. For existing dwellings in cooperative housing the contract date is used. For the new dwellings, the date for building start is used.
18.5.2.2. Treatment of VAT
VAT is not included in the price of dwellings.
18.5.2.3. Treatment of other taxes
Taxes, other than VAT, are not included in the price of dwellings.
18.5.2.4. Treatment of government subsidies
The HPI includes only transactions at market prices. Government subsidies are not included in the prices, in the compilation of HPI.
18.5.2.5. Treatment of land
The price of land is generally included in the compilation of HPI. For the new dwellings the land components is excluded. For the House Sales indicator, the price of land is included.
18.5.2.6. Housing cooperatives
Dwellings in housing cooperatives are considered to be owner-occupied housing and are included in the HPI and House Sales indicator. The housing cooperatives are sold on the open market and the price and number of transactions are used for the compilation of the HPI and House Sales indicators. Housing cooperative dwellings are included and constitute a sizable part of dwellings in Sweden.
18.5.2.7. Treatment of non-market transactions
The non-market transactions are excluded in the compilation of HPI and House Sales indicators. The non-market transactions are registered with a specific code and are thereafter excluded.
18.5.2.8. Treatment of multi-object transactions
Transactions for objects with multiple properties of dwelling-character are included. If at least one of the properties is a non-dwelling property (for example office property), it is excluded.
18.5.2.9. Treatment of fractional transactions
Fractional transactions (when only a share of a dwelling ownership is sold) are excluded. Such dwellings exist, e.g. in Swedish ski-resorts.
18.5.2.10. Outliers detection
The Swedish HPI is mainly based on sub-indices that have been published for other purposes and quality assured at an earlier stage. In the compilation of these sub-indices there are different ways to detect outliers. For the existing dwellings it is mostly different types of thresholds that rule out outliers. For the new dwellings, the prices are manually reviewed. In rare cases, objects are excluded from the population due to extreme influence on the outcome.
18.5.2.11. Treatment of incomplete data source coverage
There is no known under-coverage of data in the production of the House Sales indicator.
18.6. Adjustment
No adjustments other than quality adjustment are applied to the HPI data.
None.
The House Price Index (HPI) is a quarterly indicator that measures the changes in the transaction prices of dwellings that households acquire on the market. The HPI covers all transactions of dwellings made by households, regardless of its final use. This index thus covers not only the transactions that are new to the household sector but also all that are made between households. All price indices include land value, except for the index Purchases of newly built dwellings excluding land, which is to be considered a proxy.
The data on the HPI is provided in the form of an overall index value comprising two sub-indices: Purchases of newly built dwellings and Purchases of existing dwellings. Index figures for the purchase of existing dwellings are compiled based on of full transaction prices and for new dwellings on asking prices.
The HPI is a chain-linked Laspeyres-type price index. HPI data are presented in the form of index numbers (present index base year: 2015) and quarterly and annual rate of change.
The HPI is weighted by the value of dwelling transactions both for new and existing. Land value is excluded in the weights for new dwellings.
National Accounts is the source for the compilation of weights and is complemented by other administrative sources (land registry and tax authorities).
6 November 2025
The main statistical variables are price indices.
The basic statistical unit of the HPI are private households. The main statistical variable for purchases of newly built dwellings is asking price. The main statistical variable for purchases of existing dwellings is transaction price.
The target population is all transactions of dwellings purchased by households.
Data are available for the country as a whole.
The compiled quarterly indexes cover the whole calendar quarter.
The HPI is considered to be accurate and to well reflect the overall behaviour of the housing market.
Index figures with base year 2015=100 are available, as well as quarterly and annual growth rates in percentage. Weights are provided both as parts in thousands (1/1000) and in Swedish Crowns (SEK).
See below.
See below.
The HPI indices are published quarterly and the weights for the index are published annually.
The first preliminary national publication of quarterly statistics for the first, third and fourth quarter are published approximately 1 month after the end of the quarter. Meanwhile, the statistics for the second quarter has a time lag of approximately 2 months. For the House Sales the first preliminary statistics are published 6 months after the reference year.
No comparable geographical breakdown is available.
